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中学生学习倦怠结构研究 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
依据倦怠理论文献、访谈和问卷调查,提出我国中学生学习倦怠的概念结构。通过对400名中学生学习倦怠问卷的探索性因素分析和367名中学生学习倦怠问卷的验证性因素分析,结果表明中学生学习倦怠是由情绪耗竭、学习的低效能感、师生疏离和生理耗竭四个因素构成。 相似文献
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为探讨大学生公正世界信念与学业倦怠的关系,以及应对方式和无聊倾向在其中的中介作用,采用公正世界信念问卷、大学生无聊倾向性问卷、简易应对方式量表和大学生学习倦怠量表对955名大学生进行调查。结果显示:(1)以积极应对与无聊倾向为中介变量,公正世界信念不能直接显著预测学业倦怠,无聊倾向在其中起完全中介作用;以消极应对与无聊倾向为中介变量,公正世界信念能负向显著预测学业倦怠,消极应对与无聊倾向在其中起部分中介作用;(2)积极/消极应对-无聊倾向的链式中介作用在公正世界信念与学业倦怠的关系中均成立,且达到显著性水平。本研究结果有助于理解公正世界信念对学业倦怠的作用机制,并为大学生学业倦怠的缓解提供建议。 相似文献
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研究在文献分析、大学生访谈、专家反馈及理论建构的基础上,编制了大学生婚恋观初始问卷。研究者在50名大学生中征求了对于问卷内容的修改建议,对300名大学生实施了试测,进行了项目分析和探索性因素分析,初步确定出问卷的维度和项目。在正式测试中,将1608名大学生随机分成对等两组,分别进行了探索性和验证性因素分析。研究结果表明,大学生婚恋观问卷包含六个维度,分别为择偶条件、婚恋价值、情感需求、性爱道德、婚姻本质及夫妻地位。该问卷的六个维度与构想模型拟合较好,并具有良好的信度和效度指标,可以作为大学生婚恋观的测评工具。 相似文献
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大学生专业承诺、学习倦怠的状况及其关系 总被引:110,自引:0,他引:110
为了了解当前大学生积极和消极的学习心理状况,采用量表法对672名不同性别、年级、学科和院校的大学生进行了专业承诺和学习倦怠的研究。结果表明:当前大学生的专业承诺水平不高,学习倦怠的水平较高。在性别上,男生在理想承诺和成就感低上好于女生,男生的情绪低落高于女生;在年级上,大一、大四学生的情感承诺高于大二、大三学生,大二、大三学生在成就感低、行为不当和总倦怠上高于大一学生,大四学生的成就感好于大一、大二、大三学生;在学科上,文、理科学生的专业承诺水平低于医科、工科和术科学生,文、理科学生的总倦怠水平高于医科和工科学生;在院校类型上,师范院校学生专业承诺水平最低,且学习倦怠水平最高。情感承诺是当前大学生学习倦怠的最重要的预测变量。 相似文献
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在情感素质理论与实践探索相结合的基础上编制了《中国大学生情感素质问卷》(内含6个分问卷),并对全国3类地区14座城市100所大学的11982名大学生进行首次大规模情感素质调查。结果发现:该问卷具有较好的信效度,是适合研究大学生情感素质的原创性的有效测评工具;大学生情感素质具有2层面6大类33种情感的结构,呈现丰富情感,且总体发展水平尚好,其中道德、生活情感发展水平较高,人际、审美、理智情感和情绪智力等相对较低;男女大学生之间和本专科大学生之间存在情感素质的结构性差异;有获奖经历、学业自评高及无负性生活事件的大学生情感素质水平较高;良好的人际关系、对舆论的关注、对核心价值观的认同、自我高要求、民主的家庭教养方式等因素对大学生情感素质的发展具有促进作用。 相似文献
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This study verified the differences in the incidence of memory of emotional abuse among the different parenting styles in students from 18 to 30 years of age at a university in southern Brazil. The relationship between memory of emotional abuse and self-esteem, and subjective well-being was also examined. Students (n = 293) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, published scales measuring self-esteem, life satisfaction, parenting styles, and self-report questionnaires. Negative correlations were found between emotional abuse and self-esteem, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Positive correlations were found between emotional abuse, age, and negative affect. Memories of emotional abuse were significantly more frequent in students who reported being raised under negligent and authoritarian parenting styles than in those who were raised under the other parenting styles. 相似文献
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运用实验法和问卷法对小学2年级和5年级学生的类比问题解决策略的迁移进行了研究。结果表明:无论儿童年龄大小,启动掌握目标都可以有效地促进类比问题解决策略的迁移。能力知觉与回避型表现目标存在交互作用,在回避型表现目标启动条件下,能力知觉低的儿童迁移成绩较差。儿童自身的成就目标取向未对迁移产生影响。 相似文献
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The current study assessed the effects of fixed-time reinforcement schedules on problem behavior of students with emotional-behavioral disorders in a clinical day-treatment classroom setting. Three elementary-aged students with a variety of emotional and behavioral problems participated in the study. Initial functional assessments indicated that social attention was the maintaining reinforcer for their verbally disruptive behavior. Baseline phases were alternated with phases in which attention was provided on fixed-time schedules in the context of an ABAB design. The results indicated that the provision of attention on fixed-time schedules substantially reduced the participants' rate of verbal disruptions. These decreases were maintained during initial thinning of the schedules. The results provide one of the first examples that such an intervention can be successfully implemented in a classroom setting. 相似文献
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The present study investigated the effect of the perception of faces expressing shame on time perception in children aged 5 and 8 years, as well as in adults, as a function of their ability to recognize this emotional expression. The participants' ability to recognize the expression of shame among faces expressing different emotions was tested. They were then asked to perform a temporal bisection task involving both neutral and ashamed faces. The results showed that, from the age of 8 years, the participants who recognized the facial expressions of shame underestimated their presentation time compared to that of neutral faces. In contrast, no time distortion was observed in the children who did not recognize the ashamed faces or in those younger children who did recognize them. The results are discussed in terms of self-conscious emotions which develop to involve an attentional mechanism. 相似文献
