La santé à l’épreuve de la mobilité : les débuts de parcours de compagnons de l’aéronautique

In this article we relate a research, which has been carried out among workers in an aircraft-manufacturing site. The purpose of the research was to enlighten the links between health and professional mobility. Leaning on quantitative and qualitative analyzes of mobility inside a worksite, we put forward the complex network of itineraries of blue collars, at their beginning. These itineraries combine changes in workstations or in working conditions, and various individual, collective or organizational dimensions. The apprenticeship of mobility frameworks gets involved in wider series of professional norms, which might at the same time prevent from health disorders and make them less visible. Thus, the integration of these various temporal dimensions by blue collars themselves brings depending on organizational context, supports or damages for health.     

Les processus de l’intégration psychologique chez un enfant migrant

This article deals with the theoretical model of integration process. The aim is to compare theory with clinic through the study of a migrant child, which present an elective muteness at school. The integration process seeks to highlight how groupals and intersubjectives situations are articulated to psychical reality. This articulation can help to the transitionnalisation of the individual experiences and thus support their integration. But all groups do not have the same potential of transitionnalisation. The family psychic apparatus seems to be the most appropriate agency for resolving in a creative way individual suffering.     

Facteurs de stress et burnout chez les enseignants de l’école primaire

This study examines the relations between the three dimensions of the burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decrease of personal accomplishment) and their associations with stress factors as perceived by the teacher. Using a sample of 787 elementary school teachers, we put to the test a theoretical model with path analysis. We achieve with a structural model that brings to light that personal accomplishment is determined directly by personal exhaustion and indirectly through depersonalization. The latter is influenced by negative relations with parents. Except this effect, the model also shows that the others sources of stress influence directly the emotional exhaustion. This study also confirms the three-dimensional structure of the French version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).     

Validation de l’adaptation française de l’échelle neuro-affective de personnalité

The Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS, Davis, Panksepp, Normansell, 2003) was designed to provide researchers and clinicians with an efficient measure of individual differences on the six factors of normal personality related to six neuronal systems involved into process of affective information that are Play, Seek, Care, Fear, Anger and Sadness systems. Spirituality has been integrated as a seventh dimension representing the most evaluated human emotion. The present article has allowed (a) to introduce the French version of ANPS and (b) to use the French version of ANPS to study the relations between the scores on ANPS to those of French version of Big Five scale. A sample (N = 412 students) completed the 112 items of French version of ANPS. The data obtained from the French study were compared to those of Neuro-Psychoanalysis 5 (2003) 57–69. Factor structure was similar, thus, the French version of ANPS provides an efficient, psychometrically sound way to measure the six personality factors in French samples. The scores on ANPS scale were also positively correlated with those obtained on Big Five scale.     

La perception parentale de la pratique du bilan psychologique de l’enfant et de l’adolescent

The psychological assessment is a widespread approach in child and adolescent psychology, but few studies have examined the experiences of the main stakeholders during this process. This study was conducted among 105 parents consulting for their child in a psychological counseling centre, and investigated by ad-hoc questionnaires the dimensions that can be involved at different moments of the assessment: expectations and perceptions, motivation for change, working alliance, and satisfaction with care. The results highlight the importance of parents’ initial representations and the quality of first contact with psychologists. This study enhances our understanding of procedural elements little studied and yet determinant for the engagement of parents in the psychological assessment and the intervention that would follow.     

Les représentations de l’entretien structuré chez les recruteurs

We studied recruiters’ representations of the structured interview. In Study 1, 90 recruiters were interviewed. They define “structure” mainly as a schema or list of questions. The terms “structured” and “unstructured” also have different connotations. This can create a social desirability bias in surveys on selection practices, causing an overestimation of the real prevalence of structured interviewing. In Study 2, 59 recruiters responded to a questionnaire. Attitudes towards structured interviews are positive, but representations diverge from scientific definitions, especially regarding unstructured interviews. Recruiters’ representations allow flexibility in practice while maintaining a positive self-image.     

Développement et validation de l’échelle d’auto-efficacité émotionnelle chez les gestionnaires

This article presents the results of two studies designed to develop and validate the emotional self-efficacy scale (ESE). The emotional intelligence model of Mayer and Salovey (1997) and self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1997) are used in this study. The results of confirmatory analysis support the seven-factor structure: self-efficacy to perceive emotions in the self and others, self-efficacy to use emotion, self-efficacy to understand emotion in the self and others and self-efficacy to manage emotion in the self and others. In addition, results reveal that the ESE subscales display satisfactory internal consistency values. Furthermore, the construct validity is supported by correlations between the seven factors and between several variables associated with ESE (Big Five, the positive and negative affect and the alexithymia). Altogether, results provide preliminary support for the psychometric properties the ESE.     

Professionnalisation des assistantes familiales et intérêt de l’enfant accueilli

For 30 years, in France, foster care has been regulated by specific legislation which provides for the professionalization of one of the foster parents – the mother, more often than not. The authors – clinical psychologists – analyse the impact of the last legislation on foster care. A recent law aims to consider foster care as a job like any other, at the risk of underestimating the specificity of this social function, that is, offering to a child in trouble with his own family an ordinary living environment and the “ordinary” parenting skills of foster parents. The authors suggest ways to conceive the professionalization of foster parents in order that it will meet the child's interests and needs.     

