Inservice Training and Innovation in Manpower Agencies

The utilization of new know ledge in applied social science settings requires that this knowledge be transmitted in formats that are directly relevant, instructional, and parachutable. This article presents information and guidelines to be applied in considering training content, teaching/learning methods, and media. A model program is briefly described.     

Microteaching: A Proposal For Manpower Development and Training Improvement

Microteaching, using videotape equipment as a training aid, may enhance the skills and effectiveness of trainees in Manpower Development Training centers. Microteaching allows the trainee to learn through manipulative experience and to receive immediate feedback regarding his performance. Moreover, this procedure provides program coordinators with a means of evaluating the efficiency, effectiveness, and utility of the center and its facilities as well as providing a starting point for trainee improvement. In addition, videotaped experiences offer increased knowledge to counselors, thus promoting vocational direction best suited to trainee needs.     

A Developmental Framework for Collaboration in Child-Serving Agencies

Collaboration for the purpose of interdependent problem solving represents a fundamental reform of services for children with serious emotional disturbance and their families, which have typically been categorical, poorly coordinated, costly, overly restrictive, and frequently provided outside of the children's home communities. This article presents a developmental framework for collaboration that is based on the experience of families, service providers, administrators, and community members who have been involved in local collaborative processes in their own communities. The framework provides those interested in building collaboration a clear identification of the stages of collaborative development, defining characteristics of each stage, collaborative activities typical of that stage, and identification of the catalyst for change to the next stage. The results of this project indicate that while well-developed professional collaboration is a necessary component of collaboration, it is not sufficient in and of itself. The sites participating in this project related their experiences in building collaborative processes to both the development of strong interagency collaborations and the development of family participation. Their experience indicates that these two processes must be fully developed and woven together to achieve the goal of true collaboration.     

A Competition Model of IRT Distributions During the First Training Stages of Variable-Interval Schedule

The Psychological Record - A mathematical model based on the competition between neural networks is proposed. The model proposes that the neural network controlling the lever-pressing response...     

A Power-base Training Model for Women

This article describes a behavioral skills training model aimed at decreasing feelings of powerlessness often experienced by women, adapted from the literature on power-bases.     

A Model for Cultural Diversity Training

We are fast becoming a multicultural, multiracial, and multilingual society. Such demographic changes are having a major impact on economic, social, legal, political, educational, and cultural systems. For businesses and industries to survive, they will need to meet the inevitable challenge of cultural diversity. A model for incorporating cultural diversity in organizations is presented. The model is based on a 3 × 3 × 3 matrix, which analyzes an organization's functional focus (recruitment, retention, and promotion), barriers (differences, discrimination, and systemic factors), and cross-cultural competencies (beliefs/attitudes, knowledge, and skills). Although it was originally developed for business and industry, the model seems to have usefulness in application to education and mental health organizations as well. Estamos llegando a ser rápidamente una sociedad multicultural, multiracial, y multilingue. Estos cambios demográficos han tenido un gran impacto en los sistemas económico, social, legal, politico, educativo, y cultural. Para que los negocios e industrias sobrevivan, necesitarán enfrentarse al desafío inevitable de la diversidad cultural. Se presenta un modelo para incorporar la diversidad cultural en organizaciones. El modelo se basa en una metriz 3 × 3 × 3 que analiza el foco funcional de una organizacion (reclutamiento, retención, y promoción), bloques (diferencias, discriminación, y factores sistémicos), y competencias interculturales (creencias/actitudes, conocimientos, y habilidades). A la vez que se desarrolló el modelo originalmente para negocios e industria, se vio que el modelo también tiene utilidad para aplicarse en organizaciones educativas y de salud mental.     

A Systems Approach for Training Employment Counselors

How can the systems approach and the related tools and techniques be used to improve the training of employment counselors? This article is intended to provide a tentative answer to that question. First, a conventional model for training counselors will be evaluated. Second, a systems-based model will be described. Finally, some advantages and limitations of the proposed model will be examined.     

