Adolescent Religiosity as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Parental Religiosity and Adolescent Health Outcomes

Studies have demonstrated the positive impacts of both parent and adolescent religiosity on adolescent outcomes; however, the relationships among these variable have not been studied. Our study was conducted to assess whether adolescent religiosity mediates the relationship between parent religiosity and adolescent emotional and behavioral health outcomes. A sample of 491 late adolescents ages 18–22 completed surveys that assessed their parents’ religious practices, their own religious practices, deviant behaviors, and internalizing behaviors. Findings suggest that adolescent religiosity mediates the relationship between parents’ religiosity and adolescent health outcomes such as drug and alcohol use and depression.     

儿童慢性乙型肝炎的抗病毒治疗

儿童慢性乙型肝炎的治疗比较复杂,应正确选择抗病毒治疗的时机,合理应用有限的治疗药物。处于免疫耐受期的患儿不应治疗,处于免疫清除期或肝脏组织学提示有明显炎症的应进行治疗。干扰素是治疗的一线药物,核苷（酸）类似物是二线用药。     

The Role of Culture in the Relationship Between Religiosity and Psychological Well-being

Several measures of religious practice and religious orientation (intrinsic/extrinsic/quest) and two measures of psychological well-being (positive affect and negative affect) have been employed in a cross-cultural survey of undergraduate university students from five different cultural/religious environments: Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, the United States of America, and Japan. Results suggest that measures of exstrinsic, intrinsic, and quest religiosity are not entirely applicable in most of the cultures observed. Nevertheless, it was possible to discern abbreviated cross-culturally valid scales for each dimension. The strength and direction of the correlation between psychological well-being and a particular type of religious orientation proved to depend substantially upon culture. More importantly, the cultural environment plays a crucial role in shaping the relationship between general measures of religiosity and psychological well-being. According to the data, higher general levels of religiosity at the societal level are linked to more positive correlations between religiosity and psychological well-being. The overall picture leads to the conclusion that there is no culturally universal pattern in the relationship between measures of religiosity and psychological well-being and that the particular cultural and religious context should always be considered in studies dealing with this issue.

The Role of Religiosity on Postsecondary Degree Attainment

Although previous researchers found that several individual, family, and school characteristics influenced adolescents' academic performance, religion‐related factors have not typically been considered for models of bachelor's degree attainment. Using longitudinal data in a national database, the authors examined the relationship between high school students' religiosity and bachelor's degree attainment. The results indicate that high school students' religiosity was significantly related to bachelor's degree attainment when other variables (i.e., locus of control, self‐concept, parental involvement, and prior academic performance) were controlled for.     

Critical Issues in the Evaluation and Treatment of the Borderline Patient

No abstract available for this article.     

Evaluation of the Religiosity in 5-D Scale

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study was to evaluate the factor structure and measurement equivalence of the Religiosity in 5-D Scale (Faulkner & DeJong, 1966). Using 262 participants from the Georgia Centenarian Study (Poon et al., 1992), analyses included exploratory factor analyses without rotation and using rotation, confirmatory factor analyses of a multiple and single factor religiosity construct, the establishment of measurement equivalence across age groups. The 5-D scale maintained a one-factor construct of religiosity. Dimensions of this factor included ideology, experience, ritual, and consequence. A measurement model of the religiosity construct was then established using summary scores. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a satisfactory model of fit (GFI = .99; CFI = 1.00). Finally, measurement equivalence was maintained across age groups including sexagenarians (GFI = .95), octogenarians (GFI = .89), and centenarians (GFI = .95). The 5-D scale is an appropriate measure for use in aging research.     

The Association of Religiosity and Political Conservatism: The Role of Political Engagement

Some argue that there is an organic connection between being religious and being politically conservative. We evaluate an alternative thesis that the relation between religiosity and political conservatism largely results from engagement with political discourse that indicates that these characteristics go together. In a combined sample of national survey respondents from 1996 to 2008, religiosity was associated with conservative positions on a wide range of attitudes and values among the highly politically engaged, but this association was generally weaker or nonexistent among those less engaged with politics. The specific political characteristics for which this pattern existed varied across ethno‐religious groups. These results suggest that whether religiosity translates into political conservatism depends to an important degree on level of engagement with political discourse.     

肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略

肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略可概括为:增强机体免疫力,重视无菌操作,预防性使用抗生素,积极治疗出现的感染。常见术后感染包括:膈下积液、脓肿,自发性腹膜炎(SBP)或腹水感染,门静脉血栓性静脉炎,切口及其他部位感染,真菌感染,脾切除术后爆发性感染和脾热。     

肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略

肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略可概括为:增强机体免疫力,重视无菌操作,预防性使用抗生素,积极治疗出现的感染.常见术后感染包括:膈下积液、脓肿,自发性腹膜炎(SBP)或腹水感染,门静脉血栓性静脉炎,切口及其他部位感染,真菌感染,脾切除术后爆发性感染和脾热.     

