新世纪医疗卫生服务值得思考的几个问题

随着新世纪的到来,社会经济的发展,人口谱、疾病谱的变化,医学科学技术的进步,向医疗卫生保健事业提出了挑战。人人享有卫生保健与全民医疗保险、预防医学的振兴与医疗卫生服务体系改革与完善是医疗卫生保健服务值得思考的问题。     

Motherhood in the 21st Century: Implications for Counselors

Although mental health professionals frequently work with mothers, the social construction of motherhood is rarely discussed in the counseling field. In this article, the literature on motherhood is reviewed. Intensive mothering expectations are critiqued, and the impact of these expectations on employed mothers, mothers on welfare, and stay‐at‐home mothers is discussed. Suggestions for mental health professionals are provided.     

21世纪医生培养目标研究的主要内容及实现措施

为了重新设计21世纪的医生,世界各国都把研究和制订21世纪医生的培养目标作为医学教育改革的重大研究课题。培养目标研究的主要内容包括明确培养目标的总体要求、强调医生能力的培养以及体现医生的综合角色等。为了保障21世纪医生培养目标的顺利实现,采取了立法、试点及课程的全面改革措施。作者还针对我国情况提出了修订我国培养目标的几点建议。     

The Future of Theological Education in Central and Eastern Europe: Challenges for Ecumenical Learning in the 21st Century1

The article focuses on the context of Central and Eastern Europe. The introduction surveys earlier references to this context in the activities of the WCC programmes on theological education. It then characterizes the situation regarding theological education in this region, especially after the changes of 1989/90. The central section summarizes the earlier discussions on ecumenical learning, especially in the WCC, and applies the insights gained to the field of theological education. The concluding part spells out some of the consequences for the future of theological education in Central and Eastern Europe looking especially at the situation in the Orthodox churches, the Protestant minority churches and the evangelical communities.     

Ethics and Ageing in the 21st Century

Summary

Dean Waits challenged the AGHE preconference session to integrate the theology of creation, covenant and care with the scientific findings in gerontology as important parts of the theological curriculum.     

The Psychology of Terrorism: An Agenda for the 21st Century

Research on political terrorism, which began in the early 1970s, faces some persistent problems. These involve defining the concept, collecting empirical data, building integrative theory, and avoiding the attribution of terrorism to personality disorders or "irrationality." Furthermore, analysis risks being driven by events or the concerns of policymakers. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that psychological explanations of terrorism must take multiple levels of analysis into account, linking the individual to the group and to society. Future research should critically examine the assumption that a "new terrorism" has appeared at the end of the 20th century. Analysts should also take advantage of 30 years of history to develop comparisons and developmental studies that look not only at the causes of terrorism but at changes in terrorist strategy, the termination of terrorist campaigns, government decision-making, and policy effectiveness.     

21世纪中国公民教育的机遇与挑战——"两岸四地公民教育研讨会"综述

在华人社区推广公民教育的机遇与挑战是21世纪中国公民教育的重大课题.两岸四地的学者和参会人员在公民教育的基本问题、合格公民的培育、公民教育的途径、公民教育的课程设计、公民教育存在的问题等方面提出了许多建设性的观点.     

21世纪马克思主义美学的构想

一、实践美学的困境如果说,在20世纪前半叶,中国马克思主义美学的最大成就是把唯物主义反映论原理引入美学理论、确立了唯物主义美学观念,即明确了“文艺是社会生活的反映,社会生活是文艺的惟一源泉”这一基本思想的话,那么,20世纪下半叶,中国马克思主义美学的最大成就则是建立了“实践美学”。实践美学正是在对反映论美学原理的机械论弊端的反思和批判中建立     

Multicultural Counseling Instruction: A Challenge for Faculties in the 21st Century

Publicly, most counselors and therapists subscribe to the notion that there is a need and rationale for a multicultural perspective to better serve the culturally different. Professionals in many counselor education programs, however, have only superficially addressed this issue. In this article we describe some of the challenges facing faculties in the 21st century and why counselor training programs must be more assertive in addressing cultural competency issues as they relate to counseling theories, practice, and research. Strategies are provided that may be used in program and curricula development. La mayoría de consejeros y terapéutas subscribirían públicamente la idea de que hay una necisidad y una razón fundemental para la perspectiva multicultural para asistir mejor a los que son diferentes culturalmente hablando. Sin embargo, muchos programas de consejería solamente se dirigen superficialmente a este asunto. En este artículo se describen algunos de los desafios a los que las facultades se enfrentarán en el siglo XXI y porque los programas de entrenamiento de consejeros tienen que ser más agresivos al referirse a los asuntos de competencia cultural en relación con las teorías, la práctica, y las investigaciones de consejería. Se dan estrategias que se pueden utilizar en el desarrollo de programas.     

Life Design: A Paradigm for Career Intervention in the 21st Century

A new paradigm is implicit within the constructivist and narrative methods for career intervention that have emerged in the 21st century. This article makes that general pattern explicit by abstracting its key elements from the specific instances that substantiate the new conceptual model. The paradigm for life design interventions constructs career through small stories, reconstructs the stories into a life portrait, and coconstructs intentions that advance the career story into a new episode.     

The Great Sustainability Challenge: How Visitor Studies Can Save Cultural Institutions in the 21st Century

ABSTRACT

Sustainability will be the great challenge for many cultural institutions in the first quarter of the 21st Century. Changing patterns of government, corporate, and individual support, new demographics, and new ways of creating, preserving, and sharing information are all challenging the sustainability of museums and other cultural institutions. In 2001 a meeting of science museum leaders in Bristol identified 3 distinct but interacting dimensions to sustainability: financial, intellectual, and social. Financial crises are the most obvious threats to the survival of institutions, but intellectual and social weaknesses can be equally dangerous and can make a temporary financial problem fatal. Visitor studies have the potential to provide crucial understandings that cultural institutions will need to build new, more sustainable models than the ones which served the previous century.     

The Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development: Then,Now, and in the 21st Century

The results of a content analysis of volumes 18–22 of JMCD are presented and related to findings of 5 and 10 years earlier. Trends are identified along with issues for future development of the journal.     

Career Counselling in the 21st Century: A Reaction Article

This article reviews the articles on career counselling in the special edition of the Journal of Psychology in Africa. A thematic analysis to the content of the articles was conducted and common themes extrapolated. The main themes were (a) the shift toward postmodern career counselling, (b) the importance of cultural sensitivity in career counselling practice and (c) adolescents career development. This is followed by a reaction comment.