和平研究引论

和平包括消极和平与积极和平.和平学是识别和分析暴力、非暴力行为以及治理人类冲突的方法机制的一门学科,其研究范围包括战争与和平,也包括正义、发展、人权、生态环境.和平学的主要目标是探求用和平的方式实现和平,而和平教育则是其中的一项重要内容.     

认知神经心理学简介

认知神经心理学是认知心理学的一个分支。它的目的是探讨当人们执行认知活动的时候,心理信息加工过程是怎样的,所采用的手段是研究这些认知功能受损的病人。它与认知神经科学的不同在于：认知神经心理学关注的是心理（mind）,而认知神经科学关注的是大脑（特别是关注与认知有关的大脑机制）。研究认知神经心理学的方法也可以用于研究发展性认知障碍,如阅读障碍,或者特殊的语言损伤,这就是发展性认知神经心理学。这些方法还可以用于高级认知发面的研究,如信念形成和心理理论。这些高级认知方面的障碍是精神病学的范畴,因此这类研究错觉、幻想或虚构等的认知神经心理学叫做认知神经精神病学。认知神经心理学的典型特征有：1）研究症状,而不是并发症;2）采用个案研究,而不是群体研究;3）主要数据来源是症状间的双分离;4）致力于模块化认知模型的建立。     

An Introduction to Neuropsychological Assessment

Since its inception in the 1940s, clinical neuropsychology has evolved into a field encompassing a diverse and sometimes bewildering array of theoretical points of view and technical approaches. The purpose of this article is to acquaint counselors with the primary historical developments, current perspectives, and clinical applications of neuropsychology so that they can make optimal use of this valuable diagnostic approach. Neuropsychological assessments are significant for counselors in evaluation, remediation, and ongoing counseling of clients and their families. These assessments allow the identification of patients whose cognitive deficits have been underestimated or overestimated by other diagnostic procedures and provide clinically relevant information about potential for and specific means to promote recovery. Advocacy for clients, as broadly conceived, is also an important role for counselors.     

An Introduction to Model Selection

This paper is an introduction to model selection intended for nonspecialists who have knowledge of the statistical concepts covered in a typical first (occasionally second) statistics course. The intention is to explain the ideas that generate frequentist methodology for model selection, for example the Akaike information criterion, bootstrap criteria, and cross-validation criteria. Bayesian methods, including the Bayesian information criterion, are also mentioned in the context of the framework outlined in the paper. The ideas are illustrated using an example in which observations are available for the entire population of interest. This enables us to examine and to measure effects that are usually invisible, because in practical applications only a sample from the population is observed. The problem of selection bias, a hazard of which one needs to be aware in the context of model selection, is also discussed. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Introduction to the self-management series: II

Journal of Behavioral Education -     

Consultation and the Introduction of Social Problem-Solving Groups in Schools

Social problem-solving programs for withdrawn and hyperactive children within a school context were developed and implemented in a day care center, a Montessori nursery school, a Catholic elementary school, and a Catholic high school. This article describes the program implementation for each of the four schools and some of the effects on the consultative relationship.     

后现代西方伦理学导论

后现代西方伦理学代表西方伦理学史流变的最新动态,它对现代西方伦理学的超越既有突破后者的道德关怀和道德文化精神的一面,也有修正其伦理学方法论的一面.极端的后现代西方伦理学以批评和否定现代性和现代西方伦理学为主要品格,它侧重于否定和摧毁现代西方伦理学体系.温和的后现代西方伦理学以修正现代性和现代西方伦理学为主要品格,它试图重新确立西方伦理学的合理性和合法性地位.要保持旺盛的生命力,后现代西方伦理学必须兼有"批判性"和"建设性"这两翼.     

An Introduction to the New DSM-III

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) published in 1980 is increasingly used by counselors. This article discusses and clarifies DSM-III's diagnostic system.     

印度佛教医学概论

佛教医学的研究方兴未艾,本文首先对其定义进行了探讨,界定了佛教医学与印度佛教医学各自范围。从基础理论、临床实践、医用咒语、养生保健等方面,概述了印度佛教医学的主要内容,并归纳出它的四个特点。又大体略述了佛教律藏药事的构成内容,最后概括了律藏医药的五大特点以及律藏药事戒律的四个特征。     

胡适的《<政治概论>序》

一《〈政治概论〉序》是胡适 1 92 3年底为《政治概论》这部书所写的序言。该文在胡适等身的著作中并不为人注意 ,但在今天看来 ,它却是 2 0世纪思想史上的一个不应忽视的文本。1 92 3年是“五四”新文化运动消歇的年代。胡适和鲁迅作为“新文化运动”的先锋与主将 ,曾经一道推     

Evidence-Based Practice in Family Therapy and Systemic Consultation II

Evidence for the effectiveness of family-based treatments from critical literature reviews and controlled trials is considered for the following list of adult-focused problems: marital distress, psychosexual problems, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, alcohol abuse, chronic pain, and the family management of neurologically impaired adults. Evidence-based practices which may be used within the context of marital and family therapy and systemic consultation arising from the review are discussed.