共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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自尊与自我效能关系的辨析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
作为自我结构中的核心成分,自尊与自我效能既相互关联又彼此区分。从概念上看,自尊是“做人”的自我评价,自我效能是“做事”的自我评价。从测量上看,自尊注重测量整体结构,自我效能强调测量领域关联的特殊结构。从功能上看,自尊旨在调节消极性评价反馈和终极性心理健康,自我效能则具有动力性功能。从影响因素上看,自尊决定于早期的成长经历以及后来的补偿性经验;而自我效能决定于个人近期直接或间接的成败经验和个人身心状态等因素 相似文献
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参照群体类型与自我—品牌联系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
自我-品牌联系(Self-brand Connection)指消费者使用某品牌构建、强化和表达自我的程度。研究参照群体的类型对消费者的自我-品牌联系的影响。研究结果表明:三种非成员群体对自我-品牌联系的影响是不同的,消费者会使用品牌形象与渴望群体一致的品牌来表明自己是什么类型的人,也会使用品牌形象与规避群体相悖的品牌来表明自己不是什么类型的人;消费者对成员群体的情感承诺程度会调节成员群体对自我-品牌联系的影响,情感承诺度高、中的成员群体比情感承诺度低的成员群体对自我-品牌联系的影响更大 相似文献
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采用实验法考察高自尊威胁后个体防御和消极情绪的特点,并分别考察自尊水平和自我价值权变性对自尊威胁后防御和消极情绪的不同调节作用。结果表明:(1)与受到低自尊威胁的大学生被试相比,高自尊威胁后被试表现出了较高的防御和消极情绪。(2)自尊水平能够在自尊威胁和消极情绪之间起调节作用,具体表现在,高自尊被试在高威胁后表现出了较高的消极情绪,而在低威胁后消极情绪较低;对于低自尊被试,无论自尊威胁程度如何,他们都表现出了较高的消极情绪。(3)自我价值权变性能够在自尊威胁和防御之间起调节作用,具体表现在,高自我价值权变性的被试在高自尊威胁后表现出了较高的防御,而低自尊威胁后防御较低;而低自我价值权变性的被试在两种威胁后都表现出了较高的防御。 相似文献
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自我价值感权变性是近年在西方关于自尊的研究中出现的新概念。为了探讨自我价值感权变性的作用和性质,特别是其对行为产生的调控作用,以90名大学本科生为被试进行测验,Logistic回归分析显示,在控制了自我价值感、性别、家庭所在地等变量的情况下,自我价值感权变性对被试的活动或任务选择产生显著影响。结果表明,自我价值感权变于个人目标的个体较少愿意参加助人活动,较少选择难度大但有利自身成长的任务。 相似文献
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别对我期望太高:运动领域中的自我设限 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
运动领域中存在自我设限行为。自我设限是指个体针对可能到来的失败威胁而事先设计障碍的自我保护策略,可分为行动式自我设限及自陈式自我设限。抬举他人也是一种特殊形式的自我设限。自我设限的动机有自我价值和印象管理两种理论解释。与自我设限相关的因素包括归因、自尊、目标定向、群体凝聚力、任务性质及性别等。在前人研究的基础上,从实践的角度为教练员正确处理自我设限问题提供了建议。从理论上提出身体自尊可能是运动员整体自尊和自我设限之间的中介变量 相似文献
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Justin T. Buckingham Tiffany A Lam Fernanda C Andrade Brandon L Boring Danielle Emery 《The Journal of social psychology》2019,159(3):284-298
Previous research shows that people with high self-esteem cope with threats to the self by reducing the extent to which their self-worth is contingent on the threatened domain (Buckingham, Weber, & Sypher, 2012). The present studies tested the hypothesis that this is a defensive process. In support of this hypothesis, Study 1 (N = 160), showed that self-affirmation attenuates the tendency for people with high self-esteem to reduce their contingencies of self-worth following self-threat. Furthermore, Study 2 (N = 286), showed that this tendency was more prevalent among people with defensive self-esteem than among those with secure self-esteem. The present studies imply that reducing contingent self-worth after self-threat is a defensive process. We discuss implications for theories of contingent self-worth. 相似文献
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Contingencies of Self-Worth 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Jennifer Crocker Katherine M. Knight 《Current directions in psychological science》2005,14(4):200-203
Abstract— We argue that the importance of self-esteem lies in what people believe they need to be or do to have worth as a person. These contingencies of self-worth are both sources of motivation and areas of psychological vulnerability. In domains of contingent self-worth, people pursue self-esteem by attempting to validate their abilities and qualities. This pursuit of self-esteem, we argue, has costs to learning, relationships, autonomy, self-regulation, and mental and physical health. We suggest alternatives to this costly pursuit of self-esteem. 相似文献
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Sports Participation and Self-Esteem: Variations as a Function of Gender and Gender Role Orientation
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of gender, sports participation, and gender orientation in predicting individuals' domain-specific and global self-esteem. A sample of 100 Grade 11 students completed measures of self-perception, body image, gender orientation, and sports participation. The results showed that although boys reported greater satisfaction with weight and appearance, there were no gender differences in general self-worth. In addition, more feminine individuals who participated in competitive sports reported lower levels of perceived athletic competence and global self-worth, but reported higher self-esteem when they participated in more noncompetitive sports. Although sports participation does predict self-esteem, participants' gender orientation and the type of sports in which they participate are moderating factors. 相似文献
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Sander L. Koole Olesya Govorun Clara Michelle Cheng Marcello Gallucci 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2009,45(6):1220-1226
