印度宗教与统一民法问题

本文论述了印度属人法的历史与独立后《印度宪法》所规定的“统一民法”目标、独立后印度属人法的改革及其所面临的困难、民法改革与印度教民族主义政治的冲突等。本文特别分析了在印度特殊的宗教政治氛围中,人们的宗教权利与政府的宗教平等政策之间,尚存在着协调的难题;作为立国基础的世俗主义在印度并没有形成共识,更没有成为宗教与立法分离的依托。在生活方式即是宗教的国情下,统一民法不能够避免依赖宗教和习俗,更不能最终解决民法与宗教文化、多元社会、民族政治相关的矛盾问题。     

宗教权威视角下的宗教组织变迁——对湘北某基督教堂的个案研究

大街教堂是地处湘北某地的一个基督教堂。该教堂自1999年成立以来,迅速发展成为当地人数最多、影响最大的基督教堂。但是,大街教堂在当地取得迅速增长的同时,也与其他基督教教堂和宗教管理部门之间发生了诸多复杂的互动现象。本研究在详细阐述大街教堂的发展历程和经验事实的基础之上,尝试从"宗教权威"视角来理解这一宗教变迁,并以"宗教权威的建构与表达"为概念工具来把握个案。最后,本文提出了"宗教权威"的定义,并对其加以了进一步讨论。     

道教与壮族麽教关系浅析

一壮族麽教是以布麽为神职人员、以司麽为主要经典、以古麽为主要宗教活动的壮族原生性民族民间宗教。壮族麽教是长期壮汉文化交流互动的产物,是壮族原始宗教文化受到以佛、道教为主的汉族宗教文化的刺激,吸收佛、道教的形式和内容而形成的。壮族麽教具有悠久的历史、丰富的内涵和独特的价值,它深深植根于壮族人民的灵魂深处,广泛融会在壮族人民的日常生活之中。尽管如此,“壮族麽教”这一名称的明确提出却是近几年的事,它是壮族学者在发掘、整理和研究壮族民间故事、神话传说和民歌唱本(尤其是布洛陀神话传说、唱本)的过程中逐步认识、确认…     

当前缅甸不同宗教群体之间的社会距离及其影响因素

近年来,缅甸不同宗教群体之间的暴力冲突频频发生,研究缅甸宗教群体之间的关系有助于全面把握缅甸整体的宗教格局。本文采用2015年缅甸综合社会调查(Myanmar General Social Survey)的数据,运用博格达斯社会距离的概念和方法对缅甸不同宗教群体之间的社会距离进行测量。研究发现,在缅甸的小众宗教群体中,基督教信众所受到的心理歧视最小,之后是印度教信众,伊斯兰信众排在最后;在宗教群体之间社会距离的影响因素中,性别、民族、居住地(城乡)和受教育程度均对宗教群体之间的社会距离具有显著影响。此外,缅甸宗教群体之间的心理隔阂问题与民族问题有着紧密联系,同时城市化和普及教育是促进宗教多元国家社会融合的重要途径。     

慈悲与愿力:净影慧远判教观中的佛陀与众生

慧远的判教观,可以从佛陀与信众两个层面理解。佛陀层面,慧远从根本上否定以时间为判教依据的"顿渐五时判教"。慧远根据佛陀慈悲济世的立教本怀,认为佛陀可以在任何时间、地点,为追求大乘的信众开示究竟佛法,而不受时间的限制。所以,佛陀所说的大乘经教都是平等究竟的。信众层面,慧远认为声闻众和菩萨众的根本区别不在于"智力"而在"愿力",强调"愿力"在大乘佛教信仰中的核心地位。     

由穆斯林饮食禁忌看宗教禁忌的社会认同功能北大核心CSSCISSCI

穆斯林饮食禁忌是重要且严格的宗教禁忌内容之一,它具有规范穆斯林行为习惯和价值观念的控制作用,但同时又具有社会认同功能,对内团结信众,对外传播伊斯兰文化。由穆斯林饮食禁忌探讨宗教禁忌的社会认同功能,对我们如何在多元文化下"求同存异",消弥因触犯宗教禁忌而引起的社会问题有着重要的借鉴意义。     

府际关系视角下的省界宗教活动场所治理——以赣鄂边界Y宫为例

随着宗教日渐繁荣,信教群众不断增长,由此带来的涉及宗教的矛盾纠纷也日趋增多。近年来,赣鄂两省农村道教信众围绕地处两省边界的Y宫权属等问题,多次发生群体冲突,两省相关各级政府从对峙到联动再到多元合作,最终妥善调处纠纷,也使得该区域归于和谐稳定。演绎了一幅府际竞争—府际协商—府际治理的演变图景,昭示了我国府际关系的发展方向与模式,也提供了一个处理跨区域跨部门治理农村宗教信仰问题的范例。     

论六朝时期的三教关系与世界宗教大同理想

六朝时期是中国文化发展的重要阶段,随着汉末儒家名教权威的失落,带有道家色彩的魏晋玄学开始登上思想文化的历史舞台。此时的佛教亦经过大量的译经活动及其传播,在中国获得了空前发展;在佛教刺激下,中国早期道教也摆脱了原始状态而进入成熟阶段。于是,包括宗教思想在内的中国文化格局,在六朝时期又获得了多元化的发展,形成了规模宏伟的儒、释、道三教并行、冲突、互动与融合的新局面。从此,儒、释、道三教关系的展开,一直贯穿在以后的中国思想文化的历史进程中,由此构成中华民族精神成长和中国历史与文明稳定发展的基石。本文即尝试从五个方面揭示上述寻求"宗教大同"理想的历史借鉴和儒、释、道三教从矛盾冲突走向融合的理论证明。     

道教治观考

宫观在道教发展史上具有重要意义。以宫观为核心的教团组织是合理化的正统道教的基本组织方式 ,它以信仰者自我组织、自我管理的方式 ,取代了原始道教时期思想芜杂、人人称教、缺乏合理组织与教团规范的、民间化的散漫状态。宫观组织代表一个信守正统道教思想的教团 ,与社会各层人士和政治组织发生正常接触和交流 ,它已成为道教教团内部、教团与政治组织、社会民众进行交流和接触的重要媒介。基于宫观组织 ,道教教团与社会和政治之间 ,建立起信用关系 ,在这种信用关系中 ,宫观成为一种信用象征。基于这种信用关系 ,宫观成为道教教育信众、教…     

宗教原典语境下的巴以冲突解读

宗教原典因其特有的普遍理念框架成为信众身份认同与具体行动的指南。在犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教各宗教原典语境中,耶路撒冷在宗教、历史、现实等方面存在"圣城共享"现象,并派生出三种不同的宗教圣地观。巴以双方因宗教"圣城共享"现象和"圣地领土化"引发现实利益冲突,并在互动中形成双方"敌人"身份的建构。而且宗教深刻影响各方政策与双边关系,就进一步造成巴以和解陷入困境。因此,当前除了要积极破解各方的现实利益冲突外,还应在宗教、文化、价值观等深层次方面有所行动。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.