The Soul Cluster: Reconsideration of a Millennia Old Concept

The article presents a comparative analysis of the theories on conceptions of soul in indigenous and early European traditions. The focal point of the study is the observation that the concept of soul is noticeably complex in aboriginal cultures, and its plural—especially tripartite—nature is the rule rather than the exception. Another observation is that the described pluralism, the number of soul components, and their attributes go through speculative changes as the tradition moves away of tribal origins, which have the shamanic state of consciousness as experiential source of knowledge instead of scholarly theorization. A three-network model of human experience is drawn to support the tripartition cum trilocation concept of soul.     

生死与灵魂观念

生死是一对现实的矛盾.这对现实的矛盾导致了理想与现实的冲突.现实是有生必有死,理想是长生不死.对现实存在的认识可以影响理想.但是理想与现实却难以时时处处相符合.特别是当理想发自本能的时候,就更缺乏与现实统一的基础.不能统一,又难以放弃理想或改变现实,就难免会走向调合.调合的方法很多.庄子说"生死一也",甚至论证死比生好.有人说自己的生命在子孙身上得到延续.有人去炼内、外丹求长生不老.有人则干脆致力于不思考这一问题,从而取消之.而有人则以灵魂观念自慰.     

The Study of Interpersonal Problems: A Leary Legacy

The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP) is an instrument based on Leary's original theory that has been used to identify dysfunctional patterns in a person's interpersonal interactions. Interpersonal problems can be organized. in 2 dimensions, and the 2-dimensional space can be divided into 8 equal sector's (octants). Subscale of the IIP describe problems in each of these octants. The instrument has been used to identify interpersonal problems that are discussed most often in a brief dynamic psychotherapy and problems that are treated most easily. The results show that problems in the exploitable octant improve most frequently, whereas problems in the dominating, vindictive, and cold octants do not improve as readily. We have also examined people's attachment styles in adulthood (following a model proposed by Bowlby) ,and found that different attachment styles correspond to different types of interpersonal problems.     

Psychoanalysis Traumatized: The Legacy of the Holocaust

Psychoanalysis is a survivor of the Holocaust. It was founded and flourished in central European centers that would be destroyed by the Nazis. A core group of refugees who lived through persecution and exile were instrumental in rebuilding their movement on alien shores. They had no opportunity to mourn the loss of their culture or their leader, Freud, whose death was overshadowed by the cataclysmic upheaval around them. Though its trauma has been dissociated, it is represented in psychoanalytic ideas and enacted in institutions within the context of delayed or incomplete mourning. For example, authoritarianism in psychoanalytic institutions will be explored as a reliving of the trauma of both fascism and exile, and not merely typical group psychology. Further evidence of the impact of dissociated trauma includes the astonishing scotoma for actual events in treatment of Holocaust survivors; the extreme privileging of infantile fantasy over reality, and attention to childhood neurosis at the expense of adult catastrophic events.     

The Grammar of Pneumatology in Barth and Rahner: A Reconsideration

The trinitarian theologies of Barth and Rahner have tended to be read as failing to overcome a pneumatological deficiency that characterizes Western theology, despite the importance of their thought to proponents of the contemporary trinitarian 'revival'. This article argues, however, that in fact their conceptualizations of the doctrine of the Trinity depend upon essential pneumatological themes: Barth's understanding of the Spirit as the subjective reality of revelation's effect, and Rahner's proposals concerning the gift of the Spirit in terms of uncreated grace and quasi-formal causality. These insights have been largely overlooked or misconstrued, not least because both Barth and Rahner deploy their pneumatologies in the course of polemical debates with their nineteenth-century predecessors. A fresh reading of these theologians yields a pneumatology that I characterize as a grammar of the construction of graced subjectivity.     

A Legacy of Weakness

No abstract available for this article.     

The Soul of Supervision: Counselor Spirituality

Because spirituality training for counselors and supervisors is vital to counselor development, the authors examined the relationships between purpose in life, the integration of spirituality into supervision, and the supervisory working alliance among a sample of supervisors and trainees. Supervisors reported a greater sense of purpose and spiritual discussion during supervision than trainees. Trainees' personal sense of purpose was positively related to spiritual discussions with a supervisor and to an emphasis on client issues in supervision.     

Religious Addiction: The Subtle Destruction of the Soul

This paper acquaints one with and examines critically the reality of religious addiction. It describes some of the defining characteristics and symptoms. Rigidity, black and white thinking, low self-esteem, magical thinking, judgmental attitudes are but a few of the symptoms of this complex phenomenon described by myself as destructive soul work. The religious addict seeks to avoid pain and overcome shame by becoming involved in a belief system which offers security through its rigidity and its absolute values. This paper is not definitive in its scope. It's purpose is to explore and examine with the goal of gaining insight and awareness into the topic of religious addiction. private practice in