大学生性心理与性教育

为了解大学生性心理和性教育的现状,对重庆医科大学1570名大学生进行问卷调查.结果是大学生性心理状况令人担忧,大学生缺乏正确的引导和教育,容易发生性心理偏差.建议在高校开展性教育.     

大学生性态度现状调查研究

本应用自编《大学生性态度问巷》,结果表明．对南充某高校在校大学本科生匿名问卷,大学生普遍认为有必要开设性教育必修课;对自己的性生理有较好认同;性知识主要来源于同学同伴交流。     

对比国内外性教育方式差异的因素分析

本文是在阅读了多位研究者对国内外性教育方式的阐述,比较国内外性教育的差异,探讨产生不同结果的背景,分析国内外性教育的优势与不足,并提出改善性教育课程的应对方式,帮助完善性教育课程。     

驱除心的魔障——当代大学生心理健康凝眸

据上海、北京、广州、天律等大城市卫生部门的调查统计,有些高校近半数学生患有不同程度的神经衰弱症;四川省“大学生心理咨询与治疗”课题组对4万名大学生抽样调查表明:心理障碍达31.13％;一些地区的高校几乎每年都有学生因精神疾病而自杀的问题;第四届高校卫生保健研讨会     

大学生性生理、性心理、性道德状况调查

为了解青年大学生性生理、性心理和性道德状况，搞好性教育，我们在本校范围内进行了调查。     

大学生信用教育与信用评价体系研究

本文利用问卷调查所得的定量资料,在分析了学生对教育领域里的信用状况及信用缺失的看法,以及学生本身的信用状况评价的基础上,总结得出了学生对高校信用教育开展和评价体系构建的改进建议.通过对不同年级、不同性别、不同地域学生具体情况的分析,发现高年级大学生的信用意识低于低年级大学生,并且高年级学生对高校信用教育的参与意识也相对欠缺;男生对信用意识的重视程度不及女生等.这在一定程度上为今后高校信用教育的开展和信用评价体系的构建指明了方向.     

心理行为训练在高校大学生中的应用

心理行为训练作为一种高校大学生心理健康教育的新模式,它的内涵、核心理念与技术等方面顺应了当代大学生的心理发展特点,通过一系列的实践环节能够有效地促进高校大学生的心理健康。在高校大学生中应用心理行为训练能够有效地解决大学生适应不良、人际交往障碍等诸多心理问题,具有开发潜能、培养团队精神、提升人际交往能力和抗挫折能力等重要功能,从而最终达到促进大学生人格完善和提高心理健康水平的目的。     

大学生性别角色调查研究

目的:探讨不同性别比例的高校大学生的性别角色分布等相关情况。方法:2007年10月份,汉市两所性别比例不同的高校分层随机抽取了大学生共计1451人,采用钱铭怡等人编制的大学性角色量表(CSRI)进行问卷调查。结果:(1)大学生性别角色存在显著的性别差异。(2)大学期间是性别角色发展的重要时期,大学生具有传统性别角色的发展趋势,其中女生的性别角色化明显而男生的性别角色发展相对平稳。(3)性别角色存在显著的专业差异。(4)性别比例不的高校其性别角色没有显著的差异。     

医学院校与师范院校心理学专业大学生对精神障碍患者的歧视水平比较分析

为了解不同类型心理学专业大学生对精神障碍患者歧视水平的差异,采用歧视精神疾病患者评估量表(SSForPMI)对294名心理学专业大学生施测。结果显示医学院校心理学专业大学生在量表总分、危险维度和能力维度得分高于师范院校心理学专业大学生,差异有统计学意义(t=2.576,2.708,3.396,P均0.01)。因此,当前心理学专业大学生存在对精神障碍患者的歧视现象,医学院校心理学专业大学生更为严重。不同高校应有针对性地开展心理咨询与治疗职业伦理教育。     

