《毛泽东集》的编辑局限——以第二版第一卷为例

竹内实主持编篡的《毛泽东集》因努力恢复1949年前毛泽东文献原貌,而得到学界的广泛赞誉。但比较该文集第二版第一卷录文与相应初刊本可知,其仍然存在标点、文字和历史语境三方面的编辑局限。标点和文字方面,或者出于编者自身主观判断,或者由于所选底本不精善,最终录文与初刊本有所出入,造成部分历史信息甚至文意的丢失。此外,《毛泽东集》还保留了底本在历史语境的作用下而对文献内容的删改,此即历史语境造成的编辑局限。造成上述局限的主要原因在于底本与初刊本关系的不统一,次要原因则是编辑标准的不一致。这种不统一和不一致最终造成《毛泽东集》录文与毛泽东文献原貌之间存在不统一性,使之未能完美达成竹内实恢复文献原真性的初衷。就此,学界在利用《毛泽东集》时,需要保持警惕和批判性态度。     

再读《纯粹理性批判》第二版序言

《纯粹理性批判》“第二版序言”写于 1 787年 ,它是康德针对该书首版后所引起的诸种批评和讨论的回应 ,与“第一版序言”相比它针对性更强 ,所讨论的问题也更加明确深入。可以说 ,“第二版序言”不仅是整本书的“序言” ,在某种程度上它甚至可以被视为是整个康德哲学的总纲。康德从理性领域中的知识如何能够踏上一条可靠的道路的问题入手 ,借鉴了逻辑学、数学和物理学的发展 ,提出在形而上学领域中进行一场思维方式的变革的重要性。从这篇序言中 ,我们不仅可以了解到康德所反对和批判的形而上学 ,以及他做出如是批判的理由 ,而且还能认识到…     

《纯粹理性批判》第二版先验演绎读解

范畴的先验演绎是《纯粹理性批判》中最重要、最难懂的部分,也是在第二版中作了最大修改的部分.本文将从三个方面对第二版先验演绎给予解释性的说明,一说明了先验演绎的内涵、必要性及其困难;二阐述了先验演绎的展开,分析了先验统觉是综合的统一性与分析的统一性同一的根据,还有先验统觉如何借助于先验想象力从而使得认识成可能;三提出先验演绎带给我们的启示和留给我们困难.     

Ibsen's truth, family secrets, and family therapy

In certain Ibsen plays a character (would-be family therapist) enters during a crisis revolving around family secrets. Taking two such plays as models, this paper examines family processes and clinical issues surrounding secrets and myths. In Ghosts, Ibsen demonstrates the tragic foreclosure visited upon the Alvings' lives by a generation of secrecy. For contrast, in The Wild Duck the would-be reformer Gregers brings out the truth, to expose and correct consequences of his father's past machinations. The biographical roots of Ibsen's obsession with truth and illusion are explored. Lastly, the notion that Ibsen and early family therapist were reformers is viewed in historical perspective.     

Personhood,culture and family therapy

This paper argues that ideas about personhood and relationships vary cross-culturally and that although it is not always obvious or easy to discover, this variation is particularly salient to family therapy. This argument is supported by a dual definition of culture emphasizing both continuity of cultural themes (generative aspect) and the reconstitution, redefinition and change of such themes through interaction and communication (interactive aspect). The effectiveness of interventions which are isomorphic with ideas which families themselves hold about personhood is demonstrated through work with two families, one Punjabi and one Bangladeshi.     

Art therapy in transcultural family therapy

The increased existence of foreign culture patterns in the child population calls for transcultural comprehension in child psychiatry. This case report describes transcultural aspects in the therapy of an 11 year-old Moslem girl admitted to a child psychiatric department. Her symptoms were abdominal pain, headache, anxiety, and pretended fever. A family therapeutic approach was used together with elements of art therapy and individual therapy in a successful treatment. The family therapeutic approach was based on art therapy as a part of the communication where cultural symbols were an important part. An interpreter was not used. The cultural context where it is acceptable to overstep the borderline between reality and fantasy is seen as an important healing capacity.I would like to acknowledge my debt and my appreciation to Ebba Ernst, psychologist of the department and supervisor in the therapy of the S. family. I would also like to thank professor Kai Tolstrup and child psychiatrist Torben Marner for stimulating support in the process of writing the article. A grant from Enkefrue Hermansens Mindelegat made the participation in the Krakow Congress possible.     

