中学生社会适应量表的编制

本研究编制的中学生社会适应性量表是针对预初(小学6年级)到高三7个年级的学生,有效样本3595名(男1728名,女1867名)。通过量表的编制、初测、修改和再测,确定了量表的4个维度:内容特质、预测控制、心理调节和动力支持,并获得了较高的信度和效度。内在一致性信度达到0.97,相容效度和效标效度也达到0.65和0.68左右,均比较理想。通过量表编制发现中学生的社会适应在总体上存在性别差异,即女生显著高于男生。中学生的社会适应会随着年级的提高而发生变化,但不同步增加。中学生的社会适应性是一个动态的发展过程,它也是中学生人格发展的一部分,并与个体的学习压力以及经历的生活事件有密切的关系。     

青少年学生自立人格量表的信度与效度

使用3个信度指标和7个效度指标对青少年学生自立人格量表的信度与效度进行了检验.结果发现:(1)青少年学生自立人格量表的内部一致性信度、分半信度和冉测信度均达到了人格测量通行的标准;(2)青少年学生自立人格量表与相关效标的关系特点与理论构想基本吻合,量表的效度较好.可以认为:青少年学生自立人格量表具备符合心理测量学要求的信度与效度水平,其能够测到其理论构想所想要测量的人格特征,适用于测量青少年学生的自立人格.     

11～15岁学生自我概念的发展

本文先以369名初中二年级学生为被试修订了Song-Hatie自我概念量表,又以500名11～15岁中小学学生为被试研究了青春前期自我概念的发展趋势.结果发现:①修订后的Song-Hatie自我概念量表取得了较好的信度和效度;②11-15岁学生的各项自我概念(身体自我除外)基本上表现出U字形发展趋势,初一(13岁)是自我概念发展的最低点.③身体自我概念未出现年级差异,但女生在初一、初二时的得分低于男生.     

正念注意觉知量表儿童版~MAAS-C在中国城市及农村儿童中使用的信效度检验

目的:修订中文版正念注意觉知量表儿童版(the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale—Children,MAAS-C),考察其在中国文化背景下的适用性及信效度。方法:城市及农村地区共619名小学4-6年级学生参与研究。对数据进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、信度分析、效标关联效度分析、性别及城乡地区等值性检验。结果:中文版MAAS-C为单维结构,具有良好的结构效度、效标效度及信度。测量不变性检验表明,该量表在不同性别儿童间达到严格等值,城乡地区儿童间达到弱等值。结论:正念觉知量表儿童版的中文版本各项心理测量学指标良好,适宜在我国儿童群体中使用。     

职业紧张量表的修订与应用

库珀等的职业紧张量表是职业心理健康研究与应用方面比较完善的一种测量工具。本研究采用库珀职业紧张量表中文版,以236名职工为被试进行试测,并对量表的项目结构、测量信度与效度等进行了系统的分析。结果表明,库珀职业紧张量表在我国背景下具有一定的测量信度与构思效度,但在项目结构上反映出明显的跨文化差异。本研究在项目分析的基础上对职业紧张量表进行了修订。     

职业同一性状态量表的中文修订及初步应用

为检验中文版职业同一性状态量表在中国青年学生中的信效度,并考察大学生和高中生职业同一性状态分布及差异,通过四轮施测对总计871名大学生样本和760名高中生样本进行项目分析、因素分析、信效度分析、等值性检验并初步应用。修订后的中文版职业同一性状态量表（C-VISA）包含六个因子,分别为广度探索、深度探索、作出承诺、认同承诺、自我怀疑和职业灵活性,共计26个项目;验证性因素分析结果显示模型拟合良好;总量表和分量表的内部一致性信度和重测信度良好,效标关联效度良好;在大学生和高中生群体中具有跨年龄的等值性,可以区分达成、延缓、探寻性延缓、早闭、扩散和无忧扩散六种职业同一性状态。这表明C-VISA具有较好的信效度,可作为测量大学生和高中生职业同一性状态的有效工具。     

大学生职业决策自我效能测评的研究

本研究参照Betz和Taylor"职业生涯决策自我效能量表",依据对学生进行的访谈资料和学生开放式问卷调查结果,编制出"大学生职业决策自我效能量表".本研究抽取武汉地区14所大学30个专业1000名毕业年级的大学生作为研究样本,进行正式施测.统计分析结果表明(1)该量表的项目特性良好;(2)该量表都具有较好的内部一致性信度;(3)该量表均具有较强的辨别效度;(4)该量表作为整体判断使用较好.     

