《青少年心理健康素质调查表》应对分量表的编制

在应激和应对理论的基础上,确定了应对风格的理论模型,依此编制了青少年应对风格分量表。因素分析结果显示该量表由8个因子构成：注重问题情境的应对策略,注重情绪表达的应对策略,理智—合理化策略,针对情绪的身体策略,否认—压抑策略,躲避和求助策略,独自宣泄、忍耐和顺从策略和针对情绪的行为策略。青少年应对风格分量表具有比较理想的心理测量学特征,可以作为测评中国青少年应对风格的测量工具。     

当代大学生专业承诺与学习风格的研究

本研究采用自编的《大学生专业承诺量表》和修订的《学习风格检测表》,调查和分析了福州地区673名大学生的专业承诺和学习风格。结果为：我国大学生的专业承诺水平不是很高,在性别、年级、专业、学校类型上差异显著;不同性别、年级、专业、学校类型的大学生的学习风格基本没有显著差异,这表明我国大学生基本没形成适合所学专业的学习风格。     

偶像崇拜量表的修订及其理论模型的验证

对偶像崇拜量表进行修订获得较好的测量学指标,经探索性因素分析确定的量表条目为27个,得到五个维度分别命名为"娱乐社交"、"情感投射"、"完全认同"、"关系幻想"、"病理边缘",从低到高表示偶像崇拜的不同迷恋程度。经验证性因素分析,该结构具有良好的结构合理性和一致性,不同人口学背景被试共享该理论模型,模型的因素载荷一致性得到完全验证,题目截距一致性得到较大程度验证,可以用作测量青少年偶像崇拜有效工具。     

学习风格理论应用于教育心理学教学的尝试

学习风格理论应用于教育心理学教学的尝试谭顶良（南京师范大学教育系）０引言＿近一、二十年来,现代教育和心理学对个别差异的研究,除了关注学习者的智力和已有知识、成就动机和相应的个性特征以外,还特别重视学习者的学习风格。所谓学习风格,指学习者在长期的学习活...     

教师集体效能量表的修订

本文以我国小学教师为被试就R.D.Goddard, W.K.Hoy & W.A.Hoy(2000)编制的教师集体效能量表进行了修订。修订结果表明:与Goddard原始的问卷相同,修订后原始版和减缩版的量表都具有单一的因素结构;修订后的量表具有较好的信效度指标,可以用作测量我国教师集体效能的有效工具;最后作者就本研究存在的局限性进行了讨论。     

中小学教师教学自主权量表的修订

研究选取1222名中小学教师,针对Pearson和Hall(1993)编制的教学自主权量表进行修订。通过验证性因素分析,发现修订后的量表与原量表结构一致,包括课程自主和一般教学自主两个因素。修订后的量表具有良好的信度和效度指标,是一个有价值的测量教学自主权的研究工具。     

情绪取向理论建构及实证

该研究尝试用一种新的视角一取向研究视角,对以往情绪理论进行整合研究,建构一种与社会情境结合更紧密,更具概括性的情绪取向理论.情绪取向理论的假设建构模型包括四个维度:理性取向、感性取向、积极取向和消极取向.根据理论模型编制情绪取向量表,以779名被试为研究对象,运用探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析方法对该理论模型进行实证研究.结果证明了该理论建构的存在,理论建构中各维度的因素负荷和拟合指数良好,情绪取向量表具有良好的信度和建构效度.     

中学生思维风格结构及其测量

本研究在文献分析和开放调查的基础上,构建了中学生思维风格的理论结构,并据此编制了中学生思维风格量表。对测量结果进行探索性和验证性因素分析表明:思维风格是一个单一维度的整体-分析型结构,它包括两个呈两极连续性的整体和分析因素,可以用来说明复杂多样的具体思维风格类型。     

注意缺损多动障碍量表的编制

 本研究在综合国内外有关儿童行为问题的测量问卷的基础上,编制了适合我国小学生特点的《儿童注意缺损多动障碍量表》。经过预测后的修订,组成正式量表。共计34个题目,施测于5所普通小学1-6年级的433名被试。因素分析结果验证了本量表五个因子的存在,即:注意力缺损、多动、冲动、唤醒不足、角色管理失控行为,从而验证了最初的结构预想。本研究着重考察了该量表的信度和效度:其中总量表与各分量表的同质性信度在.9202-.9448之间,总量表的再测信度为.8902。对量表结构效度和实证效度的检验也取得了令人满意的结果。     

文化对个体风险感知的影响:文化认知理论的解释

文化认知理论旨在从个体层面研究与文化因素相关的个体风险感知差异。它以"格-群"维度划分文化世界观,"格"维度衡量社会的制度化程度,"群"维度衡量社会群体对个体的影响程度,由此编制文化认知量表以测量个体文化理念差异。目前已验证认同保护认知、偏见同化与群体极化、文化易得性、文化可信性、文化认同确认五种作用机制,并在情感启发式研究的基础上引入文化冲突模因作为中介变量建立理论模型。后续研究可推进文化认知测量工具的跨文化检验与本土化修订,并在具体风险主题研究的基础上探索切实可行的公共风险管理对策。     

A quantitative theory of the concept identification processes in the Hull paradigm

A model of concept identification and paired-associate learning processes as they occur in a concept acquisition paradigm developed by Hull was derived from a cue selection theory of learning. The model predicts that paired-associate learning occurs in an all-or-none manner and that concept identification leads to all-or-none transfer. Both predictions were confirmed.     