Impact de la motivation autodéterminée et de l’engagement affectif sur l’intention de rester : une étude chez les militaires

Conducted within the Canadian Forces (N=652), this study explores the role of self-determined motivation and affective commitment in relation to personnel retention within the military. Three groupings of variables are used in order to shed light on the mechanisms underlying personnel retention: a) distal antecedents (i.e. leadership styles), b) proximal antecedents (i.e. group cohesion and work climate) and c) mediators (i.e. self-determined motivation and affective commitment). Illustrated through a structural model, results demonstrate the existence of a partial mediator effect from affective commitment in the relationship between self-determined motivation and intention to stay. These findings are discussed in regards of their implications from theoretical and practical perspectives.     

L’évaluation du risque de récidive et l’intervention basée sur les données probantes : les conditions nécessaires à l’implantation de méthodes structurées d’évaluation et d’intervention efficaces

The results of different studies on the best practices of the prevention of recidivism are clear: it is possible to reduce the risk of recidivism of offenders through efficient intervention. Structured risk assessment combined with practices based on risk, need and responsivity principals may reduce the risk of recidivism by up to 30%. These programs, developed primarily in Canada, require adaptations to better suit a French context. The present article proposes to revise the main stages essential to the introduction of a new evaluation and intervention strategy based on evidence, namely, the exploration, the preparation of the establishment, the creation and implementation themselves, the sustainability approach and the introduction of evaluative research studies. The advantages of considering such an implementation strategy are discussed.     

Tâche d’évaluation de la mémoire autobiographique (TEMA) adaptée à l’enfant

IntroductionResearch on depression in children (Vrielynck, Deplus & Philippot, 2007) has documented that an overgeneral memory in autobiographical recall constitutes a vulnerability factor for affective disorders. Until now, no valid and reliable instrument in French was available to measure this variable in school-age children.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to develop an instrument for the evaluation of the generality of the autobiographical memory recall in French speaking school-age children (7–13 years). This instrument is based on the task generally used with adults, the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT; Williams & Broadbent, 1986).MethodIn the first study, a corpus of cue words for the Tâche d’Evaluation de la Mémoire Autobiographique (TEMA) adapted for children was selected. Forty French words were judged by 221 children between 7 and 13 years on features which could impact on the specificity and emotional valence of the memories recalled (familiarity and comprehension of the word, visual imagineability, emotional assessment). In the second study, this tool was proposed to a sample of 149 children between 7 and 13 years.Results and conclusionThe between-judges reliability was comparable to the adult version of the test. The lack of stability of measured variables after 8 to 12 months is discussed in relationship with age-related developments in autobiographical memory. At last, norms are provided with respect to the emotional valence of the recalled memory and to age.     

Quand le syndrome de l’imposteur influence la recherche de feedback : étude des relations entre le syndrome de l’imposteur et les stratégies de recherche utilisées chez les employés

IntroductionThe impostor syndrome is a frequent phenomenon that can have deleterious consequences for the individual from a psychological point of view. It is a vicious circle in which the individual perceives feedback as a threat. This syndrome seems to impact the individual's feedback seeking strategies.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to show that impostor syndrome will have an effect on the type of feedback seeking used by employees with their supervisor.MethodThrough an online questionnaire with 370 French-speaking employees, we assessed the impostor syndrome, the level of perceived experience, and the types of strategies used in seeking feedback from the superior.ResultsOur results show, after controlling for perceived experience and gender, that individuals with a strong imposter syndrome tend to seek feedback more often and in a less direct way (i.e., indirect, or observational).ConclusionThese results confirm the hypothesis of a link between the impostor syndrome and feedback seeking. The latter would be an element to be considered in the understanding of the impostor syndrome and its consequences.     

Quelques éléments de comparaison entre les politiques «d’intégration» de l’allemagne, du canada, de la france, de la grande bretagne, de l’italie et des pays-bas

In this article the author compares integration policies in some European countries and Canada. Despite the varying political or ideological wordings and histories all countries reviewed face similar social problems in the integration of migrants. Because public authorities act with pragmatism and without any strict theoretical model, policies are more comparable that one might suppose, although sometimes differences are marked. The article first points out the similarities in the policies of each country. Cultures and languages of origin, migrants’ associations, and unemployment are discussed briefly, as well as trianing of public servants, and struggle against racism, and urban segregation. A second section shows clear distinctions between the countries’ policies in two respects: politicization and relationships between searchers and policy-makers. The author then discusses several initiatives to improve integration using pre-existing programmes in other countries as examples. These include: welcome programmes for new immigrants, preschool programmes, dropout prevention programmes, globally conceived urban projects, as well decentralization of local authority, active local participation, and strong links with research work. The article concludes by supporting the thesis that no efficient integration policy can succeed if it does not strengthen the overall social link.     

Étude qualitative de l’évolution des stratégies de faire face chez les parents d’adolescents atteints de troubles autistiques

Since their child has been diagnosed as having an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), parents are confronted with important and chronic stress in their everyday life. To face it, they use coping strategies. Using qualitative analyse, this article exposes preliminary results on changes in coping strategies of ASD families and presents how parents manage to adjust their coping.     

L’appropriation de l’espace chez les personnes âgées dépendantes résidants en EHPAD

IntroductionThe present study focuses on space acquisition process in dependant elderly people living in institution.ObjectiveOur aim was to assess the role of the type of space and level of control on the quality of life in dependant elderly people living in institution.MethodThree variables were examined. The type of space (private versus collective, evaluated with two scales), the level of control (Levenson's IPC and EHIPA) and the quality of life (SF-36 and Geriatric Depression Scale). Our sample consisted of 30 elderly people living in institution.ResultsOur results showed that: (1) subjects appropriate more the private space than the collective space; (2) the level of control influences the acquisition process of collective space but not private space; and (3) the more subjects appropriate the collective space, the better is their quality of life.ConclusionThe results propose that potential applications should be developed in institution.