大学生过度消费量表编制

在文献分析和半结构化访谈的基础上编制大学生过度消费初始量表。以250名大学生为被试进行项目分析和探索性因素分析,以401名大学生为被试进行信效度检验,最终形成的正式量表包含透支、计划和享乐三个维度,共11个条目。结果发现,用于测量大学生过度消费的多维量表、各维单项目量表和单项目量表均具有较高的内部一致性信度以及良好的结构效度和效标效度,可以作为后续相关研究的测量工具。     

大学生学习成功感的初步研究

本研究以上海市1362名大学生为被试,编制了大学生学习成功感量表,并分析了不同性别、年级大学生的学习成功感.研究结果表明,大学生学习成功感量表具有较高的信度和效度,可以作为评鉴大学生学习成功感的有效工具;因素分析结果表明大学生学习成功感量表包括:与学习本身有关的积极情感、与他人有关的积极情感、积极的自我评价和消极的自我评价四个因子.不同性别大学生的学习成功感有显著性差异,女生的学习成功感显著高于男生;不同年级大学生的学习成功感也有显著差异,大学一年级学生的学习成功感比大学三年级学生的学习成功感高.     

成人依恋的测量：亲密关系经历量表（ECR）中文版

为了促进在中国开展有关成人依恋的研究,对目前国外该领域中广泛采用的“标准”成人依恋量表——“亲密关系经历量表（ECR）”——进行了中文版修订。371名中国大学生接受了测试,并用自尊量表,他人观量表等作为检验效度的依据。其中59人在四周后进行了重测。对其中的231名正处于恋爱中的被试的结果进行了统计分析,包括采用项目反应理论进行项目分析、信效度检验。结果表明,该量表的中文版具有较好的信度（内部一致性、和重测信度）以及效度（构想效度和效标效度）     

The validity of the Crites model of career maturity

To test the validity of the Crites model of career maturity, career maturity and noncareer maturity measures were administered to 312 ninth graders and to 200 technical college students. Scores on all measures were intercorrelated and factor analyzed. The results show that, as predicted, most of the Career Choice Competencies have more in common with each other than they have with Career Choice Attitudes; Career Choice Competencies are fairly highly positively related to each other; Career Choice Attitudes and Career Choice Competencies have more in common with each other in grade 9 than they do in the post-secondary grades; and there is a relationship between career maturity and sex and race of ninth graders and technical college students. The results do not support the hypothesized multidimensional structure of the Crites model or the hypothesis that variables in the Crites model have more in common with each other than they have with noncareer maturity variables. Discussion includes several possible explanations for failure to support the Crites model, and suggestions for further research.     

大学生职业成熟度结构及问卷编制

研究通过文献综述、开放式调查、专家咨询和样本预测的统计分析等提出了大学生职业成熟度的理论构想,以此为基础自编了大学生职业成熟度问卷,并对正式问卷调查结果进行了探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,结果表明：大学生职业成熟度主要包括职业知识和职业态度两个维度;研究所构建的大学生职业成熟度理论结构比较合理,编制的大学生职业成熟度问卷是一个具有较好信度和效度的测量工具,可以为进一步研究提供依据与基础。     

Career education and career maturity

The relationships between career maturity and the career curriculum practices and policies of 38 Melbourne metropolitan secondary schools were investigated in this study. An Australian adaption of the Career Development Inventory was used as the measure of career maturity of random samples of year 9 and year 11 students. Career curriculum practices were ascertained via questionnaires. Questionnaires were completed by the principal, career teacher, and three subject teachers in each of the schools in the study. The questionnaires yielded five factors, one associated with congruence to Super's theory and four assocated with innovation/implementation factors. The results of the study supported the view that schools with career education programs achieved higher gains in the career maturity of their students between years 9 and 11 than schools with no career education programs. The findings also showed a strong relationship between the type of program offered, the support of the school for that program, and the gains in career maturity of the students between years 9 and 11.     

