Dialectical Behavior Therapy in the Treatment of Abusive Behavior

Summary

Research suggests that a subset of men who abuse their partners have characteristics associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) has shown promise as a treatment for BPD, and thus may be useful for these men. This paper describes how DBT principles might be applied to address the problem of partner abuse, including discussion of why one might expect DBT to be a helpful treatment model for this population, and how implementation of the model might be designed.     

Fostering Change of Psychologically Abusive Behavior in Couples

SUMMARY

Fostering change of psychologically abusive behavior in couples requires that helping professionals be able to recognize such behavior, to assess the couple's capacity for safety as well as their willingness to change, and to offer direction and guidance for helpful change. Following a review of the research on psychological abuse (including emotional and verbal abuse), each of these areas is discussed.     

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Elderly People

Several therapies have been adapted for use with elderly people, including Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). These two therapies emphasize the importance of irrational or dysfunctional beliefs in the creation of emotional disturbance, and tend to use a number of cognitive, emotive, and behavioral methods of disputing and changing these beliefs for more functional ones. Some of the main therapeutic techniques used in REBT and CBT are presented in this paper.     

企业社会责任与社会公正

企业何以需要承担社会责任?企业承担社会责任的价值指归于何处?又如何能保持企业承担社会责任的持续后劲?诸如此类问题的思考和解决在本质上命系于社会公正或公正的社会环境。企业社会责任与社会公正是一个交融渗透、共生互动的德性共同体。     

Change in Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep in Behavior Therapy,Cognitive Therapy,and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia

As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, 188 participants were randomized to behavior therapy (BT), cognitive therapy (CT), or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for insomnia. The aims of this study were threefold: (a) to determine whether change in dysfunctional beliefs about sleep was related to change in sleep, insomnia symptoms, and impairment following treatment; (b) to determine whether BT, CT, and CBT differ in their effects on dysfunctional beliefs; and (c) to determine whether the treatments differ in their effects on particular kinds of dysfunctional beliefs. Beliefs, sleep, insomnia symptoms, and sleep-related psychosocial impairment were assessed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6- and 12-month follow-up. Greater change in dysfunctional beliefs occurring over the course of BT, CT, or CBT was associated with greater improvement in insomnia symptoms and impairment at posttreatment and both follow-ups. All groups experienced a significant decrease in dysfunctional beliefs during treatment, which were sustained through 6- and 12-month follow-up. Compared with the BT group, a greater proportion of participants in the CT and/or CBT groups endorsed dysfunctional beliefs below a level considered clinically significant at posttreatment and 12-month follow-up. The results demonstrate the importance of targeting dysfunctional beliefs in insomnia treatment, suggest that beliefs may be significantly modified with BT alone, and indicate that cognitive interventions may be particularly powerful in enhancing belief change.     

企业家的社会地位和社会责任

企业家是现代市场经济的主角,他们对社会物质文明的发展做出了巨大贡献,因而企业家在现代社会中具有较高的社会地位。这一地位同时也赋予了他们相应的发展经济、传播先进文化、促进社会道德水平提高的社会责任。     

上司不当督导对下属建言行为的影响及其作用机制

采用问卷调查法, 以广州、深圳、长沙以及青岛等地区企事业单位的504名员工为被试, 探讨了上司不当督导对下属建言行为的影响及其内在作用机制。结果表明: (1) 不当督导对促进性建言和抑制性建言均具有显著的负向影响; (2) 组织支持感在不当督导与促进性建言之间具有完全中介效应, 组织支持感和心理安全感在不当督导与抑制性建言之间起完全中介作用; (3) 上司地位知觉对不当督导与组织支持感的关系, 以及“不当督导→组织支持感→促进性建言”、“不当督导→组织支持感→抑制性建言”、“不当督导→心理安全感→抑制性建言”三个中介链的效应和不当督导对抑制性建言的总效应均具有显著的调节作用, 当下属知觉到的上司地位越高时, 上述关系及效应也越强。     

An Investigation of Abusive Supervision,Vicarious Abusive Supervision,and Their Joint Impacts

ABSTRACT

Recent work has begun to look at the impact of abusive supervision, a dysfunctional workplace behavior, on employee outcomes. This study extends this line of research by examining vicarious abusive supervision (abuse not directly experienced, but rumors about it or hearing about it, that is “experienced vicariously”). In particular, this research effort investigates whether vicarious abuse has effects above and beyond those accounted for by personally experienced abusive supervision on the outcomes of job frustration, coworker abuse, and perceived organizational support. Our sample is composed of 233 workers from a large variety of organizations. Results reveal that both personally experienced and vicarious abuse have negative impacts and these effects are heightened when both forms of abusive supervision are present. Practical and theoretical implications, as well as directions for future research, are offered.     

Reinhold Niebuhr's Paradox: Groundwork for Social Responsibility

This paper is an examination of Reinhold Niebuhr's embrace of the paradoxical in relation to his conception of the self. While it explores the theoretical and practical difficulties entailed in Niebuhr's account, it also seeks to defend his position, suggesting that in the light of Niebuhr's negative apologetic, the paradoxical self represents the only intelligible means of self–understanding available. Though Niebuhr never develops this epistemological ground, it may provide a way of avoiding the moral consequentialism to which Niebuhr appears to be resigned. The resulting framework points toward moral pragmatism, retaining its orientation and relevance in the midst of deliberations concerning means and ends.