Self-reported or explicit self-esteem frequently conflicts with indirectly assessed, implicit self-esteem. The present research investigated whether meditation may reduce such inner conflicts by promoting congruence between implicit and explicit self-esteem. Relative to control conditions, meditation led to greater congruence between explicit self-esteem, assessed via self-report, and implicit self-esteem, indicated by name-letter preference (Studies 1 and 2). Low implicit self-esteem was further associated with a slow-down of explicit self-evaluation (Study 2), an effect that mediated the greater congruence between implicit and explicit self-esteem in the meditation condition. These results suggest that meditation encourages people to rely more on intuitive feelings of self-worth. 相似文献
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As self-esteem is likely to build on favorable social experiences, such as those derived from achievement (i.e., GPA) and social competence, emotional intelligence is likely to be pivotal in fostering social experiences conducive to self-esteem. Accordingly, emotional intelligence is likely to underlie social competence and mediate the contribution of achievement to self-esteem. This uncharted role is the focus of this study, which surveyed 405 undergraduates in Hong Kong, China. Results demonstrated the pivotal role of emotional intelligence. Essentially, emotional intelligence appeared to be a strong determinant of self-esteem and explain away the positive effect of social competence on self-esteem. The results imply the value of raising emotional intelligence in order to consolidate the basis for the young adult's self-esteem. 相似文献
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Within the field of personality and social psychology, there has been historical controversy over whether constructs such as self-esteem are stable over time and situation or whether they are changeable. One response to this question has been to invoke two types of self-esteem or self-worth, trait self-esteem and state self-esteem. Thus it has been asserted that adolescents, the participants in this paper, have both a baseline self-esteem as well as a barometric self-esteem that represents short-term fluctuations (Rosenberg, 1986). In this paper, we contend that constructs such as self-esteem are not, in and of themselves, trait-like or state-like in nature. Rather, certain individuals display trait-like behavior, whereas others demonstrate change in self-esteem or self-worth across relatively long periods of time, on a short-term basis, and across situations. Three studies document these claims. The first addresses self-worth as a function of the transition from high school to college. The second examines short-term fluctuations in self-worth. The third investigates variability in self-worth across relational contexts, namely, relational self-worth. In each study, findings reveal that certain adolescents report stability in self-worth whereas others report change, fluctuations, or variability. Social causes of these individual differences are identified in each study, as are mental health implications. It is argued that such approaches provide a clearer understanding of the complexity of self-processes. 相似文献
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Olivier Schirlin Gwladys Rey Roland Jouvent Stphanie Dubal Odile Komano Fernando Perez-Diaz Robert Soussignan 《Psychology of sport and exercise》2009,10(6):615-620
ObjectivesPrevious studies revealed that adolescence is a period of risk for doping and drug addiction and that young athletes who used doping agents reported low self-esteem. We conducted a preventive study with the aims to investigate whether young adolescents displayed an attentional bias to doping-related words and whether this attentional bias was related to physical self-esteem.MethodNinety seven adolescents (44 girls and 53 boys) from 11 to 15 years-old participated to a study designed to measure reaction times (RT) in a Stroop emotional task related to doping, cheating and control words. They also completed the Physical Self-Perception Profile subscales assessing perceived general self-esteem, physical self-worth, physical condition, sport competence, body attractiveness, and physical strength.ResultsParticipants exhibited longer RT after doping words than after control words. RT was also longer after doping than after cheating words. Participants belonging to the low physical self-esteem group exhibited larger carry-over effects than those who were in the high physical self-esteem group.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that attentional resources allocated to doping words are already present at the onset of adolescence, and that they may be linked to a psychological feature (physical self-esteem) considered as a risk factor of substance abuse in young adults involved in competitive sports. 相似文献