基督教在大学生中传播的消极影响和潜在隐患分析

基督教在大学生中传播的消极影响应引起全社会尤其是高校的高度关注,必须从战略的高度重视和加强对基督教在大学生中传播的控制和治理。本文通过对某些高校的问卷调查,对信仰基督教的大学生人群进行数据分析,重点研究基督教在大学生中传播的消极影响,基本得出结论:消极影响主要潜存于精神层面,世界观、人生观、价值观,乃至身心等不同程度的被侵蚀,并派生着潜在隐患,更有甚者,利用宗教传播进行宗教渗透更具破坏性和杀伤力,有效遏制基督教的迅速扩散是当前一项迫切而又首要的任务。     

College Men's Perceived Likelihood to Perpetrate Sexual Aggression

This study implemented a prospective design to explore the relationship between college men's perceived likelihood to perpetrate sexual aggression and their perpetration of sexual aggression over a three-month interim (N = 414). Compared to men's report of their likelihood to use physical force to obtain sex play or sexual intercourse, college men reported higher levels of perceived likelihood to use arguments or pressure to obtain sex play or sexual intercourse as well as drugs and alcohol to obtain sexual intercourse. Prospective analyses revealed that the majority of men who perpetrated sexual aggression over the follow-up period indicated that they were at some risk to do so at the pretest assessment. Implications for sexual assault prevention programming are discussed.     

当代大学生性道德价值取向调查研究

本研究以信度和效度较高的自编问卷,通过对我国经济发达不同地区的九所不同类别高校1673名大学生进行调查,揭示:不同类别大学生间的性道德观念存在显著差异;不过,大学生总体上对性道德持肯定态度,对性行为道德、边缘性行为道德的认可程度较高,对独自性行为存在矛盾心态,对同性恋倾向持否定态度。本研究提出:性行为道德由"贞操、感情、自愿、责任、忠诚"五因素构成;边缘性行为道德由"感情、自愿、责任"三因素构成。     

Normative perceptions in relation to substance use and HIV-risky sexual behaviors of college students

In this study, 410 college students completed a survey assessing their personal substance use patterns and sexual behavior and their perceptions of other students' substance use and sexual behavior. Two parallel sets of questions were presented to reflect the two contextual conditions of being drunk or high versus being not drunk or high. Results indicated that number of recent sexual partners and normative perceptions of HIV-risky sexual behavior were the strongest predictors of personal HIV-risky behavior when not drunk or high. HIV-risky behavior when drunk or high was predicted by personal substance use as well as by number of recent partners and normative perceptions of peer sexual behavior. These findings suggest that HIV-prevention programs for college students should aim to correct overinflated perceptions of other students' high-risk sexual behavior.     

Comprehension of Sexual Consent as a Key Factor in the Perpetration of Sexual Aggression Among College Men

The comprehension of sexual consent is a crucial factor in healthy sexual relationships. This study examined the connection between the understanding of sexual consent and perpetration of sexual aggression. We surveyed 217 heterosexual male college students (M age = 20.9 years) using measures of sexual aggression, comprehension of sexual consent, rape myth acceptance, conformity to masculine norms, peer support of abuse, and attachment to abusive peers. We tested models examining factors related to comprehension of consent and the extent to which comprehension of consent was related to perpetration of sexual aggression. Rape myth acceptance, peer support of abuse, and conformity to masculine norms were found to predict comprehension of consent, which mediated the relationship between the social and cognitive variables and sexual aggression.     

