自我效能、可雇佣型心理契约与谏言的关系*——基于中小高科技企业研发人员的问卷调查

对26家中小高科技企业426名研发人员进行问卷调查,探讨了自我效能与谏言的关系,以及可雇佣型心理契约的作用。PLS-SEM分析结果表明:(1)自我效能对可雇佣型心理契约各维度、谏言具有显著的正向影响;(2)可雇佣型心理契约的“角色外技能提高”和“知识和技术补充”两个维度对谏言具有显著的正向影响,并在自我效能与谏言之间起部分中介作用;可雇佣型心理契约的“职业修养和生涯发展”维度对谏言的影响不显著,其在自我效能与谏言之间也不起中介作用。     

知识密集型组织的雇佣关系民主治理和员工创造力研究

本文探讨了雇佣关系民主治理对员工创造力影响的中介机制和边界条件,并利用跨层次的调查数据进行实证研究。研究结果发现:(1)雇佣关系民主治理显著正向影响员工创造力;(2)内在动机在雇佣关系民主治理与员工创造力间起部分中介作用;(3)组织知识密集度对雇佣关系民主治理与员工内在动机的正向关系间有着显著强化作用;(4)雇佣关系民主治理和组织知识密集度的交互作用通过内在动机的中介作用,进而影响员工创造力。     

工作压力对建设型和防御型建言的差异影响

以往研究普遍从建言行为的建设性意图特征出发, 探讨其关键前因、产生机制和情境因素, 但却较少关注建言行为的工具性目的。基于资源保存理论, 本研究构建了有调节的中介模型以探讨工作压力影响员工建设型建言和防御型建言的作用机制和边界条件。通过对某建筑企业386名员工进行两阶段调查, 结果表明：工作压力与防御型建言存在正向相关关系, 与建设型建言存在负向相关关系, 自我损耗在其中起中介作用; 另外, 领导开明性正向调节自我损耗和建设型建言的负向相关关系, 并正向调节工作压力通过自我损耗影响建设型建言的间接效应。     

家长式领导与员工建言行为：组织认同的中介作用

为探讨家长式领导对员工建言行为的影响,并考察组织认同在其中的作用机制,采用家长式领导、组织认同、建言行为三个量表对316名员工进行测量,层次回归分析和Bootstrap检验的结果表明：（1）家长式领导的三个维度均对建言行为有显著正向预测作用;（2）组织认同对抑制性建言和促进性建言均有显著正向预测作用;（3）组织认同分别在仁慈领导、德行领导与建言行为之间起部分中介作用。     

服务型领导影响员工建言的双重机制研究

从自我提升和角色领会两个角度,聚焦服务型领导对员工建言的促进作用,提出了服务型领导影响员工建言的双重作用机制。通过分析260份来自苏州地区33家企业的配对样本,结果发现服务型领导能够正向预测员工建言行为;此外,与自我提升理论的预测一致,建言效能感中介了两者的正向关系;根据角色认同理论,建言角色认同中介了两者的正向关系;同时,建言效能感和建言角色认同的中介作用都受到感知到的领导权力的调节。     

真实型领导对员工创新行为的影响：工作投入的中介效应

采用问卷法对302名企业员工和64名企业管理者进行调查,探讨真实型领导影响员工创新行为的内在作用机制,检验员工工作投入的中介效应。跨层次分析结果显示:(1)真实型领导对员工的工作投入和创新行为均有显著的正向预测作用;(2)员工工作投入正向预测其创新行为;(3)员工工作投入在真实型领导对员工创新行为的影响中发挥部分中介效应。     

高校毕业生可雇佣能力的因素、结构与测量

该研究在文献理论分析、招聘广告词频分析、专家反馈、焦点团队访谈和半开放式问卷调查的基础上,编制了高校毕业生可雇佣能力问卷,并对已签订就业协议的930名高校毕业生进行了施测。探索性和验证性因素分析结果表明高校毕业生可雇佣能力是一个多层次多维度的结构,主要包括15个基本因素,分别归属于5个二阶维度和一个三阶维度,量表的信、效度指标均达到心理测量学要求。     

