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1.
Phenomenology of the body and the third generation of cognitive science, both of which attribute a central role in human cognition
to the body rather than to the Cartesian notion of representation, face the criticism that higher-level cognition cannot be
fully grasped by those studies. The problem here is how explicit representations, consciousness, and thoughts issue from perception
and the body, and how they cooperate in human cognition. In order to address this problem, we propose a research program,
a cognitive phenomenology of the body, which is basically motivated by the perspective of Merleau-Ponty. We find a substantial clue in developmental psychological
studies on the body and language.
相似文献
Shoji Nagataki (Corresponding author)Email: |
Satoru HiroseEmail: |
2.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
3.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
4.
Elshtain JB 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2008,29(3):161-169
In an era in which certain arenas of scientific research have become increasingly controversial, this article critically evaluates
what it means to “believe in science.” Many scientists today seem to claim a sovereign right to no political interference
under the rubric of freedom. This article questions such a notion, and explores the dominance of science and the silencing
of moral voices by undertaking two brief investigations—the first into National Socialist Germany, which insisted that it
was defined by “applied biology,” and the second into the world of contemporary American biomedicine. When all ethical barriers
are eradicated, it seems that a will to power takes over—manifested in Nazi Germany’s vaunted scientific autonomy. In light
of these sobering historical examples, this article reminds the reader that members of the public, including physicians, rightly
deliberate about how to conscientiously order their lives together, and that part of that instrinsically political deliberation is to set limits to the ways medical
science is applied and what scientists may do in pursuit of their goals.
相似文献
Jean Bethke ElshtainEmail: |
5.
Scientific Self-Regulation—So Good, How Can it Fail? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Patrick L. Taylor 《Science and engineering ethics》2009,15(3):395-406
To be a functional alternative to government regulation, self-regulation of science must be credible to both scientists and
the public, accountable, ethical, and effective. According to some, serious problems continue in research ethics in the United
States despite a rich history of proposed self-regulatory standards and oversight devices. Successful efforts at self-regulation
in stem cell research contrast with unsuccessful efforts in research ethics, particularly conflicts of interest. Part of the
cause for a lack of success in self-regulation is fragmented, disconnected oversight, and failure to embody genuine scientific
and public consensus. To be accountable, credible and effective, self-regulation must be inclusive and multidisciplinary,
publicly engaged, sufficiently disinterested, operationally integrated with institutional goals, and must implement a genuine
consensus among scientists and the public. The mechanisms of self-regulation must be sufficiently broad in their oversight,
and interconnected with other institutional forces and actors, that they do not create fragmented solutions.
相似文献
Patrick L. TaylorEmail: |
6.
Hilary Kornblith 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(1):127-136
Ernest Sosa draws a distinction between animal knowledge and reflective knowledge, and this distinction forms the centerpiece
of his new book, A Virtue Epistemology. This paper argues that the distinction cannot do the work which Sosa assigns to it.
相似文献
Hilary KornblithEmail: |
7.
Catherine Elgin 《Philosophical Studies》2007,132(1):33-42
If understanding is factive, the propositions that express an understanding are true. I argue that a factive conception of
understanding is unduly restrictive. It neither reflects our practices in ascribing understanding nor does justice to contemporary
science. For science uses idealizations and models that do not mirror the facts. Strictly speaking, they are false. By appeal
to exemplification, I devise a more generous, flexible conception of understanding that accommodates science, reflects our
practices, and shows a sufficient but not slavish sensitivity to the facts.
相似文献
Catherine ElginEmail: |
8.
This paper explores some of the differences between the enactive approach in cognitive science and the extended mind thesis.
We review the key enactive concepts of autonomy and sense-making. We then focus on the following issues: (1) the debate between internalism and externalism about cognitive processes; (2)
the relation between cognition and emotion; (3) the status of the body; and (4) the difference between ‘incorporation’ and
mere ‘extension’ in the body-mind-environment relation.
相似文献
Mog StapletonEmail: |
9.
