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Based on the current debate on the traumatisation of soldiers in Afghanistan, the article traces the historical development of trauma concepts from the 19th century to the present day. Thereby, it is shown that without reflecting on the socio-political context on the part of therapists and experts, medical and psychotherapeutic measures are at risk of being exploited by undetected political interests.  相似文献   

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Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

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Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit der Deutung, die der so vielschichtige Begriff des Lebens Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in der neukantianischen Transzendentalphilosophie sowie in der Ph?nomenologie erfahren hat. Am Beispiel von Natorp, Husserl und Heidegger werden verschiedene Ans?tze analysiert, die darauf abzielen, den Lebensbegriff aus seinen vitalistischen und historistischen Verengungen zu befreien und zur Deutung der Grundstrukturen des Bewusstseins bzw. der faktischen Existenz heranzuziehen. Dabei zeichnet sich eine Entwicklung ab, die von einer wenig differenzierten Verwendung des Lebensbegriffs als Synonym der Bewusstseinsdynamik als solcher (Natorp) über die Dualit?t von vorph?nomenologischem Welterleben und transzendentalem Bewusstseinsleben (Husserl) bis hin zur Einsicht in die vorsubjektive Primordialit?t des „Lebens selbst“ (Heidegger) führt. Das Leben erscheint somit letztlich als kein wie immer geartetes Was, sondern als ein Wie, n?mlich als die M?glichkeit, das Kontinuum des Welterlebens jederzeit zu durchbrechen und es auf den Grad seiner N?he zur Intensit?t des Ursprungserlebens hin transparent zu machen.  相似文献   

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Der psychogene Tod ist eine tückische Realit?t. Zum Thema folgen ein kleiner Ausschnitt und ein Fallbeispiel aus meinem Buch „Tod durch Vorstellungskraft“ [1].  相似文献   

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Between Calculability and Non-Calculability. Issues of Calculability and Predictability in the Physics of Complex Systems. The ability to predict has been a very important qualifier of what constitutes scientific knowledge, ever since the successes of Babylonian and Greek astronomy. More recent is the general appreciation of the fact that in the presence of deterministic chaos, predictability is severely limited (the so-called ‘butterfly effect’): Nearby trajectories diverge during time evolution; small errors typically grow exponentially with time. The system obeys deterministic laws and still is unpredictable, seemingly a paradox for the traditional viewpoint of Laplacian determinisms. With the concept of deterministic chaos the epistemological issue about an adequate understanding of predictability is no longer just a mere philosophical topic. Physicists on the one hand recognize the limits of (long term) predictability, computability and even of scientific knowledge, on the other hand they work on concepts for extending the horizon of predictability. It is shown in this paper that physics of complex systems is useful to clarify the jungle of different meanings of the terms ‘predictability’ and ‘computability’ — also with philosophical implications for understanding science and nature. Today, from the physical point of view, the relevance of the concepts of predictability seems to be underestimated by philosophers as a mere methodological topic. In the paper I analyse the importance of predictability and computability in physics of complex systems. I show a way how to cope with problems of unpredictability and noncomputability. Nine different concepts of predictability and computability (i.e. open solution, sensitivity/chaos, redundancy/chance) are presented, compared and evaluated. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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本文探讨了克尔凯郭尔一篇富有启发性的演说同传统的关系,讨论了它对近来致思死亡的哲学的影响、及其需要加以详尽阐述的思想潜力。这篇尚无定论的演说以某种杜绝偶像的形式重复了死亡之象征的必要性,更新了柏拉图提出的要求,即在预设人可理解为一个整体这一观念后,要学习如何死亡。  相似文献   

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The narrow concepts of illness insight and compliance in psychiatry and psychotherapy will be discussed, not least because they contradict the dynamics of psychosis. Demands on therapeutic relations will be deduced from the therapeutic relationship between psychosis and ownness as well as of the experiences of untreated patients. The particular prospects of the accompaniment of a trained peer counsellor during convalescence will be represented and explained by the experiences of the Hamburg psychenet project. This new form of treatment in Germany is conceived as a supplement and not as competition to psychotherapy.  相似文献   

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