关于样例学习中样例设计的若干研究

样例学习是人的自适应学习的主要方式之一 ,它在认知技能获取的早期阶段起着尤其重要的作用。该文主要对样例学习的历史背景、当前存在的几种样例学习方向进行了综述 ,并对将来的研究进行了展望     

21世纪孩子们的学校

20世纪 :我的名字叫埃弗拉伊姆·纳纳我叫埃弗拉伊姆·纳纳 ,这我已经告诉过你了 ,是在有一次你来这里时告诉你的。你来过这里好多次 ,都是在关门之前 ,和我谈起我的学校。[1 ] 据我所知 ,在我的家乡没有在这里的市场上见到的这些东西 ,只有那些土生土长的东西 :芒果、土豆、玉米、香蕉、番木瓜。我的小学老师告诉我 ,在别的一些地方 ,东西更是少得可怜 ;他说在喀土穆和苏丹 ,国家是很大 ,但在市场的货架上只有洋葱、白豆和红豆 ;虽然堆放得很好 ,但也还不过是白豆、红豆和洋葱 ;他还说 ,世界大得很 ,而我们所经历的饥饿并不是最严重的饥荒…     

A Challenge for Soft Line Replies to Manipulation Cases

Cases involving certain kinds of manipulation seem to challenge compatibilism about responsibility-grounding free will. To deal with such cases many compatibilists give what has become known as a ‘soft line’ reply. In this paper I present a challenge to the soft line reply. I argue that any relevant case involving manipulation—and to which a compatibilist might wish to give a soft line reply—can be transformed into one supporting a degree of moral responsibility through the addition of libertarian elements (such as alternative possibilities of a kind unavailable under determinism and executive control of the sort commonly associated with agent-causation). From a compatibilist’s perspective the subtraction of libertarian elements should make no difference to any assessment of the agent’s responsibility. The compatibilist should therefore judge the agent morally responsible after the removal of the libertarian elements. Yet removal of the libertarian elements returns the case to its original form and thus what started out as a soft line has now collapsed into a hard line reply. Various ways of resisting my argument are considered, but each is shown to carry important burdens.     

A Relationship Skills Training Program for College Students

An eight-session Relationship Skills Training program was developed for college students who have difficulty in meeting others and establishing close personal relationships. The major components of each session (i.e., introduction, cognitive restructuring, skills training, and homework) are described and results of the initial offering of the program are presented.     

A Cognitive-Skills Model for Counselor Training and Supervision

This article describes a model for training counselors in cognitive skills that can be used to supplement any systematic training approach to behavioral skills. The four phases of the training model are designed to teach counselor trainees cognitive skills and self-instructional strategies related to (a) attending to and seeking information, (b) forming hypotheses and conceptual models, and (c) intervention planning and self-instruction. Instructional techniques and exercises are described for each training phase.     

A Multicultural Competency Checklist for Counseling Training Programs

This brief report presents a Multicultural Competency Checklist that can be used by counseling training programs as a pragmatic guide in multicultural program development. The Checklist includes 22 items organized along six major themes: minority representation, curriculum issues, counseling practice and supervision, research considerations, student and faculty competency evaluation, and physical environment. Guidelines for using the Checklist are provided.     

A Sensemaking Approach to Ethics Training for Scientists: Preliminary Evidence of Training Effectiveness

In recent years, we have seen a new concern with ethics training for research and development professionals. Although ethics training has become more common, the effectiveness of the training being provided is open to question. In the present effort, a new ethics training course was developed that stresses the importance of the strategies people apply to make sense of ethical problems. The effectiveness of this training was assessed in a sample of 59 doctoral students working in the biological and social sciences using a pre–post design with follow-up and a series of ethical decision-making measures serving as the outcome variable. Results showed not only that this training led to sizable gains in ethical decision making but also that these gains were maintained over time. The implications of these findings for ethics training in the sciences are discussed.     

洛铂与顺铂联合培美曲塞一线治疗晚期肺腺癌的临床观察

观察洛铂与顺铂联合培美曲塞治疗晚期肺腺癌的疗效和不良反应。将64例肺腺癌患者分为PL组（培美曲塞＋洛铂）和PC组（培美曲塞＋顺铂）,每2个周期评价疗效,观察不良反应。结果两组疗效无显著差异。PL组恶心、呕吐、腹泻较轻,口腔黏膜炎反应较重。结论两组疗效相当,但洛铂组不良反应较轻,耐受性好。     

A Stress Management Training Program for Low Income Women

No abstract available for this article.