Differences in career maturity among adjudicated and nonadjudicated male students with and without disabilities

The authors investigated the level of career maturity of nonadjudicated high school students without disabilities and 3 groups of adjudicated high school students: those without disabilities, those with learning disabilities, and those with emotional disturbance. Also investigated was the relationship between career maturity and behavioral functioning, using the Behavior Assessment System for Children‐Self‐Report of Personality (BASC‐SRP; C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1992). No significant differences existed between nonadjudicated and adjudicated students without disabilities. Adjudicated students with emotional disabilities and learning disabilities scored significantly lower than nonadjudicated high school students without disabilities on the overall measure of career maturity. Career maturity was found to be significantly but only moderately related to 8 behavioral domains on the BASC‐SRP.     

Cognitive complexity and career maturity among college students

The role of cognitive complexity in the career maturity of college students was investigated. Simple and multiple correlational analyses were performed upon data from 99 college students who were administered the Attitude Scale and Competence Test of the Career Maturity Inventory, the Bieri Repertory Test, and the Bodden Cognitive Differentiation Grid. Results generally supported the prediction that career maturity would be found to be positively associated with cognitive complexity.     

The influence of a career group experience on the vocational maturity of college students

The effects of a career group experience on the vocational maturity of theoretically grouped college freshmen and sophomores were investigated using Super's Career Development Inventory as the dependent measure. The dimensions of consistency/inconsistency and differentiation/nondifferentiation, as identified utilizing Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory, were investigated along with the dimensions of treatment/nontreatment and interaction effects. Predictions related to change in vocational maturity as a result of treatment were made for each dimension. The analysis sample was a group of 68 volunteer freshman and sophomore college students. Results indicated that students did significantly increase their vocational maturity as a result of the group experience. Furthermore, it was found, as predicted, that within experimental groups inconsistent and nondifferentiated students improved significantly more on some vocational maturity measures than consistent or differentiated students. Students who were both inconsistent and nondifferentiated showed consistently greater increases on virtually all vocational maturity measures than all other theoretical groups.     

民族文化认同与大学生职业成熟度的关系及其心理机制

为考察大学生民族文化认同与职业成熟度的关系及其内在心理机制,本研究采用多民族青少年文化认同问卷、大学生生涯自我效能感量表和大学生职业成熟度量表对4292名在校大学生进行测查,结果发现：（1）大学生的主流文化认同、民族文化认同、生涯自我效能感和职业成熟度之间具有明显的正相关;（2）主流文化认同--生涯自我效能感在民族文化认同与职业成熟度之间起链式中介作用;（3）生涯自我效能感中介民族文化认同与职业成熟度的关系在男生样本中不显著而在女生样本中显著;主流文化认同、生涯自我效能感分别单独中介民族文化认同与职业成熟度的关系在汉族大学生样本中为部分中介,而在少数民族大学生样本中为完全中介。     

Effects of short-term counseling on Career Maturity of tenth-grade students

The effectiveness of short-term counseling on Career Maturity of tenth-grade students as measured by the Career Maturity Inventory was studied. The Career Maturity Attitude Scale and the Self Appraisal subscale of the Competence Test were administered to a random sample (87 subjects) of tenth-grade students. The subjects whose scores fell below the mean were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The experimental group (17 subjects) received special counseling during a short term of 6 wk. Using repeated measures of analysis of variance, a statistically significant interaction was found with both the Self Appraisal subscale scores and the Total scale scores. Results indicate that career maturity as a developmental process can be measured and facilitated through counseling.     

Six Approaches to the Assessment of Career Maturity

This article discusses the construct of career maturity and briefly reviews research that identifies factors associated with this construct. Brief reviews of 6 instruments designed to measure career maturity are included: The Career Maturity Inventory (Crites, 1978a, 1978b), the Career Development Inventory (Super, Thompson, Lindeman, Jordaan, & Myers, 1988), the Adult Career Concerns Inventory (Super, Thompson, & Lindeman, 1988), the Assessment of Career Decision Making (Harren, 1979; Buck & Daniels, 1985), the Career Beliefs Inventory (Krumboltz, 1994), and the Career Decision Scale (Osipow, Carney, Winer, Yanico, Koschier, 1976). Issues associated with the assessment of career maturity are also discussed.