共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Josiah Ober 《Philosophical Studies》2007,132(1):59-73
Democracy is shown to be a non-instrumental good-in-itself (as well as an instrument in securing other goods) by extrapolation
from the Aristotelian premise that humans are political animals. Because humans are by nature language-using, as well as sociable
and common-end-seeking beings, the capacity to associate in public decisions is constitutive of the human being-kind. Association
in decision is necessary (although insufficient) for happiness in the sense of eudaimonia. A benevolent dictator who satisfied all other conditions of justice, harms her subjects by denying them opportunity to associate
in the decisions by which their community is governed.
相似文献
Josiah OberEmail: |
2.
Kenneth P. Winkler 《Philosophia》2009,37(3):507-509
I clarify Locke’s intentionalism and explain what we might gain by paying more attention to the role of linguistic intentions
in the work of the British empiricists.
相似文献
Kenneth P. WinklerEmail: |
3.
In this paper we discuss visualizations in mathematics from a historical and didactical perspective. We consider historical
debates from the 17th and 19th centuries regarding the role of intuition and visualizations in mathematics. We also consider
the problem of what a visualization in mathematical learning can achieve. In an empirical study we investigate what mathematical
conclusions university students made on the basis of a visualization. We emphasize that a visualization in mathematics should
always be considered in its proper context.
相似文献
Kajsa Br?ting (Corresponding author)Email: |
Johanna PejlareEmail: |
4.
Miriam Ronzoni 《Res Publica》2008,14(3):203-218
In his multi-faceted attack on Rawls’s account of justice, G.A. Cohen has argued that the notion of basic structure is necessarily
insensitive to the importance of informal social norms to social justice. The paper argues that the most plausible account
of the basic structure is not blind to informal social norms in any meaningful sense. Whereas informal, non-legally coercive
institutions are not part of the basic structure as such, their careful consideration is necessary for the assessment of whether the basic structure
itself is indeed just. This claim is based on an account of what it means for normative principle to apply to institutions,
which I expound in detail throughout the paper. Principles apply to institutions, I argue, not in that they restrain their
conduct, but in that they indicate which social conditions they should bring about.
相似文献
Miriam RonzoniEmail: |
5.
Kenneth Liberman 《Argumentation》2008,22(1):59-70
Although sophistry has been characterized as separable from real philosophy, formal analysis does not work without it and
one cannot always identify just where philosophy leaves off and sophistry begins. Whether sophistry offers anything to thinking
reason has to do with what parties in dialogue do with sophistries. Sophistries can close down or open up philosophical perspectives, depending on the local work that sophistic
strategies accomplish. Such local work of philosophers is rarely available to analyses of docile texts, but they can be furthered
by ethnomethodological studies of illustrative philosophical argumentation presented and analyzed in videotaped format.
相似文献
Kenneth LibermanEmail: |
6.
David Kishik 《Philosophia》2008,36(1):111-128
This is a paper about the way language meshes with life. It focuses on Ludwig Wittgenstein’s later work, and compares it with
Leo Tolstoy and Saint Augustine’s confessions. My aim is to better understand in this way what it means to have meaning in
language, as well as meaning in life.
相似文献
David KishikEmail: |
7.
Dean J. Machin 《Res Publica》2009,15(2):103-120
Democracy can be a means to independently valuable ends and/or it can be intrinsically (or non-instrumentally) valuable. One powerful non-instrumental defence of democracy is based on the idea that only it can
publicly justify political authority. I contend that this is an argument about the reasonable acceptability of political authority
and about the requirements of publicity and that satisfying these requirements has nothing to do with whether a society is
democratic or not. Democracy, then, plays no role in publicly justifying political authority. I also show that any non-instrumental
defence of democracy must make claims about what justice requires and make several further claims that require substantial
justification.
相似文献
Dean J. MachinEmail: |
8.
Eric Thomas Weber 《Human Studies》2008,31(4):361-382
In this paper I compare the roles that the explicit and implicit educational theories of John Dewey and John Rawls play in
their political works to show that Rawls’s approach is skeletal and inappropriate for defenders of democracy. I also uphold
Dewey’s belief that education is valuable in itself, not only derivatively, contra Rawls. Next, I address worries for any
educational theory concerning problems of distributive justice. Finally, I defend Dewey’s commitment to democracy as a consequence
of the demands of productive public inquiry and education.
相似文献
Eric Thomas WeberEmail: URL: http://www.olemiss.edu/~etweber |
9.
Stephen Hetherington 《Philosophia》2006,34(3):303-310
It is not unusual for epistemologists to argue that ordinary epistemic practice is a setting within which (infallibilist) scepticism will not arise. Such scepticism is deemed to be an alien invader, impugning such epistemic practice entirely from without. But this paper argues that the suggested sort of analysis overstates the extent to which ordinary epistemic practice is antipathetic to some vital aspects of such sceptical thinking. The paper describes how a gradualist analysis of knowledge can do more justice to what sceptics seek to achieve – while also showing how sceptical thinking can even be part of (and is able to have some muted epistemic impact within) ordinary epistemic practice.
