The Genogram as a Tool in Career Counseling

A genogram is a three-generational graphic representation of a client's family of origin. The author depicts a sample genogram and outlines a three-part approach for use of a genogram in career counseling. Several possible uses are suggested.     

Intentional Forgiving as a Counseling Intervention

Forgiveness has been represented in counseling literature as an effective means of promoting personal and relational development. Despite this, a concise set of guidelines to direct counselors in the use of forgiveness has yet to be proposed. The author presents theological and counseling understandings of forgiveness and delineates contexts in which counselors have promoted forgiveness in clients. Drawing on the increasing base of counseling-related literature concerning the importance of forgiveness, the author defines and proposes guidelines for a counseling approach called “intentional forgiving,” an intervention in which clients are directed to forgive someone who has wounded them.     

Learning Journals as a Counseling Strategy

This article explores the use of learning journals as a counseling strategy that can be used to complement a counselor's therapeutic orientation. The authors postulate that learning journals will have therapeutic effects on clients that will lead to enduring positive changes, discuss the development of appropriate learning taxonomies to evaluate learning journals, and make recommendations for practice.     

Multiculturalism as a Generic Approach to Counseling

According to a broad definition of culture, the multicultural perspective applies to all counseling relationships. According to this broad definition, multiculturalism may be described as a “fourth force” in counseling from its own theoretical perspective. The broad definition of culture is discussed and applied to the field of counseling. The advantages of defining culture broadly and of understanding multiculturalism as a generic approach to counseling are discussed and supported along with the consequences of alternative perspectives. La perspectiva multicultural se aplica a todas las relaciones consejeriales según una definición amplia de cultura. De esta manera el multi-culturalismo, desde su propia perspectiva, se puede describir coma “la cuarta fuerza” en la consejería. Se trata de la definición amplia de cultura y se aplica esta definición al campo deconsejería. Se discuten las ventajas de definir cultura de esa manera y de entender el multiculturalismo como una vía genérica a la consejería junto con las consecuencias de perspectivas alternativas.     

Utilizing a Music Listening Technique in Inpatient Psychiatric Group Counseling

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to describe and illustrate through a hypothetical case example how counselors can utilize an expressive arts technique called music listening in inpatient psychiatric group counseling. The authors give a rationale to implement here-and-now interventions, specifically music listening, in response to the critique of current inpatient therapy in psychiatric hospitals following a shift from long-term inpatient psychiatric care to brief stabilization admissions.     

Attribution Retraining as a Structured Group Counseling Intervention

The efficacy of attribution retraining as a structured group counseling intervention was tested. Participants were classified as having either an adaptive or nonadaptive attributional style. Three groups of participants were then created: Adaptive Group, Nonadaptive Group, Treatment Group (nonadaptive attributional style participants who received treatment involving attribution retraining). Results indicated that participants in the Treatment Group made relatively more adaptive attributions (similar to the adaptive Group) for an experimentally induced uncontrollable failure and reported lower levels of depressive mood than the Nonadaptive Group. Results are discussed as providing partial support for the efficacy of attribution retraining as a structured group counseling intervention.     

Bibliotherapy as a Counseling Adjunct: Research Findings

Counselors have been prompted to use bibliotherapy, but recommendations for using the technique are rarely based on published research. This article reviews the effectiveness of the technique and is intended to help counselors draw implications for using bibliotherapy in their professional practices.     

Outplacement as Transition Counseling

This article discusses outplacement counseling, which exemplifies efforts to expand organizational employee-oriented services. Transition counseling is also described.     

Movies as a Therapeutic Technique in School‐Based Counseling Groups to Reduce Parent–Adolescent Conflict

The authors evaluated a school‐based group counseling program aimed at reducing parent–adolescent conflict and assessing the unique contribution of movie therapy. Participants were 173 Arab adolescents who scored high on conflict with parents. Students were divided among 3 conditions: a treatment intervention with movies, a treatment intervention without movies, and a no‐treatment control group. Results indicated more favorable outcomes in both interventions compared with the control group, with no effect of movies.