刺激-反应相容性的度量与运用

为了度量刺激－反应相容性的程度、预测汉字标准键盘编码输入法的易学性,根据Ｓ－Ｒ相容性中群体模板的定义,提出了相容性系数的概念及其计算方法,总结出运用相容性系数的值预测汉字标准键盘编码输入法易学性的方法。并通过实验室实验和实际测量对上述结果进行了验证     

汉语句子格角色分配的一种神经网络方法

提出了一个基于分布式表征的计算模型,通过并行分布加工方式完成六类汉语句子的格角色分配任务。模型是一个四层的前传网络,包括输入层（词的分布式表征层）,两个隐层,输出层（格角色层）;其中第一隐层的一部分反馈到输入层。模型采用误差反传算法,通过提供学习样本和目标输出,不断调整三个权值矩阵,使得网络稳定时能得到正确的结果。经过训练后的网络具有一定的稳定性和鲁棒性。还对这种方法与传统的符号处理方法作了比较和分析。     

Sex-Appropriate Behavior in Adolescence

The differential incentive values of verbal stimuli were tested, under conditions of high and low verbal reinforcement, by a paired associate learning task with 40 fifth-grade boys. Stimuli were preference scaled occupational roles and CVC trigrams, with correct recognitions of trigrams on test trials reinforced by evaluative words. The main hypothesis of superiority of high preference items in effecting acquisition was confirmed by backward learning curves and analysis of variance (p < .005). Verbal reinforcement level showed no reliable effect on acquisition. The determination of order of acquisition in learning by incentive values was interpreted by attention theory and the two-link model.     

A model for mastery learning based on dynamic equilibrium theory

A theoretical model is developed based on dynamic equilibrium theory, which suggests a quantitative explanation for the basic idea in mastery learning that individuals of different aptitude reacting in an ideal environment to the same total quantity of material will ultimately reach the same mastery status, or gain equal increments of status starting from the same base, in time spans inversely proportional to the aptitude. The approach incorporates two widely used mechanisms, one for growth in learning and intelligence and one for loss through forgetting, into a single model that treats acquisition and loss as opposing, but simultaneously occuring processes. Operational definitions for acquisition and loss rate constants that would enable the model to account exactly for the basic assumption of mastery learning and at the same time yield a growth pattern identical to that implicit in the Stanford Binet ratio IQ are identified. An analysis of the extent to which the requirements of the model are confirmed by the available experimental evidence reveals that the basic idea of mastery learning is a useful and convenient approximation, which applies with some validity to the growth of mental ability as well as to the growth in school achievement.     

Phase-oscillator computations as neural models of stimulus–response conditioning and response selection

The activity of collections of synchronizing neurons can be represented by weakly coupled nonlinear phase oscillators satisfying Kuramoto’s equations. In this article, we build such neural-oscillator models, partly based on neurophysiological evidence, to represent approximately the learning behavior predicted and confirmed in three experiments by well-known stochastic learning models of behavioral stimulus–response theory. We use three Kuramoto oscillators to model a continuum of responses, and we provide detailed numerical simulations and analysis of the three-oscillator Kuramoto problem, including an analysis of the stability points for different coupling conditions. We show that the oscillator simulation data are well-matched to the behavioral data of the three experiments.     

大学生自主学习量表的编制

在Zimmerman自主学习理论基础上,根据我国大学生学习的实际情况编制了大学生自主学习问卷,通过因素分析发现,其中学习动机分量表可以提取6个因子:学习自我效能感、内在目标、学习控制感、外在目标、学习意义感、学习焦虑,学习策略分量表可以提取6个因子:一般方法、学习求助、学习计划安排、学习总结、学习评价、学习管理。对问卷进行的信度、效度检验结果表明,该量表具有较好的信度、效度指标。     

Career adaptability,calling and the professional competence of social work students in China: A career construction perspective

Based on career construction theory, the current research examined individual and contextual predictors for the professional competence of Chinese undergraduates majoring in social work (N = 270). Results showed that career concern and career curiosity predicted social work students' professional competence, with these relations mediated by the calling in social work. It was also found that the positive effect of calling on professional competence was stronger among students who perceived a lower level of career-oriented learning environment. The corresponding moderated mediation model was supported such that the indirect effects of career concern and career curiosity on professional competence were stronger among students who perceived a lower level of career-oriented learning environment. These findings carry implications for research on career construction theory, as well as career education and career counseling practices.     

大学生学习体验与学习结果的关系：学生投入的中介作用

选取3063名大学二年级本科生（平均年龄19.76 ± 0.73岁）为被试,考察大学生投入在学习体验（课堂学习体验和课外学习体验）和学习结果（学业成就、共通能力和学习满意度）间的中介作用。结果发现：（1）大学生投入在学习体验和学业成就间起部分中介作用;（2）大学生投入在学习体验和共通能力间起完全中介作用;（3）大学生投入在学习体验和满意度间起部分中介作用。     

关于学习环模式的研究综述

学习环模式是一种有效的科学学习与教学模式。西方科学教育工作者对此做了大量研究,取得了丰硕成果。本文综述了学习环模式的理论基础、基本结构与发展。这一模式对于我国当前中小学科学课程设计和探究性学习的开展有一定的借鉴意义。