参与型领导与员工建言:自我建构的调节作用

通过分析由问卷调查获得的274个配对样本,探讨参与型领导对建言行为的影响机制。结果发现:参与型领导与建言行为正相关,建言角色认知起中介作用;建言角色认知与建言行为的关系不仅受依赖型自我建构的负向调节,还受独立型自我建构正向调节;参与型领导影响建言行为的间接效应受依赖型自我建构的负向调节,受独立型自我建构的正向调节。结论:参与型领导通过建言角色认知激发员工建言,员工自我建构类型影响参与型领导的效能。     

工作投入如何影响员工建言：认知灵活性和权力动机的作用

员工建言日益成为组织创新和变革的推动力,在学术界它也引起了广泛关注.以往研究多从社会交换的视角来探索建言的发生机制,而从社会认知的视角的研究则较为缺乏,本研究将弥补该不足.采用问卷调查法,从苏南地区企业单位选取368份有效配对样本,研究探索了员工的工作投入对其建言行为的影响机制,及认知灵活性和权力动机的调节作用.结果表明,工作投入对建言行为具有显著的正向影响,建言效能感在其中起着中介作用;认知灵活性正向调节工作投入与建言效能感之间的关系,权力动机负向调节建言效能感对工作投入和建言行为的中介作用.文章最后讨论了研究存在的局限,并对建言行为的未来研究做了展望.     

心理资本与建言行为的关系:变革开放性和组织支持感的作用研究

基于积极心理资本理论和情感事件理论相结合的理论视角,研究采用两阶段追踪问卷调查方法收集数据,探讨了心理资本与员工建言行为的关系以及变革开放性和组织支持感在这个过程中的作用机制。数据分析结果表明:员工心理资本显著正向影响建言行为,变革开放性在心理资本与建言行为之间起着部分中介作用,组织支持感显著调节心理资本通过变革开放性影响建言行为的间接效应,在高组织支持感的条件下,变革开放性在心理资本影响建言行为过程中的中介作用显著,但是在低组织支持感的条件下,变革开放性的中介作用不明显。。     

Learning at the workplace and sustainable employability: a multi-source model moderated by age

This study, among 330 pairs of employees and their supervisors, tested whether self- versus supervisor ratings of five employability dimensions (occupational expertise, corporate sense, personal flexibility, anticipation and optimization, and balance) are associated with different learning characteristics in the workplace, and whether age moderates these relationships. Results of structural equation modelling showed that the learning value of the job positively related to both self- and supervisor ratings of corporate sense, personal flexibility, and anticipation and optimization. Applicability in the job of recently followed training and development programmes was associated with all dimensions of self-rated employability and with supervisor ratings of anticipation and optimization. Regarding the hypothesized age moderation effects, contrary to our expectations, it was found that both learning value and applicability of training and development related more strongly to self-rated anticipation and optimization for younger workers. In addition, age appeared to moderate the otherwise non-significant relationship between learning value and self-rated occupational expertise. Implications for Human Resource Development (HRD) practices are discussed. As learning characteristics are differentially related to the unique employability dimensions, tailor-made development programmes are key. Moreover, it is advocated that having a job with a high learning value is an important factor in the light of the employee’s sustainable employability.     

Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support,Proactive Personality,and Perceived Employability in Workers Over 50

This article examines the relationship between perceived organizational support, proactive personality, and perceived employability in a sample of workers over 50. An online questionnaire assessing these variables were filled by 213 employees. Results confirmed that individual dispositions have a significant impact on perceived employability but also indicated that organizational context may have a greater impact on employability. The implications of the findings are discussed, and suggestions are offered for future research on employability.     

心理资本对大学生就业能力的影响

通过对251名大学生的问卷调查,探讨了心理资本对大学生就业能力的影响.研究表明,年级、家庭所在地以及家庭所在地与是否为独生子女的交互作用对心理资本有显著影响;年级与是否为独生子女的交互作用影响大学生就业能力.另外,心理资本中的自我效能感、韧性和乐观三个维度对就业能力有积极影响.研究认为,大学生本人和高校可采取多种措施,通过培养和提升心理资本来提高大学生就业能力.     