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Internet addiction among college students has become a serious problem in China. This pilot study involved the development of an online expert system named Healthy Online Self-helping Center (HOSC) as an intervention tool to help those who wish to reduce online usage. The study also explored the effectiveness of HOSC for college students' Internet addiction behavior. Participants (N?=?65) were recruited from a university in Beijing, and were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: using HOSC within a laboratory environment, using HOSC within a natural environment, using a noninteractive program, and a control group. All the participants were asked to answer questionnaires at the baseline and at the 1-month follow-up. The questionnaires included the participants' online hours per week, the legitimate ratio of Internet usage, online satisfaction, and the Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire. The results revealed that HOSC under both natural and laboratory environments could effectively reduce the participants' online hours per week as well as their Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire score, and improve online satisfaction at a 1-month follow-up. Participants using a noninteractive program also had similar results. The article concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the study, as well as the implications of the findings and future research directions. 相似文献
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Wininger SR 《Perceptual and motor skills》2002,94(1):338-340
This study examined the anxiolytic (anxiety reducing) effects of exercise for elderly women engaging in a single bout of aqua aerobics. Volunteers (N=29) completed questionnaires immediately before and after participating in an aqua aerobics class. The average age of participants was 66.4 yr. A brief form of Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory and a questionnaire on demographic items were administered prior to engagement in exercise, and the brief form of the State Anxiety Inventory was administered again immediately after the exercise session. There was a significant difference on a t test between participants' ratings of anxiety before exercise (M = 16.8) compared to after exercise (M= 13.9); participants' ratings of state anxiety were somewhat lower after exercising. Weaknesses of the present study and suggestions for research are presented. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the perceptions of initial careers guidance interviews as expressed by pupils and careers advisers. A sample of 51 careers guidance interviews were studied, which were carried out by 16 qualified careers advisers operating under normal working conditions. The school pupils were from the lower streams of 16 different secondary level schools, half were male, and the majority were either unsure of leaving or were planning to leave school at the earliest opportunity. The study adopted a quantitative repeated measures design where both interview participants completed pre-interview expectation questionnaires, post-interview recall questionnaires and scales measuring interview evaluations. The results suggested a range of differences between careers advisers' and pupils' expectations, recall and evaluations of careers guidance interviews. However, both participants' overall satisfaction with the careers interview was significantly related to the interpersonal aspects of the process, while the provision of careers advice contributed to overall satisfaction expressed by careers advisers only. The findings are discussed in relation to evaluation of provision and the preparation of clients for participation in careers guidance interviews. 相似文献
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6~11年级学生情绪自我调节发展研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究以六年级到高二学生为被试进行问卷研究,着重探讨与情绪表达有关的自我意向和具体情境下的情绪反应。问卷设置了事件的正-负性、事件的大-小、情绪反应的人际-单独场合等多种情境因素。结果显示,稳重和开朗自我意向影响着情绪表达。开朗意向一般表现人际场合的情绪增强表达,稳重意向对单独场合的强表达和人际场合的弱表达有预测效果。进一步探讨日常活动与情绪表达状态及心理健康的关系,结果表明,日常活动的丰富性可以形成对个体情绪表达的有益补充。 相似文献
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Agnieszka Golec 《Political psychology》2002,23(4):731-757
The relationship between cognitive development and attitudes toward a current political conflict was examined in a sample of 46 Polish politicians. This relationship was examined in a control group in a neutral condition and in an experimental group after participants were presented with a hostile attack on their position on the conflict. Politicians with less advanced cognitive skills tended to use competitive attitudes in both conditions. In contrast, those who possessed more advanced skills tended to use cooperative attitudes in the neutral situation; after the emotional attack, they tended to avoid further involvement in the conflict and sought to exit it. The key difference in participants' cognitive functioning was their ability to differentiate perspectives and to transcend their own point of view in the conflict. 相似文献
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本研究使用元分析的方法探讨了情绪智力与心理健康的关系(包括心理健康症状学指标、感知到的压力、应对方式、社会适应及主观幸福感),共纳入104篇文献,151个独立样本和75754名被试。结果发现,个体情绪智力与积极应对、社会适应以及主观幸福感呈现显著正相关,与心理健康症状学指标、感知到的压力以及消极应对呈现显著负相关。此外,情绪智力与心理健康的关系受到出版年代、被试年龄、情绪智力理论模型和测量工具的调节作用。结论表明,情绪智力与积极心理健康变量的联系强于与消极心理健康变量的联系,且存在较长时期的稳定性。 相似文献