大学生性道德价值观的结构及问卷编制

以文献综述为基础,结合开放式问卷调查、专家分析和探索性施测,提出了大学生性道德价值观的理论构想,在此基础上编制了大学生性道德价值观问卷,并对正式问卷调查结果进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,初步确定大学生的性道德价值观是一个多层次多维度的结构,包括3个二阶因子和8个一阶因子。该研究建构的大学生性道德价值观的理论结构比较合理,初步编制的问卷各项测量学指标总的表现良好,经过修改可以作为测量当代大学生性道德价值观的工具。     

Ethics in College Sexual Assault Research

The persistently high rates of sexual assault on college campuses have led to an increasing demand for a solution to the problem. In response, research in the field is growing rapidly. With any expanding field, proper focus needs to be given to ethical dilemmas that may arise when studying a sensitive topic. College students who have experienced a sexual assault are a highly vulnerable population. As the current literature is limited, this article considers the ethical implications of conducting research with college sexual assault victims. Drawing upon the 2010 American Psychological Association Ethics Code, specific ethical concerns including respect for persons, competence, confidentiality and privacy, and beneficence and nonmaleficence are discussed. Recommendations for researchers studying sexual assault in college students are provided.     

Nature and Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Among High School Girls and College Students in Zimbabwe

The study investigated the nature and prevalence of self-reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among a sample of Zimbabwean girls and college students. A total of 1059 high school girls and college students with a mean age (M = 18.31, SD = 3.66) participated in study. Overall, a CSA prevalence rate of 41.26% was found. The highest CSA prevalence rate was found among respondents who resided on commercial farms and mines (53%). Respondents who lived with their biological parents during childhood were significantly less likely to be sexually abused than were respondents who lived with non-parents such as uncles and brothers-in-law. Only 7.22% of the perpetrators were strangers. This study shows that sexual abuse of children in Zimbabwe is rampant, multifaceted, and linked to cultural factors that must be addressed as part of efforts to confront this scourge.     

The Influence of Peer Interactions on Sexually Oriented Joke Telling

Although the negative consequences and prevalence rates of sexual imposition are widely known through self-report surveys, currently there are few laboratory paradigms to examine the determinants of this type of behavior, especially peer sexual harassment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of two types of peer interactions on peer sexual harassment among college students using a laboratory paradigm of sexually oriented joke telling as an analogue of sexual harassment. Results from two different experiments revealed an effect of type of peer interaction on sexually oriented joke telling. In Experiment 1, male college students, who were exposed to a male peer who modeled sexually harassing behavior, subsequently told significantly more sexually oriented jokes to an unknown female peer than did male students exposed to a male peer who modeled nonsexually harassing behavior. In Experiment 2, male college students, who were exposed to a male peer who was seemingly sexist in his interaction with them, subsequently told significantly more sexually oriented jokes to an unknown female peer than did male students exposed to a male peer who was seemingly nonsexist in his interactions with them. These results suggest that peer interactions may serve as a disinhibiting situational factor of sexually harassing behaviors perpetrated by male college students on female peers. The results also provide further validity for the use of a laboratory paradigm for the study of peer sexual harassment.     

大学生内隐性倾向的实验研究

我们通过实验的方式研究了大学生的内隐性倾向,实验分两个部分,一是使用配对图片的快速呈现研究其对性信息图片和无性信息图片的选择的差异;二是使用快速呈现和快速选择的方式研究其对有性信息词语和无性信息词语之间的选择差异。实验严格控制了空间误差和时间误差,通过科学设计的控制程序完成。结果发现,这两种情况下,大学生都表现出突出的选择和保存性信息刺激的倾向性,这种倾向不存在性别差异。     

Gender-specific Normative Misperceptions of Risky Sexual Behavior and Alcohol-related Risky Sexual Behavior

This research examined gender-specific perceptions of risky sexual behavior norms among college students and their relationship with one’s own sexual behavior. We expected that students would misperceive the risky sexual behavior of their peers and that these perceptions would positively relate to their sexual behavior. Undergraduate students from the United States (N?=?687; 57.6% female) completed measures assessing perceived sexual behavior, sexual behavior, and other behaviors (e.g., marijuana use, alcohol consumption). Findings demonstrated that students perceived that others engaged in more risky sexual behavior than they do and that perceived norms were positively associated with one’s own behavior. The incorporation of personalized normative feedback regarding risky sexual behavior into brief interventions aimed at reducing risky sexual behavior is discussed.