Use of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children 2nd Edition: Parent Report Scale in Pediatric Cancer Populations

This study examined the use of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children—2nd Edition: Parent Report Scale (BASC-2; Reynolds & Kamphaus, Behavior assessment system for children, 2004) in a pediatric cancer population. Comparisons of scale scores were made between pediatric cancer participants and controls. Within group comparisons were also made between subtypes of pediatric cancer. Parents of 111 children and adolescents who had experienced pediatric cancer completed the BASC-2 as part of larger studies of parent-child adjustment to cancer. Scores on the BASC-2 for cancer survivors were compared to a matched control group. Results from MANOVA analyses revealed that children with cancer were categorized as evidencing more emotional and cognitive complaints compared to the control children. Notably, no significant within group differences emerged on the subscales with regard to cancer subtype. Although preliminary, these results suggest that the BASC-2 can identify the cognitive and emotional differences between cancer survivors and controls.     

Consultation in family therapy

Abstract

This paper addresses the issue of the use of consultants by experienced family therapists. The authors discuss the need for consultation under different circumstances and review a number of models currently being utilized. Emphasis is placed on preparing the clients for the consultation, providing background information to and preparing with the consultant for the session(s), and transferring “power” to the consultant and back again to the primary therapist.     

Children in family therapy

The distinctive skills of child psychotherapy can be utilized in the development of a form of conjoint family therapy especially applicable to the field of child psychiatry. It is suggested that the engagement of children in the process particularly enhances the specific characteristics and potentialities of this form of treatment.     

Mystery in family therapy

Existential approaches to family psychotherapy are considerably different from the problem centered approaches to treatment which are currently so popular in the field. Gabriel Marcel's distinction between a problem centered and a mystery centered understanding of life is utilized to overview the basic and deep differences between existential and problem centered approaches to family treatment.     

Siblings in family therapy

The participation of siblings in family therapy was studied from case records in 76 consecutive cases attending a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic. Siblings took part in family therapy in two thirds of the cases. Of these, 76 per cent attended only one or two sessions. A sub-sample of nine families with children below 13 years of age was interviewed. Seven out of 10 evaluated siblings had psychiatric symptoms of some severity at the onset of therapy compared to two after, and all had fewer symptoms after therapy compared to before (p<0.01). Most families thought it relevant for both parents and siblings to take discussing their children's behaviour in front of them and wanted the opportunity of also talking to the therapist without the children being present.     

Countertransference in family therapy

The intent of this article is to describe the importance of one psychoanalytic concept, countertransference, in family treatment by a review of the literature on the subject. Case illustrations will then be used to show how the supervisor of a family treatment case elicited the countertransference in order to move the therapy forward. Some thoughts with regard to training will be offered.     

Redefinition in family therapy

Abstract

In the wider context of an epistemological renewal, the author describes the possibility of a redefinition of therapy from that of an intervention focused on the patient to one of an opportunity for participation and growth of a group which shares a common history. The author speaks of the necessity of giving alternative meanings to the presenting symptoms, citing examples from his work with families.     

Poverty,state, and the family: A challenge for family therapy

Much family therapy writing has focused on work with discrete presenting problems in circumscribed clinical practice settings. This paper takes a broader focus of poor families which do not fit easily into the one-hour therapy schedule, in the context of the powerful forces of politics and economics. If the prevailing political attitudes and economic realities are ignored, direct practice with families may fail to meet them at their point of experience. Examples of political views, and therapeutic and research thinking which do not pay attention to these aspects, are used to highlight the author's point of view.