中国心理学会第八届、第九届全国心理学学术会议论文的研究报告

文献计量的方法在分析一门学科或学科领域的发展特点时是一种很有效的手段。其结果不仅可以发现该学科在一定时期动态发展概貌．而且还能预测和引导该学科未来的研究取向。本文采用这种方法对中国心理学会1997年第八届年会(苏州)和2001年第九届年会(广州)出版的论文集中摘要论文和无摘要只有题目论文进行了统计比较，所用指标包括论文分类、作者分布和研究方法三个方面；同时．还从基础研究和应用研究两个维度进行了分析。     

第八届逻辑与认知国际会议报道

由中山大学逻辑与认知研究所主办的逻辑与认知国际研讨会自2001年开始每年举办一次,内容涉及逻辑学、计算机科学、数学、认知科学和哲学,共同的目的在于发展中国的逻辑学研究及促进中国与国外逻辑学家的交流与合作。第八届逻辑与认知国际研讨会于2009年11月2日至4日在广州举行,由中山大学逻辑与认知研究所与澳大利亚墨尔本大学哲学系联合主办。本次会议邀请了来自澳大利亚、新西兰、日本、印度、中国香港、中国台湾和中国大陆的学者。会议录用了13篇论文作为发言稿,其中5篇特邀发言分别来自Edwin Mares、Greg Restall、Hiroakira Ono、Mark Reynoldsand、Mihir Chakraborty。会议内容涵盖了证明论、逻辑与代数、博弈论、语言学和哲学逻辑。例如Greg Restall的论文从确证与否证的角度来理解证明,并且考察这样的观点如何影响对证明结构及证明论的理解。在逻辑与代数的主题上,Hiroakira Ono教授着眼于在保持无穷交并下的代数完全性。哲学逻辑方面的论文有时态逻辑、信念逻辑、动态逻辑、条件句逻辑、模糊逻辑等。博弈论方面有对偏逻辑的博弈语义的考察。另外还有对论证理论的形式模型探讨。会议受到了与会者的高度肯定,为加强亚太地区逻辑学的交流与合作提供了一个很好的平台。会议主委会包括鞠实儿教授、Greg Restall、Hiroakira Ono和Mihir Chakraborty教授一致认为这样的合作与交流应该继续深入下去。期待在不久的将来可以建立起所谓的亚太逻辑研究圈,从而更好地推进逻辑学在亚太地区的发展。     

创造力研究的新领域:合作创造力

创造力研究已经从重视个体创造力逐渐走向重视具有复杂互动功能的合作创造力。本文首先论述了合作创造力研究的产生及特点,然后总结了合作创造领域目前研究的主要问题,如个体与群体同一性、个体与群体动机以及有助于创造的个体及环境因素,并指出合作创造力研究领域需要解决的问题,认为应在重视合作创造过程与机制研究的基础上,建构系统的合作创造力理论,同时注重研究合作创造力的支持环境与支持技术,并且发展出合作创造力的评估体系。     

The Qatar Creativity Conference: Research and Recommendations for School,Family, and Society1

A conference on creativity and its development was held at the University of Qatar in Doha, drawing approximately 75 participants from various Arab universities plus two American speakers. Research and theoretical papers focused on models of creativity development, factors related to strengthening and measuring creative abilities, the role of the family and educational and social institutions, and fostering creative development in educational technology, arts education, and physical education. Reports and discussions also considered obstacles to creative development in Arab settings. In addition, participants itemized recommendations in the areas of creativity in general, the schools, the family, and society. The present authors noted potential difficulties related to language differences, the role of women, and frequently-mentioned authoritarian teaching practices, plus a current opportunity for Arab creativity research related to recent worldwide media influence.     

Training Creativity in Adolescence: A Discussion of Strategy*

Contemporary psychologists are beginning to do more than identify those traits characteristic of creative adolescents, for while a trait approach to creativity is indeed informative, it fails to suggest precisely how creativity may be enhanced. In the following paper, Davis suggests that creativity profitably may be conceptualized as consisting mainly of three trainable components, (1) appropriate creative attitudes, the most critical of which is a favorable attitude toward highly imaginative problem solutions, (2) various cognitive abilities which facilitate whatever mental abstracting, combining, perceiving, associating, filling in gaps, etc., contribute to the fluent production of original ideas, and (3) techniques for the conscious and systematic production of new combinations of ideas. Further, by incorporating many concepts and principles from this three-part model, Davis describes a novel program for developing creativity in adolescents.     

Community-based Research and Technoscience Activism: A Report on the Living Knowledge 3 Conference

New medical imaging technologies enable the production of photos of human cells that are magnified to make them visible to the eye. Such cellular images have gained aesthetic as well as dramatic appeal, as they have moved out of the laboratories and become available for the public. At this stage, they are refashioned to reveal matters more clearly and pedagogically. Organic matter that might be confusing to the audience is removed and colours added to distinguish various aspects—but despite such manipulations, the result appears as images of real human cells, making them different from drawings and models. One example of this is the website of a Norwegian governmental organization for information on biotechnology and bioethics which displays images of egg and sperm cells related to techniques of assisted reproduction. These images represent cells as autonomous and independent of human gendered bodies. The process whereby cells culturally become detached and disassociated from human bodies is here referred to as a process of entification whereby the cells reappear as detachable, usable entities.     

The Notion of Creativity Revisited: A Philosophical Perspective on Creativity Research

This article is a critical, yet constructive, review of some recent attempts to define and understand creativity, informed by the methods and debates of contemporary philosophy. I argue that the definitional project is not essential to creativity research, but important nevertheless. The standard definition of creativity as the production of something that is both novel and appropriate is on the right track, but needs further qualification and tends to be elaborated in ways that make it either too narrow or too broad. I argue that the product, and not the person or process, should be viewed as the primary bearer of creativity and criticize some influential theorists for making creativity too strongly dependent on social acceptance, while also recognizing that the realist alternative tends to widen, and thus threatens to trivialize, the central notion of an appropriate product. The notion of response‐dependence might be of some help to find the proper balance between the two extremes, and some comparisons with evolutionary theory also help to shed further light on the problem. Finally, I try to spell out the practical consequences of my investigation for creativity research.     

在五台山佛教文化国际学术会议上的主题报告

各位领导、各位专家、各位法师、同志们、女士们、朋友们 :在气候凉爽的文殊圣境 ,在五台山佛教文化旅游的黄金季节 ,我们酝酿已久的五台山佛教文化国际学术会议 ,与五台山第十三届国际旅游月同步 ,隆重开幕了 !参加本次会议的 ,有山西省委常委、宣传部长申维辰同志 ;有五台山研究会特邀顾问、北京图书馆馆长、研究员任继愈先生等顾问 ;有来自日本的小岛岱山、中原良辨先生 ,来自台湾中华佛学研究所的李志夫先生、台湾佛光山的满果法师 ;来自香港九龙塘香港城市大学的刘卫林先生 ;有来自全国 6个省市的社科院和 30余所高等院校及科研单位的 …