消化性溃疡研究的若干进展

消化性溃疡是世界性人类消化系统中常见病之一。随着人们对本病广泛而深入的研究,在基础和临床方面都取得突破性进展。在消化性溃疡发病机制中,由于H.Pylori的发现,使这古老的疾病,赋予了现代的概念,并使得消化性溃疡的治疗发生了重大的变革。目前已有多种H2-RA、PPI类药物治疗消化性溃疡,但其高复发率仍待解决。为提高溃疡愈合质量(Quality of ulcer healing),黏膜保护剂的研发和应用方兴未艾。从分子机制探讨消化性溃疡的病因,人们已发现一些与之相关的基因。相信基因疗法将为治疗消化性溃疡带来飞跃性的发展,应用相关基因编码产物,有望从根本上治愈消化性溃疡。     

Progress in machine consciousness

This paper is a review of the work that has been carried out on machine consciousness. A clear overview of this diverse field is achieved by breaking machine consciousness down into four different areas, which are used to understand its aims, discuss its relationship with other subjects and outline the work that has been carried out so far. The criticisms that have been made against machine consciousness are also covered, along with its potential benefits, and the work that has been done on analysing systems for signs of consciousness. Some of the social and ethical issues raised by machine consciousness are examined at the end of the paper.     

A Work in Progress

After expressing gratitude to each contributor, and briefly commenting on each, I probe several main themes of my work, addressing the question of the apparent difference between my earlier philosophical and later clinical writings. Central to both is the reflexivity of the human agent, and that each exhibits a form of practice regardless of the specific aims embedded in each. I then address the theme of narrative writing as my work has developed over the past several decades – at the heart of which are questions of self and integrity.     

Progress

Pastoral Psychology -     

蛋白质组学发展的思考

1　蛋白质组研究的必要性与艰难性首先 ,目前基因组研究的策略虽然能从基因转录的水平 ,即ｍＲＮＡ水平来说明一种蛋白质表达所须启动的基因状况 ,从而在程度上反映蛋白质水平。但事实上 ,一种基因并不仅仅对应于一种蛋白质 ,而可为几个 ,甚至几十个 ,因为大多数ｍＲＮＡ只能编码蛋白质的前体蛋白 ,后者在不同的时间、空间 ,经过特定地剪切、加工、修饰、折叠、转运、定位等 ,才能成为一个有正常功能的蛋白质。这些过程中的任何一个步骤发生微细的差错即可导致异常蛋白质的产生和疾病。而基因是不能完全决定这样复杂的蛋白质后期活动的。其…     

人员选拔研究的新进展

本文在大量的文献基础上,从三个方面介绍了近十余年来人员选拔的新进展：预测源内容和过程研究、新兴选拔模式和内容研究、选拔有效性研究。从中可以看到人员选拔的以下几个特点：①在选拔模式和内容上．人员选拔突破了传统的框架;②选拔有效性原因研究受到重视;⑧团队成员选拔,跨文化选拔成为选拔研究的新热点．并获得了有价值的研究成果。     

心理辅导的新进展

心理辅导是八十年代从西方引入我国的一门心理学应用学科与服务工作。辅导的英文是ｃｏｕｎｓｅｌｉｎｇ,我国内地译作咨询 ,台湾译为咨商 ,香港译为辅导。笔者经过多年揣摩和实践 ,觉得香港的译法更好。心理辅导在发达国家已有近百年的历史 ,近年来出现了一些新的发展趋势和苗头。在此仅就个人阅历所及 ,择其要者做一概括介绍。因心理辅导与心理治疗 (ｐｓｙｃｈｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ)关系十分密切 ,本文所列各项进展同样适用于心理治疗。1　方法兼容 ,打破学派分立的局面　　在心理学短短百余年的历史中 ,学派林立 ,百家争鸣 ,对心理辅导理论…     

组织心理学的新进展

本文在大量的国内外文献的基础上 ,从六个方面系统地介绍了近十年来组织管理心理学的新进展 :激励问题研究、团队研究研究、领导行为研究、管理决策研究、组织文化研究、管理的跨文化研究。从中我们可以看到以下几个特点 :1从个体理论向整体组织理论扩展。 2在理论发展上 ,重视吸收认知心理学的研究成果。3在学科体系方面 ,更强调组织的动力学和人力资源的系统开发。4在研究领域方面 ,组织心理学也突破了传统的框架。工作业绩评估、管理决策、组织气氛和组织文化以及跨文化的比较研究 ,已成为组织心理学中的热门领域 ,共获得了有价值的研究成果。     

消化性溃疡研究的若干进展

消化性溃疡是世界性人类消化系统中常见病之一.随着人们对本病广泛而深入的研究,在基础和临床方面都取得突破性进展.在消化性溃疡发病机制中,由于H.Pylori的发现,使这古老的疾病,赋予了现代的概念,并使得消化性溃疡的治疗发生了重大的变革.目前已有多种H2-RA、PPJ粪药物治疗消化性溃疡,但其高复发率仍待解决.为提高渍疡愈合质量(Quality of ulcer healing),黏膜保护剂的研发和应用方兴未艾.从分子机制探讨消化性溃疡的病因,人们已发现一些与之相关的基因.相信基因疗法将为治疗消化性溃疡带来飞跃性的发展,应用相关基因编码产物,有望从根本上治愈消化性溃疡.     

