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In this commentary on treatment strategies for personality disorders, we analyze each of the cases and the problem of low motivation in terms of how they fit with the Level of Personality Functioning scale. We then show how patients vary in terms of both level and breadth of pathology. Three of the articles describe patients who are severely impaired and strategies suggested are understood in terms of working with differentiation. The additional three articles present cases where patients have a higher level of personality functioning, and strategies are seen as interventions aimed at integration and improved adaptation. Based on this finding, we argue that the Level of Personality Functioning could be a useful assessment method for improving treatment selection. Finally, we raise questions and offer considerations regarding the understanding of empathy, low motivation and autobiographical memory in the cases presented. 相似文献
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Glen A. Eskedal 《Journal of Adult Development》1998,5(4):255-260
Of challenge to developmental psychologists and mental health practitioners is the importance of temperament, the intractable nature of personality, the complex psychodynamics of personality disorders, the fragile features of the therapeutic alliance, and the selection of appropriate therapy techniques. The intent of this article is to provide specific information pertinent to understanding personality disorders and to offer recommendations for effective treatment strategies. 相似文献
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Gender Differences in Victimization and the Relation to Personality Disorders in Forensic Psychiatry
Anouk Bohle 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2017,26(4):411-429
Gender differences in victimization were retrospectively examined in 218 male and 218 female patients who have been admitted to one of four Dutch forensic psychiatric hospitals between 1984 and 2014. Case files were studied and variables relating to victimization and psychopathology were coded. It was found that the prevalence rates of victimization were higher among female patients than among male patients, both during childhood and adulthood. Childhood sexual abuse was found to be more prevalent among women than men, however, no differences were found for emotional and physical abuse or neglect during childhood. Women with a history of emotional or sexual abuse were significantly more often diagnosed with borderline personality disorder than women without childhood victimization. Men with a history of physical abuse were significantly more often diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder than men without childhood victimization. Clinical and policy implications of this study for forensic practice are discussed. 相似文献
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This article describes how certain relevant theoretical concepts, intervention methods, and criteria for determining therapeutic change, which are borrowed from several personality theories and counseling approaches, can be useful in counseling people with physical disabilities. The clinical utility of each discussed personality theory is explored in the context of the efforts directed at (a) gaining insight into the psychosocial impact of physical disability, (b) counseling for personal adjustment to the disability, and (c) becoming familiar with theory-specific guidelines for assessing therapeutic changes. It is argued that counselors who serve clients with disabilities ought to choose those interventions most congruent with their own theoretical orientation, academic training, work setting, and nature of the disability condition. 相似文献
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Golda S. Ginsburg Annette M. La Greca Wendy K. Silverman 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1998,26(3):175-185
Investigated the psychometric properties of the Social Anxiety Scale for children-Revised (SASC-R) as well as relations between social anxiety and children's social and emotional functioning. Participants were a clinic sample of children, ages 6–11 with anxiety disorders (N = 154) who completed the SASC-R. For a subset of these children, parent ratings of social skills, and self-ratings of perceived competence and peer interactions were also obtained. Factor analysis of the SASC-R supported the original three-factor solution and internal consistencies were in the acceptable range. Among children with simple phobia, scores on the SASC-R differentiated those with and without a comorbid social-based anxiety disorder. Social anxiety was also associated with impairments in social and emotional functioning. Specifically, highly socially anxious children reported low levels of social acceptance and global self-esteem and more negative peer interactions. Girls with high levels of social anxiety were also rated by parents as having poor social skills, particularly in the areas of assertive and responsible social behavior. 相似文献
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当前人格心理学研究中存在的问题与对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人格心理学立足于整体性与差异性以揭示个体行为规律与内部作用机制,是心理学中极富特色的研究领域,并彰显出旺盛的发展势头。但由于人格现象本身的宽泛性与复杂性,当前该领域存在诸多纷争与问题。该文从四个方面剖析了人格心理学面临的主要问题,并提出相应的发展建议与对策。 相似文献
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Recent research literature in the field of personal therapy for psychotherapists shows that therapists claim overwhelmingly
positive outcomes with few negative effects (Orlinsky et al., The Psychotherapist’s own psychotherapy: Patient and clinician
perspectives. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005). However, there has been little interest to date in the extent to which the personal characteristics of therapists might
have a bearing on the way in which personal therapy is experienced in psychotherapeutic training. This paper reviews some
of the current research in the field and then discusses a subset of results from a small-scale qualitatively-driven study
(Rizq and Target, Counselling Psychology Quarterly 23(4):1–27, 2010b) suggesting that early attachment experience may be a relevant factor in understanding how a mandatory training therapy is
perceived and experienced within psychotherapeutic training. Implications for psychotherapeutic education are briefly discussed
and some directions for future research proposed. 相似文献
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We describe a psychodynamic treatment modified for patients with severe personality disorders identified as borderline personality disorder in DSM-IV, Axis II, and understood as borderline personality organization from a psychoanalytic perspective. This treatment is labeled transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) in order to highlight the centrality of working with these patients in the here-and-now treatment interaction. The empirical development of TFP is described, including the generation of a treatment manual, the utility of various methods to teach the treatment, and preliminary data on efficacy. The latest step in the development of this treatment is an ongoing randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of TFP to a cognitive-behavioral and a supportive treatment. 相似文献
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Esterberg ML Goulding SM Walker EF 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):515-528
Cluster A personality disorders (PD), including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), paranoid personality disorder (PPD),
and schizoid PD, are marked by odd and eccentric behaviors, and are grouped together because of common patterns in symptomatology
as well as shared genetic and environmental risk factors. The DSM-IV-TR describes personality disorders as representing stable
and enduring patterns of maladaptive traits, and much of what is understood about Cluster A personality disorders in particular
stems from research with adult populations. Less in known about these disorders in children and adolescents, and controversy
remains regarding diagnosis of personality disorders in general in youth. The current paper reviews the available research
on Cluster A personality disorders in childhood and adolescence; specifically, we discuss differentiating between the three
disorders and distinguishing them from other syndromes, measuring Cluster A disorders in youth, and the nature and course
of these disorders throughout childhood and adolescence. We also present recent longitudinal data from a sample of adolescents
diagnosed with Cluster A personality disorders from our research laboratory, and suggest directions for future research in
this important but understudied area. 相似文献
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Rendel D. De Jong Stephanie A. Bouhuys John C. Barnhoorn 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》1999,7(1):46-49
The relationship between individual difference variables and the contribution to team functioning was examined in 58 members of management teams. Extraversion and self-efficacy for working in teams were related to attraction to the team, which in turn was related to a rating of team effectiveness. Extraversion was also related directly to team effectiveness. The relationship between conscientiousness and team functioning was not clear. The results are considered supportive for the validity of self-efficacy for teams and extraversion as indicators of the ability and propensity of individuals to contribute to the functioning of management teams. 相似文献
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The history of humanity is the history of the human quest for the understanding of reality. While the quest continues, the reality remains ungrasped. This is so because we are contextual beings. We grasp reality from within our existential contexts. Hence, what we have is our interpretation, and we act in accord with the reality that we have come to embrace. With the hermeneutical process leading to the formation of personality, the actuality of reality is constantly being reinterpreted through human behavior. 相似文献
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This study investigated the personality and family-of-origin differences in male and female alcoholics. Results indicated that, regarding personality, men (both type 1 and type 2) were less troubled than were women. Implications for treatment based on these results are included. 相似文献