科学对“后世”声称的检验（一）

后世存在有证据吗？我们能否与亡者进行沟通？他们的存在是否具有一定的形式呢？是“脱离肉体的灵魂”或是“无实体的精神”？这是个古老的问题,它事关信仰永生和强烈的对不朽的渴望。科学能否调查和揭示那些基于有神论信仰者利益的声明吗？回答是肯定的。科学在尽其所能来回应这些声称时要面对不仅仅是宗教学家们所倡导的灵魂不朽和天堂许诺等内容对人们的深刻影响,还要迎接来自媒体和公众的艰巨的挑战,媒体不断追求轰动效应,庞大的公众群体迷恋于此类现象。     

论康德道德宗教中的自由理念

道德是康德哲学体系的拱心石,自由是他的道德宗教的拱心石。康德证出自由的先天依据,指出自由的实践必然。上帝存在和灵魂不朽保证“至善”目标的神圣性与公正性。积极自由则将“至善”日标转变为人为自己立法的绝对律令。自由、上帝存在和灵魂不朽三理念的关系为：自由在上帝的保证下达到不朽,上帝（至善）在自由的不朽追求（积极自由）中得以实现。     

论斯宾诺莎灵魂不朽论的理论实质

“灵魂不朽论”是斯宾诺莎《伦理学》中一个颇为复杂与晦涩的论题,也是曾遭遇学界长期忽视的论题。然而斯氏的“灵魂不朽论”却具有一种十分独特的性质,它既不同于传统的二元论灵魂观,同时又与基督教神秘主义之间存在着千丝万缕的联系,更为重要的是,它还是斯宾诺莎整个理论体系中最为关键的一环。本文将深入到斯宾诺莎的文本之中,分析他是如何论证和建立自己的灵魂不朽论的,使其独到的学术价值和理论实质能够全面而实在地展现出来。     

探索社会科学与自然科学融合的新尝试──读《统一价值论》

人的价值观可以进行数学分析吗？诚实和虚伪程度能否进行度量？人的心智水平能否用“情商”和“智商”两参量来精确确定？劳动价值量与劳动时间、劳动强度、劳动熟练度及劳动复杂度等变量之间到底存在什么样的函数变量关系？怎样把一般的经济规律、社会规律及人际交往规律...     

略谈基督教信仰与科学

“信仰与科学之间有冲突吗？”“基督教是反科学的吗？”诸如此类问题常常会令许多慕道友困惑,甚至一些基督徒对此类问题也是有意无意回避,担心自己说不清楚。那么,信仰与科学之间究竟关系如何？笔者尝试对此问题作一些浅显的讨论。     

在背影中感受到温暖的呼唤

有一个人来见耶稣说，“夫子，我该做什么善事，才能得永生？”这个人听完耶稣的回答以后．忧忧愁愁地走了。留下一个背影，满有怜悯的主耶稣有何感受呢？他会对自己的服事结果满意吗？他会轻易让一个灵魂更加孤寂和漂泊吗？     

新柏拉图主义对奥古斯丁灵魂思想的影响

奥古斯丁对灵魂本质的认识经历了从“物质主义”到“精神性的”重大转变,这一转变的出现离不开“柏拉图学派的书籍”(libri Platonicorum)的影响.在此之前,奥古斯丁认为天主和灵魂都是物质.主要在普罗提诺的影响下,奥古斯丁认识到灵魂是无形的、精神性的,灵魂赋有理性并且不朽.与普罗提诺不同的是,奥古斯丁认为灵魂不具有神圣本性,同万物一样是被造物.对灵魂本质认识的转变,使其灵魂思想乃至其个人的信仰发生了重大转向.     

上帝对你而言意味着什么？

昨天夜里,有个多年未联系的朋友突然发来邮件,没有寒暄,也没有问候,直接就问我：“上帝对你而言意味着什么？你真的相信上帝是存在的吗？”我回复她：“许久不见,你好吗？为什么突然这么问？”     

曹德旺：“钱是用来玩的”

天下事不了了之 记者：有媒体称您为“佛商”，或者说是“钱眼见佛心”．您赞同吗？ 曹德旺：“佛”是指大彻大悟，谁能做到大彻大悟呢？我做不到。如果成了佛，那肯定就不是商。     

关于灵魂

灵魂的事能说得清吗？悬!灵魂的事能回避吗？唯心唯物大概都不能。既然无法回避，就让人说吧，说对说不对都是一家之言。说清了说晕了就都包涵一点吧。     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.