Exploring the Role of Religiosity and Spirituality in Amniocentesis Decision-Making Among Latinas

Given the complex array of emotional and medical issues that may arise when making a decision about amniocentesis, women may find that their spiritual and/or religious beliefs can comfort and assist their decision-making process. Prior research has suggested that Latinas’ spiritual and/or religious beliefs directly influence their amniocentesis decision. A more intimate look into whether Latinas utilize their beliefs during amniocentesis decision-making may provide an opportunity to better understand their experience. The overall goal of this study was to describe the role structured religion and spirituality plays in Latinas’ daily lives and to evaluate how religiosity and spirituality influences health care decisions, specifically in prenatal diagnosis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven women who were invited to describe their religious beliefs and thoughts while considering the option of amniocentesis. All participants acknowledged the influence of religious and/or spiritual beliefs in their everyday lives. Although the women sought comfort and found validation in their beliefs and in their faith in God’s will during their amniocentesis decision-making process, results suggest the risk of procedure-related complications played more of a concrete role than their beliefs.     

Spirituality and Religiosity and Its Role in Health and Diseases

Religiosity is a factor involved in the management of health and diseases/patient longevity. This review article uses comprehensive, evidence-based studies to evaluate the nature of religiosity that can be used in clinical studies, thus avoiding contradictory reports which arise from misinterpretation of religiosity. We conclude that religiosity is multidimensional in nature and ultimately associated with inherent protection against diseases and overall better quality of life. However, a number of untouched aspects of religiosity need to be investigated further before we can introduce religiosity in its fully functional form to the realm of health care.     

Identity Styles and Religiosity: Examining the Role of Identity Commitment

This study observed the role of identity styles, identity commitment, and identity statuses in predicting religiosity in a sample of undergraduate students attending a Seventh-day Adventist university (N = 138). Two structural models were evaluated via path analysis. Results revealed two strong models for the prediction of religiosity. Identity styles explained 24% of the variance in religiosity, with the relationship mediated by identity commitment. Religious identity status explained 56% of the variance in religiosity, with the relationship not mediated by identity commitment. Implications of these interactions for understanding religious identity development are discussed.     

Sex Differences in Religiosity: The Role of Attachment to Parents and Social Learning

We employed aspects of both attachment theory and social learning theory to develop an understanding of sex differences in young adults’ attachment to God, their concepts of God, and other aspects of their religiosity. We found that attachment to God is more likely to be associated with attachment to the same-sex parent than to the opposite-sex parent. We found that this is also true for concepts of God as loving, controlling, and distant in female, but not male participants in our study. For both males and females, mother’s level of religious involvement when they were growing up was associated with participants’ later attendance at religious services, but for males, attachment to father was an additional influence. In neither males nor females was attachment to either parent or their parent’s past religious involvement a significant predictor of strength of religious faith.     

幽门螺杆菌感染治疗新进展

在中国幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)有非常高的感染率,国人感染率约55%,所以Hp感染处理中的临床问题是目前Hp研究领域中的重点课题,Hp感染治疗中的重要问题主要包括以下几方面:(1)哪些病人应该治疗?(治疗适应证问题);(2)如何治疗?(治疗方案问题);(3)如何避免或克服Hp对抗生素的耐药性问题?Hp对抗生素的耐药是Hp根除失败的主要原因,所以本文还要重点讨论Hp对抗生素的耐药牲,Hp根除失败的补救治疗及其治疗研究进展。     

Role of Religiosity in Psychological Well-Being Among Medical and Non-medical Students

Religion has been generally considered as a protective factor for the psychological health of the people. As many studies have publicized a high prevalence of psychological morbidities among the medical students during their academic stages of medical schools, it is significant to investigate whether religiosity functions as a protective factor, to explore religiosity as a predictor of psychological well-being in a sample of medical students, and to compare the results of medical students as well as non-medical students with respect to religiosity and psychological well-being. The study is carried out in Federal Medical and Dental College and International Islamic University, Islamabad. The present study examined a sample of 120 medical students from Federal Medical and Dental College and 120 non-medical students from International Islamic University, Islamabad. Purposive sampling was used. The respondents completed religious orientation scale and scale of psychological well-being scale along with a demographic data sheet. In order to measure the study variables, linear regression and t test were used. The findings revealed that religiosity is a strong predictor of psychological well-being. Extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity predicts psychological well-being among the students. The results indicated a significant difference in psychological well-being between medical and non-medical students. No significant difference was found in religiosity of medical and non-medical students. The gender differences in religiosity and psychological well-being were found to be insignificant. The results emphasize that psychological well-being is prophesied by religiosity. The present research suggests further investigations and also endows with trends for psychological evaluation, development of religious beliefs, and interventions for augmenting psychological well-being among the medical students.     

Materialism and Fashion Consciousness: The Moderating Role of Status Consumption Tendencies and Religiosity

Understanding whether materialistic values translate directly into fashion consciousness or whether it is the status consumption and religiosity that intensifies this relationship within the specifics of explicitly religious consumers is important as fashion consumption appears to occupy a focal position both socially and economically in the lives of many. The Islamic fashion clothing market has begun to attract recent attention and is becoming an area of interest in consumer research. The Turkish Islamic fashion clothing consumptionscape that reached a yearly sales volume of $39 billion in 2013 within a $266 billion global market shows that the explicitly Muslim Turkish consumer gains excitement and pleasure from keeping up‐to‐date with fashion. Utilizing a unique data set from a survey in Istanbul this article examines the relationships between materialism, status consumption tendencies, intrinsic religiosity, and fashion‐novelty consciousness. Strong evidence is found for the positive relationship of materialism to fashion‐novelty consciousness. In addition, intrinsic religiosity has been identified to have a negative moderating effect on the materialism‐fashion‐novelty consciousness association.