Peter Godfrey-Smith 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(1):101-116
Non-actual model systems discussed in scientific theories are compared to fictions in literature. This comparison may help
with the understanding of similarity relations between models and real-world target systems. The ontological problems surrounding
fictions in science may be particularly difficult, however. A comparison is also made to ontological problems that arise in
the philosophy of mathematics.
相似文献
Peter Godfrey-SmithEmail: |
10.
Victoria Sutton 《Science and engineering ethics》2009,15(3):303-309
In the United States a rapidly increasing regulatory burden for life scientists has led to questions of whether the increased
burden resulting from the Select Agent Program has had adverse effects on scientific advances. Attention has focussed on the
regulatory “fit” of the Program and ways in which its design could be improved. An international framework convention to address
common concerns about biosecurity and biosafety is a logical next step.
相似文献
Victoria SuttonEmail: |
11.
Dr. med. Dipl.-Soz. Alf Gerlach 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2004,20(1):7-12
12.
13.
In this paper we discuss visualizations in mathematics from a historical and didactical perspective. We consider historical
debates from the 17th and 19th centuries regarding the role of intuition and visualizations in mathematics. We also consider
the problem of what a visualization in mathematical learning can achieve. In an empirical study we investigate what mathematical
conclusions university students made on the basis of a visualization. We emphasize that a visualization in mathematics should
always be considered in its proper context.
相似文献
Kajsa Br?ting (Corresponding author)Email: |
Johanna PejlareEmail: |
14.
Shannon Vallor 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2009,8(1):1-15
Dennett’s recent defense in this journal of the heterophenomenological method and its supposed advantages over Husserlian
phenomenology is premised on his problematic account of the epistemological and ontological status of phenomenological states.
By employing Husserl’s philosophy of science to clarify the relationship between phenomenology and evidence and the implications
of this relationship for the empirical identification of ‘real’ conscious states, I argue that the naturalistic account of
consciousness Dennett hopes for could be authoritative as a science only by virtue of the very phenomenological evidences
Dennett’s method consigns to the realm of fiction. Thus heterophenomenology, qua scientific method, is incoherent.
相似文献
Shannon VallorEmail: |
15.
Facet-like Structures in Computer Science 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Uta Priss 《Axiomathes》2008,18(2):243-255
This paper discusses how facet-like structures occur as a commonplace feature in a variety of computer science disciplines
as a means for structuring class hierarchies. The paper then focuses on a mathematical model for facets (and class hierarchies
in general), called formal concept analysis, and discusses graphical representations of faceted systems based on this model.
相似文献
Uta PrissEmail: |
16.
Michael Drieschner 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(1):1-16
17.
Giorgia Guerra 《Nanoethics》2008,2(1):87-97
The paper is intended to focus on peculiarities of nanomedicine and the importance of social concerns implicated, in order
to understand if existing regulations are appropriate to maintain its safety or if a new ad hoc regulatory framework is needed. Consideration of social challenges will underline the crucial role of medical ethics in regulatory
discussion.
相似文献
Giorgia GuerraEmail: |
18.
Christian Miller 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(5):551-561
The purpose of this paper is to consider Joshua Gert’s novel view of subjective practical rationality in his book Brute Rationality. After briefly outlining the account, I present two objections to his view and then consider his own objections to a rival
approach to understanding subjective rationality which I take to be much more plausible.
相似文献
Christian MillerEmail: |
19.
K. Brad Wray 《Erkenntnis》2007,67(1):81-89
I argue that van Fraassen’s selectionist explanation for the success of science is superior to the realists’ explanation.
Whereas realists argue that our current theories are successful because they accurately reflect the structure of the world,
the selectionist claims that our current theories are successful because unsuccessful theories have been eliminated. I argue
that, unlike the explanation proposed by the realist, the selectionist explanation can also account for the failures of once successful theories and the fact that sometimes two competing theories are both equally successful.
相似文献
K. Brad WrayEmail: |
20.
This is a critical discussion of a paper on the problem of bootstrapping by Jose Zalabardo.
相似文献
Anthony BruecknerEmail: |