论元代道教与文人画审美精神

一元代道教盛行,文人们多受其影响,有的还加入了道教。元代也是文人画兴盛的时代,文人画经过魏晋南北朝、唐宋的发展终于确立了在画坛上的主流地位。元代文人画的重要代表人物与道教的密切关系,表明文人画与道教的兴盛有共同的时代因素和内在的精神联系。     

通俗化与普及化:元代理学伦理思想研究的新视角——陈谷嘉教授《元代理学伦理思想研究》析评

相较于宋明理学,元代理学的研究往往只是附带。全祖望在《宋元学案卷首.序录》中指出:"关、洛陷于完颜,百年不闻学统,其亦可叹也。"(黄宗羲、全祖望:《宋元学案》,中华书局,1986年,第18页)整部《宋元学案》,属两宋的有九十四个学案,而元朝仅占其中六个学     

失匹配负波研究的主要争论与动向

失匹配负波(MMN)是小概率刺激ERP减大概率刺激ERP的差异负波,可由Oddball范式和多特征选择范式获得。近年研究发现MMN不仅存在于听觉通道,还存在于其他通道,且其波幅可反映自动加工,潜伏期则可反映控制加工。MMN可能反映与错误负波ERN相同或相似的加工过程,MMN反映社会认知加工的观点还需进一步研究。未来研究需整合高时间和空间精度技术,从行为和认知神经科学多层面来开展复杂社会刺激的研究,以便阐明MMN可能反映社会认知加工的性质,并在此基础上增强对MMN与ERN的比较研究。     

The role of verbal behavior in the establishment of comparative relations

Twelve college students received conditional discrimination training with nonarbitrary and arbitrary stimuli, and derived comparative and transformation of function tests with a think-aloud condition across 2 experiments. Participants who failed these tests received remedial verbal operant training. Four control participants received verbal operant training alone. Across both experiments, only 1 participant passed the derived comparative test after conditional discrimination training. However, all participants passed derived comparative tests and 11 out of 12 participants passed transformation of function tests following verbal operant training, including the 4 control participants. Participants who passed derived comparative tests engaged in a high percentage of correct vocalizations during the think-aloud condition, while participants who failed did not. These results suggest that mediating verbal behavior could have played a crucial role in participants' responses during derived stimulus relations tests.     

Evaluating the performance of departments of psychotherapy

Conceptual and practical issues which surround attempts at assessing the efficiency of psychotherapy departments are surveyed and the advantages and disadvantages associated with performance indicators reviewed. The issues of assessing efficiency in general and the selection of appropriate indicators at both national and local levels are discussed. It is concluded that it is possible to find indicators which reflect the value of a psychotherapeutic service to the community within which it is based, and that the identification of a generally agreed set of such parameters is a matter of priority.     

The importance of multiple exemplar instruction in the establishment of novel verbal behavior

According to traditional linguistic accounts language, and its generative nature, cannot be taught. From a behavior analytic perspective, language is like any other behavior; it is learned and amenable to change. Based upon Skinner's radical behavioral analysis of verbal behavior, specific procedures have been designed to promote novel verbal relations. However, despite the strength and utility of this approach, using behavioral principles to understand the generativity of language has been challenging. Dependent upon the specific theory (e.g., stimulus equivalence, relational frame theory, bidirectional naming) within the radical behavioral orientation, researchers arrange unique procedures to evaluate the variables responsible for this phenomenon. This paper presents the commonalities and differences of two procedures (i.e., multiple exemplar training, multiple exemplar instruction) with examples of research highlighting the use of both in producing generativity. Further, it describes how multiple exemplar instruction is independent from other procedures leading to this outcome, and concludes by providing recommendations for both research and practice.     

余立峰，把快乐创意建在设计探索上

China is booming,在这种大环境之下我们已经埋头在大规模粗糙生产的路上走了很久,然而一直有那么一群人始终坚持着用心去做些精致的东西,保持一种优雅的姿势,设置出不那么拥挤的状态,留出一个从容的笑脸,这些人就是华人设计师们。     

Men and women are different—official

A number of topics connected with the problem of men's consciousness are discussed: the inexpressive male; the attachment to answers; the problem of the male ego; nagging; and intimacy. A case is made out that men need to pay much more attention to these matters than they do at present. This is true both in the field of personal relationships and also in the larger field of relationship to the planet