科学促进道德进步

眼下,针对官腐败、道德滑坡的社会现实,人 们呼吁要架构新的社会道德体系,以保障社会主义 市场经济体制改革和小康社会建设的顺利进行。这 本来是针对时弊、意在振兴、利国利民的高尚之举, 是符合人民需要和国家长远发展要求的基础建设, 值得大力提倡,但在如何架构新的社会道德体系上, 却存在截然不同的态度。其中,一种错误的认识认 为,我国目前存在种种不如人意的现象,主要归因 于无神论。认为: "彻底的唯物主义使人无所畏惧,     

Progress in Nurturing Human Well-Being

Substantial evidence in the behavioral and social sciences has accrued in support of numerous intervention programs and policies bearing on improving the lives of children and families. To this end, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review features a special journal issue on “Evolving Toward a More Nurturing Society.” The field has achieved numerous advances regarding how to create and promote nurturing environments that foster successful development and prevent psychological and behavioral problems in children and youth. Such advances cut across multiple strategies (e.g., programs and interventions, practices, and public policies), settings (e.g., family, school including preschool and K-12, service sectors, community), domains (e.g., behavioral health, parenting, cognitive and academic functioning, nutrition, physical activity, obesity, safety, and many other domains), and developmental periods of childhood. The special journal issue showcases a sampling of strategies and domains relevant to producing optimal conditions of nurturance for children and families.     

语篇中代词指代的研究进展

代词的指代在语篇局部连贯性中具有关键作用。中心理论是代词指称中的重要理论,它解释了语篇中代词的分布规律;注意驱动理论是在中心理沦的基础上结合重音预设解释重音或非重音代词。影响代词指称的因素有语义因素和结构因素。对代词的认知研究另一方面主要集中在对歧义代词的解释．对歧义代词的解释的研究一方面采用重复姓名不利实验范式,另一方面的研究采用的研究方法是探测词任务。在汉语中对代词的研究主要是对文本语篇的研究。     

心理神经免疫学的新进展

心理因素对免疫的影响已经引起了研究者的特别关注。近两年心理神经免疫学研究会((Psychoneuroimmunology esearch ociety)每年召开一次世界性心理神经免疫学学术年会,而且在Entrez-PubMed和BioMedNet中,1985-2001年标题中含有psychoneuroimmunology的文章分别有130篇和131篇,文字中含有psychoneuroimmunology的文章有605篇,这些足见免疫学界对心理神经免疫问题的重视。     

Progress and tradition in medieval Ashkenaz

Intellectual historians have identified differing attitudes toward the notion of progress among the churchmen of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries in western Europe. The present study aims to trace the views of rabbinic figures in medieval Ashkenaz during this period. Tosafists such as Isaiah di Trani, Samson of Sens, and Asher b. Yehiel felt that subsequent teachers and decisors could progress beyond the formulations and rulings of their predecessors, while Rashi and Rashbam believed that progress within the post-Talmudic period, at least with respect to legal rulings, was virtually impossible. At the same time, there was a consensus that the spirituality of earlier generations was greater, and that certain prerogatives in ritual matters which were accepted in the earlier period were no longer valid. As in the Christian world, those who were partisans of progress were criticized by others for their stance. Within the Sefardic orbit, Maimonides was virtually alone in his view that the ``decline of the generations' was not an inexorable process. Those Tosafists who agreed with this position were his nearest contemporary allies. The application of dialectic by the Tosafists to justify existing Ashkenazic practices that appeared to be contrary to Talmudic law parallels the activities of canon lawyers, as do their efforts to deal with new technologies. Even the more conservative group of Ashkenazic rabbinic thinkers looked upon the idea of newness itself quite favorably. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

毕生发展心理学的新进展

毕生发展心理学是近年来比较活跃的心理学研究领域。本文主要综述了它在理论和实践上的新进展。理论分析首先提出了生物和文化共同进化的毕生发展总体框架,接着在此框架下阐述了带有补偿的选择性最优化理论。然后,以智力发展和才智的实证研究来支持毕生发展的理论,并对该领域的新发展作了简要评价。     

国外临床决策研究进展（上）

2004年～2010年国际医学决策学会年会,提出许多与临床相关的决策问题,其中包括健康经济学与成本效益分析,临床方法学研究进展,医患双方的临床决策选择,公共卫生服务研究和诊疗策略的关系,临床策略与治疗指南,高新技术与适宜技术等。本文就以上问题,尤其是临床决策研究热点,对国外临床决策研究进展进行总结、探讨和评价,为临床应...     

社会胜任力理论研究进展

从社会胜任力的起源出发,文章探讨了情绪智力、社会智力、情绪胜任力与社会胜任力之间的关系．在总结以往研究的基础上,提出了未来研究中值得进一步探讨的问题。