汉代道教术数侧论

道教产生的重要学术背景,就是汉代术数学的兴盛以及黄老道家、神仙家对术数学的传承和吸收。汉代道教术数的形成,经历了术数道教化与道教术数化的双向进程。汉代黄老道家与汉末天师道对《道德经》诠释的术数化,《太平经》关注社会政治的术数学,与《周易参同契》关注炼养的术数学,均在不同维度、不同意义上促成了道教术数的产生。从这个意义上来说,道教术数不能简单地形容为杂而多端,而是一个有着内在逻辑的概念。汉代道教术数的产生造成了多向度的社会影响,其最直接的意义,是塑造了道教自身的宗教形态。     

道教重人贵生思想的社会意义

主张“天地之大德 曰生”的道教,要求人 们应该珍惜生命、重视 一切生命的存在价值, 所以重人贵生思想一 直是道教的优良传统。《道德经》认为“道”是 宇宙一切的开始与万 事万物的演化者。既然 万物都是道的化生,都 内含道的德性,那么万 物就应该在道法自然 的原则下,任性自在, 自足其性,得以自然之 存在与发展;人们理应尊重道所赋予自然界万物的基本 生存权利。万物无论是从其诞生、发展还是消亡都应该 遵循“道”的运行法则,而杀戮和战争这种造成生灵涂 炭的行为当然就是背“道”而驰的了。所以《道德经》明 确地反对给社会和百姓带来灾…     

文摘

对道教教义现代阐释的思考张继禹在2007年第6期《中国道教》上发表文章《道教思想四论——关于道教教义现代阐释的思考》。作者提出道教思想四论:一是道神一元论,重在梳理道教教义中的尊道与敬神即道教信仰的问题;二是道物依成论,重在梳理本体之道与万殊各异的个体之间的关系问题;三是生道合一论,重在梳理和论述关于道教生命价值观的问题;四是道俗圆融论,重在梳理道教入世济世与追求神仙超越的关系问题。     

天元术与道教思想关系考论

本文在挖掘道书文献新史料的基础上,就中国传统数学史上的天元术与道教关系进行辨析,从一个侧面分析道教对中国传统数学思想的影响.作者认为:天元术产生的直接渊源是道教"天元"思想,李冶的天元术不仅直接渊源于道教洞渊九容之说,而且从科学思想方法上分析,其"立天元一"的代数表达思想得益于道教三元并列的思维模式.     

宋代老学关于“道法自然”的诠释

老学史上关于"道法自然"的诠释,从哲学层面来看,河上公注突出了"道",王弼注突出了"自然",宋代老学则突出了"人"。宋代老学把"道法自然"解释为人兼法天地与道而归于自然,主张以自然为原则阐扬人的价值,符合老子道家思想的精神实质。从政治层面来看,宋代老学关于"道法自然"的诠解,体现了当时盛行的黄老思潮。而宋代道教人士把"道法自然"解释为修道者的体道自然、心神自然,反映出道教教义发生了重要变化,这种重道轻术、强调心性修炼的诠释成为了宋代道教界的一种共识,客观上对全真道的创立起到了推动作用。     

试论储华谷《周易参同契》注中的道教易学思想

储华谷<周易参同契>注运用<周易>的卦爻象和"河洛之说"来解释道教内丹修炼的原理,提出了"药之与物,二八河图.五贼运火,皇极洛书.法象羲<易>,按爻摘符"的道教易学思想;认为<易>的"河洛之说"及"卦爻之象"揭示了天、地、人三才之道,这对于道教内丹修炼来说,具有重要的指导意义;此注用<周易>"河图"、"洛书"等理论,对道教内丹学中最重要的药物、鼎炉、火候等问题进行了说明,强调内丹术要循天地自然之道而行,法天地人三才之道才可以论还丹,并以<易>理来统摄天、地、人三才之道,从而增强了道教内丹术的理论性和系统性,为将道教内丹术转为道教内丹学做出了贡献.     

道教生态文化的理念与实践

道教文化精深、玄奥、通达,具有纳百川而容藏万有,处低下而利育群类,慈俭而不为天下先的胸怀。其生态理念具体表现在以“道”为核心的哲学思想,以“顺乎自然”为特征的伦理目标,以“自然无为”为原则的生态实践之中。三者合为宁静恬淡、清静素朴、柔弱不争的和谐境界,具有相当的现实意义。一、道教的生态理念(一)道法自然、生生不息道教生态理念的一个重要特点就是崇尚自然“。道”的法则就是自然而然的,而人的活动也应按自然规律进行,即《阴符经》所谓“观天之道,执天之行”,与自然暗暗相合。道教认为,宇宙间天地人物、飞禽走兽、草木昆虫…     

论儒佛道三教的生态思想及其异辙同归

中华传统文化中的儒佛道,蕴涵着丰富的生态文明的思想智慧。儒家仁爱为本的生态思想,以成人成己、中正和谐、天人合一为追求的目标,"天地人一体同仁"充分体现出儒家"仁民而爱物"的社会伦理与生态伦理相融的人文精神。道家道教自然和谐共生的生态智慧,提倡"因天地之自然",以实现"人与天合","神与道合"。"天地人一体同道"表达了与天地自然和谐相处的理念和追求,形成了与儒家从人伦推及人与自然不同的思维路径与生态文化特色。中国佛教圆融慈悲的生态精神,以缘起论阐发了心与物、理与事、天地与人之间的圆融互具、相即相融的整体关系,提倡对万物众生的慈爱和悲悯,丰富发展了佛教的生态思想和哲学智慧。基于共同的价值追求,儒佛道分别从人的本性、道法自然、缘起净心出发,异辙同归地指向了天地人的同体与和谐共存。三家相异互补的生态思想,既是当代生态文明建设的重要文化资源,也为当代生态文明建设提供了借鉴和启迪。     

道教的生态观

道教的生态观强调人与生态自然万物同生共运的浑然一体,强调生态系统的自然、和谐、生命和健康,反映道、天、地、人之间的自然生态平衡关系。“人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然”是道教生态美的总纲,是道教生态和谐美的最高境界,它反映了生态生命系统与自然生存环境系统的相互协调所展现出来的美的形式。一、生态系统和谐美道教认为生态系统具有规律性,这就是“道”。世界上的一切,包括天地万物和人都是从这个“道”产生的。这个“道”,即是万物之宗,又是万物之始,更是万象之源,使天、地、人等宇宙万物在“道”中实现了生态自然的和谐统一。1…     

试论陈致虚的道教易学思想

本文主要分析了陈致虚道教易学的内丹学思想的理论特色。陈致虚以《周易》之理来建构其内丹学的思想体系,提出了“易只阴阳两件物事”、“易之道道数也”、“易之道统乎天心”等三条道教内丹学的原则。认为道教内丹修炼是法天地阴阳造化生生之理而进行的,天地造化就是太极或道的展开过程,修道即是要回复到道本身。而天地造化之功不离阴阳两件物事,所以,内丹修炼不离阴阳。“阴阳”为道之纲纪,向道复归的路径为“逆”,“天心”即天地造化生生的节度和有序性,内丹修炼通过调和“阴阳”,以“逆”的方式法“天心”而施功,便能参赞天地之化育,以论还丹。陈致虚通过“援易入道”,在对本体之道的理解、修持的原理、证道的方法等内丹学的重要理论问题上作出了具有特色的阐述,为宋元时期成熟的道教内丹学的理论体系的建立作出了贡献。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.