无边界职业生涯时代的就业能力:一种新的心理契约

在无边界职业生涯时代,以雇员忠诚换取就业保障为特征的心理契约,正逐步被以绩效换取就业能力为特征的新的心理契约所取代。基于就业能力的心理契约管理要求组织通过沟通了解员工的期望和态度,给员工以更多的知识积累和学习机会,实施合理的组织策略,提升员工的就业能力。     

就业能力的概念、结构和实证研究成果

就业能力的内涵和关注焦点随着时代的发展而不断演变,研究者日益聚焦于个体特征及其与情境因素的互动对就业能力的内在结构进行探索,并尝试更多地开发和采用多维、多源测量工具。在西方,以就业能力为前因变量、后果变量、中介变量和调节变量的实证研究已取得丰富成果,但也仍存在诸多分歧和局限。在我国,进行本土化就业能力结构和测量探索以及围绕无边界职涯条件下就业能力的形成、发展过程和整体作用机制开展相关实证研究很有必要。     

职业使命感对大学生可就业能力的影响:求职清晰度与求职效能感的中介作用

基于生涯发展理论与自我效能感理论探讨了职业使命感与大学生可就业能力的关系,以及求职清晰度与求职效能感的中介效应。采用职业使命感量表、求职清晰度量表、求职效能感量表和大学生可就业能力量表对802名大学生进行研究。结果显示：（1）职业使命感对大学生可就业能力的影响受到了求职清晰度的中介作用;（2）求职清晰度对大学生可就业能力的影响受到了求职效能感的中介作用;（3）职业使命感对大学生可就业能力的影响受到了求职效能感的中介作用。因此,求职清晰度与求职效能感在职业使命感与大学生可就业能力之间起链式中介作用,职业使命感不仅会直接影响大学生可就业能力,还会通过求职清晰度与求职效能感间接影响大学生可就业能力。     

Do Employees Leave Just Because They Can? Examining the Perceived Employability–Turnover Intentions Relationship

The relationship between perceived employability and turnover intentions seems much more complicated than what the common sense would suggest. Based on the reviewed literature, it was expected that job satisfaction, affective commitment, and perceived job security would moderate this relationship. Using a sample of working individuals from different occupations and sectors (N = 721), it was found that employees who perceived themselves as highly employable were more likely to have turnover intentions when their affective commitment was low and perceived job security was high; and the relationship was negative for employees with shorter tenures. Understanding the conditions under which perceived employability is associated with turnover intentions may help organizations design human resource policies that allow them to retain an educated and competent workforce.     

Employability capacities and organisational commitment foci of human resource professionals: An exploratory study

This study explored the relationship between employees’ employability capacities and their organisational commitment foci. A convenience sample of 196 South African human resource professionals participated in the study, consisting of 73% females and 88% black African people, predominantly within their early career stages (aged > 45 years). Data on individuals’ employability capacities and organisational commitment were collected via questionnaires. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed to assess the association between the variables of employability capacities and organisational commitment foci. Participants’ lifelong learning capacities (goal-directed behaviour and continuous learning orientation) were positively associated with their career commitment. This finding suggests that a strong lifelong orientation is likely to increase involvement in one’s occupation within the organisation, which contributes to organisational commitment. Lifelong learning capacities appear important to human resource professionals’ career development within their employer organisation.     

The Role of Perceived Employability,Core Self-Evaluations,and Job Resources on Health and Turnover Intentions

According to Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study investigated the explanatory role of perceived employability, over and above core self-evaluations (CSE) and job resources, in relation to different aspects of health (physical and mental) and turnover intentions. Based on data obtained from a sample of 274 Romanian blue-collar employees (59.5% men), hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that perceived employability adds a significant variance compared to variance due to CSE and job resources with respect to aspects of health and turnover. The results highlight the role of perceived employability in health – on an individual level, and in decisions to leave the organization – on an organizational level. The findings are of value because they inform organizations how to design human resources strategies in order to retain a healthy workforce.