Psychologische Analysen hirnpathologischer Fälle auf Grund von Untersuchungen Hirnverletzter

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Erfolg,Ausdauer und Aktivität beim Säugling und Kleinkind

Psychological Research -     

Strukturniveau,Abwehr und Merkmale von Träumen

Attempts were made early on to associate certain human characteristics with dreams. The psychoanalytical notion of structure encompasses a fully differentiated construct, which in particular is characterized by basic mental capabilities. The structural level of a person derived from this reflects their ability for communicative exchange and dealing with themselves as well as with social partners.Within the framework of the project “Affectivity, relationship and mental disorder” operationalized psychodynamic diagnostic (OPD) interviews were carried out, from which the reports of dreams were evaluated for this investigation using the dream generation model of Moser and von Zeppelin. The aim was to investigate associations between features of dreams and the structural level. A total of four different indicators of structure were investigated, e.g. number of personality disorders, OPD-2 structural level, inventory of personality organization (IPO) and the defence maturity quotient, with reference to the association with dream characteristics according to Moser and von Zeppelin.In this investigation only a few associations between dream characteristics and structural level could be identified. The clearest was the association between the degree of maturity of defence and the dream characteristics. Dreams from persons with a more mature defence appeared more complex and livelier. Dreams from persons with a good structural integration according to OPD-2 are also characterized by more “animation” than dreams from less structured persons. The dreams from persons with a moderate structural level do not show any significant differences to those with low structural integration.The results are first and foremost critically discussed with reference to the methods.     

Täuschungsstrategien von Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen

Criteria-Based Content Analysis (22) is part of the Statement Validity Assessment (SVA), a method used for assessing the credibility of witness’ statements. CBCA relies on two assumptions, one referring to the cognitive strain of inventing a complex false declaration, the other being related to self presentation as a competent, reliable and truthful person by avoiding potentially “damaging” contents. When evalutating statements, forensic experts take into account that cognitive capacity - and thus potential content quality of a false declaration - increases with age. On the other hand there is no empirical evidence for an improvement of deceptive self-presentation strategies so far. Recent studies on content-related deceptive strategies with children and adults support the assumption that children as well as adults do apply specific deception strategies. Due to methodological differences, however, a direct comparison between these studies to obtain results on possible age effects has not been possible. The aim of this study was to investigate whether children, adolescents and adults differ in the content-related deceptive strategies they apply. Children (n = 48), adolescents (n = 73) and adults (n = 50) were given an age appropriate standardized questionnaire about their content-related deception strategies. Results show age differences in the strategic value assigned to certain content characteristics.     

Lebensqualität von ärztlichen und psychologischen Psychotherapeuten

In a large empirical cross-sectional study the quality of life of medical and psychological psychotherapists ( n =71, respectively n =103) was examined as well as the influence of the different therapeutic methods used. Instruments used were the Questionnaire on Quality of Life of Physicians (Reimer and Jurkat 2003) respectively the Questionnaire on Quality of Life of Psychologists (Jurkat and Reimer 2003) as well as the SF-36 Health Survey (Bullinger and Kirchberger 1998). The majority of participants in both samples are satisfied with their life. Psychological psychotherapists are comparatively more content with their work situation and judge their own health more positively than their medical colleagues do. Both groups feel their income situation to be a loss in quality of life. A common fear is an even greater bureaucratic burden and financial deterioration. Thus it seems that psychohygienic measures and secure job perspectives may contribute to raising the quality of life of psychotherapists.     

Einzelbeiträge zur Frage nach dem phylogenetischen Parallelismus auf dem Gebiet der Zahl- und Raumentwicklung bei Kindern und Primitiven

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Bemerkungen zur Interpretation,Bestätigung und Progressivität der frühen Matrizenmechanik

Remarks on Interpretation, Confirmation and Progressiveness of Early Matrix Mechanics. Our note discusses a case study in view of questions of theory-choice. We examine the extent to which the first complete, consistent exposition of matrix mechanics in 1925 can be claimed to be reasonably confirmed, well interpreted and fruitful. Various strategies, by means of deductions and otherwise, by Born, Jordan and Heisenberg to establish these claims are critically assessed. It is shown that the outcome of the Bothe-Geiger experiment does not represent a direct confirmation of the theory. Finally we pose the question of progressiveness and argue for a low over-all problem-solving effectiveness.     

Die Bedeutung von “Figur” und “Grund” für bie unveränderter Schwarzinduktion bestimmte Helligkeitsschwellen

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Über einen Apparat zur Messung von Tonintensitäten

Zusammenfassung Ein empfindlicher Intensit?tsmesser für T?ne wird beschrieben. Er gestattet, in einfacher Weise das Verh?ltnis der Amplituden von T?nen gleicher H?he zu bestimmen und die St?rke eines einzelnen Tones innerhalb eines Klanges festzustellen. Die Apparatur wurde, au?er für die folgenden Versuche über die Wirkung von Interferenzr?hren auf die Tonintensit?t, bereits von anderer Seite bei Versuchen über die Unterschiedsempfindlichkeit für Tonintensit?ten und vonM. Eberhardt bei ihren Untersuchungen über die subjektive Intensit?t herausgeh?rter Teilt?ne (dieses Heft S. 346 ff.) verwendet. Mit 7 Textabbildungen.     

Erklärung des Liebmann-Effektes und gewisser Versuchsresultate von Koffka und Harrower

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Über räumliche Wirkungen von Licht und Schatten

Ohne Zusammenfassung Mit 18 Textabbildungen