相似文献
Stephen HetheringtonEmail: |
10.
Hilary Kornblith 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(1):127-136
Ernest Sosa draws a distinction between animal knowledge and reflective knowledge, and this distinction forms the centerpiece
of his new book, A Virtue Epistemology. This paper argues that the distinction cannot do the work which Sosa assigns to it.
相似文献
Hilary KornblithEmail: |
11.
Richard Fumerton 《Philosophical Studies》2009,142(1):67-76
In this paper I argue that there is no viable alternative to construing our knowledge and justified belief as resting on a
foundation restricted to truths about our internal states. Against Williamson and others I defend the claim that the internal
life of a cognizer really does constitute a special sort of cognitive home that is importantly different from the rest of
what we think we know and justifiably believe.
相似文献
Richard FumertonEmail: |
12.
Elizabeth Brake 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2007,10(3):243-254
This paper develops a Kantian account of the moral assessment of institutions. The problem I address is this: while a deontological
theory may find that some legal institutions are required by justice, it is not obvious how such a theory can assess institutions
not strictly required (or prohibited) by justice. As a starting-point, I consider intuitions that in some cases it is desirable
to attribute non-consequentialist moral value to institutions not required by justice. I will argue that neither consequentialist
nor virtue-ethical accounts account for these intuitions, suggesting that a distinctive deontological account is needed. The
account I give is drawn from Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals; I distinguish it from Kantian views of institutions developed by Barbara Herman and Onora O’Neill. Throughout, I use marriage
as an example.
相似文献
Elizabeth BrakeEmail: |
13.
APPLICANT REACTIONS TO PRE-EMPLOYMENT APPLICATION BLANKS: A LEGAL AND PROCEDURAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE
J. Craig Wallace Erin E. Page Michael Lippstreu 《Journal of business and psychology》2006,20(4):467-488
The current research investigated applicant reactions derived from common application blanks. Previous work has found applications to be riddled with legally inadvisable items, but limited research has attempted to understand how such items might affect applicants. By using organizational justice theory as a framework, two studies examined applicant reactions from two application blanks: a legally advisable application and a legally problematic application. It was found that applicants completing the legally problematic application had lower perceptions of justice and expressed higher litigation intentions compared to those completing the legally advisable application, especially for those that were rejected without an explanation.
相似文献
J. Craig WallaceEmail: |
14.
Simon Robertson 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(3):263-277
A common view of the relation between oughts and reasons is that you ought to do something if and only if that is what you
have most reason to do. One challenge to this comes from what Jonathan Dancy calls ‘enticing reasons.’ Dancy argues that enticing
reasons never contribute to oughts and that it is false that if the only reasons in play are enticing reasons then you ought
to do what you have most reason to do. After explaining how enticing reasons supposedly work and why accepting them may appear
attractive, I firstly show why we are not committed to accepting them into our conceptual framework and then argue that no
reasons work in the way enticing reasons are claimed to. Thus we should reject the category of enticing reasons entirely.
相似文献
Simon RobertsonEmail: |
15.
Robert Michael Francescotti 《Erkenntnis》2007,67(1):47-63
Here I offer a precise analysis of what it takes for a property to count as emergent. The features widely considered crucial to emergence include novelty, unpredictability, supervenience, relationality, and downward causal influence. By acknowledging each of these distinctive features, the definition provided below captures an important sense in which
the whole can be more than the sum of its parts.
相似文献
Robert Michael FrancescottiEmail: |
16.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
17.
Peter van Schilfgaarde 《Res Publica》2009,15(2):121-136
Empowerment is a key word in Catherine Audard’s new book on Rawls and a central characteristic of Rawls’ approach to justice.
A very different “hermeneutic” approach to justice is presented by Paul Ricoeur, the French philosopher and theologian who,
against the background of his own work, examined Rawls’ views in several publications. This essay compares the two views and
defends the proposition that empowerment is the common denominator. The author suggests that Rawls would not have objected
to including some of Ricoeur’s ideas in the past-principle stage of his Theory.
相似文献
Peter van SchilfgaardeEmail: |
18.
Ian Hargraves 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2007,20(3):131-139
In examining representations of cities, disease, and human biology, this paper reflects on what technologies reveal of the
conditions to which they’re turned.
相似文献
Ian HargravesEmail: |
19.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
20.
Motohide Saji 《Human Studies》2009,32(2):201-223
This article examines Kant’s discussion of the division between reason and unreason in his Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. On the one hand, Kant says that there is a normative, clear, and definite division between reason and unreason. On the other
hand, Kant offers three arguments showing that we cannot draw such a division. First, we cannot explain the normative grounds
for the division. Second, both reason and unreason are present in everyone to varying degrees in different ways. Third, Kant
invalidates the division as such by characterizing what should be more incomprehensible than an extreme case of unreason as
also being a rational way of life.
相似文献
Motohide SajiEmail: |