Some conceptual problems involved in the consideration of disorders of narcissism

In a number of different areas of work at the Hampstead Clinic research groups have been concerned with the progressive refinement of psychoanalytic concepts in their application to clinical material. In particular, the procedure of systematic indexing of psychoanalytic case material (Sandler, 1962) and the routine application of Anna Freud's Diagnostic Profile (Anna Freud, 1963), have thrown up problems relating to the conceptual tools at our disposal for the evaluation of what can, broadly speaking, be called “disorders of narcissism”.     

On some structural aspects of physical problems

Bachelard's concept of the problématique is used in order to classify physical problems and their interrelations. This classification is effectuated along two dimensions. Along the horizontal dimension, physical problems are divided into the kinds that the different modes of physics' development define. These modes are themselves determined by the interplay among the conceptual system, the object and the experimentation transactions specific to physics. Along the vertical dimension, physical problems are classified according to the different stages of maturation they have to undergo before the process of their solution is effectively undertaken. To determine these maturation stages, the Althusserian conception of ideology is used. The interrelations between physical problems are examined through the introduction and elaboration of the notion interdependence network.It is a pleasure to thank Marcello Pera and Kostas Gavroglou for their very helpful comments and criticisms.     

谈《周易》爻题的形成时间及相关诸问题

从《左传》有关记载、《周易》有关传文和以往出土的有关战国竹书综合考究,推断《周易》爻题的形成是在公元前 500年后的孔子晚年或再稍晚一点的时间;《周易》与其前筮书的最大区别是有爻辞;爻题的从无到有,是由开始多用或沿用其他种类的筮书、筮占方法而走向独尊《周易》的发展特点决定的;爻题体现着蓍与爻、卦的联系,表示爻的时位与方位,提示如何积爻成卦,具有多种含义与作用。     

On the relation between conceptual engineering and conceptual ethics

In recent years, there has been growing discussion amongst philosophers about “conceptual engineering”. Put roughly, conceptual engineering concerns the assessment and improvement of concepts, or of other devices we use in thought and talk (e.g., words). This often involves attempts to modify our existing concepts (or other representational devices), and/or our practices of using them. This paper explores the relation between conceptual engineering and conceptual ethics, where conceptual ethics is taken to encompass normative and evaluative questions about concepts, words, and other broadly “representational” and/or “inferential” devices we use in thought and talk. We take some of the central questions in conceptual ethics to concern which concepts we should use and what words should mean, and why. We put forward a view of conceptual engineering in terms of the following three activities: conceptual ethics, conceptual innovation, and conceptual implementation. On our view, conceptual engineering can be defined in terms of these three activities, but not in a straightforward, Boolean way. Conceptual engineering, we argue, is made up of mereologically complex activities whose parts fall into the categories associated with each of these three different activities.     

On the relevant systemsP andP * and some related systems

In this paper we study the systemsP andP ^* (see Arruda and da Costa,O paradoxo de Curry-Moh Shaw-Kwei, Boletim da Sociedade Matemtica de São Paulo 18 (1966)) and some related systems. In the last section, we prove that certain set theories havingP andP ^* as their underlying logics are non-trivial.     

Study of some factors related to intelligence

From the factorial analysis of a battery of nineteen individual tests seven factors were obtained, six of them being interpreted. Some of these factors are probably related to similar ones isolated in different batteries and by different authors. The testProgressive Matrices here analyzed is loaded in some of the factors, as was expected according to the nature of its problems and to previous experience with the test. The loadings of the tests and of the factors in the second-order factors are given. It is expected that this extension of factor theory will prove useful for the isolation of more fundamental psychological parameters, although at present it is difficult to evaluate precisely the theoretical and practical implications of this aspect of factor analysis.