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1.
Hanne Schoofs Dirk Hermans Filip Raes 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):609-617
Previous research has shown that depressive rumination is an important vulnerability factor for experiencing depressive symptoms.
The most widely used measure to assess depressive rumination is the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). According to Treynor
et al. (Cognitive Therapy and Research 27:247–259, 2003), the RRS contains two subscales, reflecting two different rumination subcomponents: brooding and reflection. The present
study examined the psychometric properties of the RRS in two samples (N = 432 and N = 407). Based on a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), results confirmed that a two-dimensional model with brooding and reflection
factors provided an adequate fit to the data. Reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the rumination subcomponents
were appropriate. Furthermore, brooding but not reflection predicted depressive symptoms prospectively, even when accounting
for concurrent depressive feelings. The results provide the first confirmatory factor-analytical support for the widely assumed
two-factor model of the RRS and add to the accumulating body of evidence supporting the multidimensional nature of depressive
rumination. 相似文献
2.
Amit Bernstein Samuel Jurado Cárdenas Patricia Edith Campos Coy Michael J. Zvolensky 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(4):491-500
The aim of the present study was to evaluate a factor mixture-based taxonic-dimensional model of anxiety sensitivity (AS)
(Bernstein et al. Behavior Therapy 41:515-521, 2010), as measured by the ASI-3 (Taylor et al. Psychological Assessment 19:176-188, 2007), in regard to panic attacks, anxiety symptoms, and behavioral impairment among a university sample (N = 150, n
females
= 107, M
age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.3) and a clinical sample (N = 150, n
females
= 102, M
age = 39.0 years, SD = 12.0) from Mexico City, Mexico. Findings demonstrated cross-national support for the conceptual and operational utility
of the AS taxonic-dimensional hypothesis (Bernstein et al. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 20:1-22, 2007b). Specifically, (1) the FMM-based AS taxon class base rate was significantly greater among the clinical relative to the university
sample; (2) risk for panic attacks was significantly greater among the AS taxon class relative to the AS normative class;
and (3) continuous individual differences in AS physical and psychological concerns, within the AS taxon class, were associated
with level of risk for panic attacks, as well as panic attack severity and anxiety symptom levels. Similar AS taxonic-dimensional
effects were observed in relation to degree of behavioral impairment across domains of functioning. The study results are
discussed with respect to their implications for better understanding the nature of AS-related cognitive vulnerability for
panic and related anxiety psychopathology. 相似文献
3.
Francesca Shipp G. Leonard Burns Chris Desmul 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):557-564
Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity of an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattention,
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-hyperactivity/impulsivity, oppositional defiant disorder toward adults, academic
and social competence factor model with teacher ratings of Thai adolescents (n = 872) with the Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory. The five-factor model resulted in an adequate fit in
an absolute sense (i.e., CFI = .960; TLI = .985; RMSEA = .065; and WRMR = .883). All the items had significant and substantial
loadings on their respective factors (i.e., > .78) with the five-factors showing discriminant validity. The five-factor model
also resulted in similar results for boys and girls separately as well as younger and older adolescents. The current findings
with the teacher version of the measure in conjunction with earlier research with mothers’ and fathers’ ratings of Brazilian,
Thai, and American children (Burns et al., Psychological Assessment, 20, 121-130, 2008) and Thai adolescents (Burns et al., Psychological Assessment, 21, 635-641, 2009) provide increasing support for the construct validity of Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory within multiple
cultures. Procedures are also outlined to improve the content validity as well as test the construct validity of forthcoming
parent and teacher DSM-V ADHD/ODD rating scales. 相似文献
4.
Willoughby MT Waschbusch DA Moore GA Propper CB 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):19-30
This study evaluated a five-item screening measure of Callous Unemotional (CU) traits using items drawn from the Preschool
Form of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). Using data from the Durham Child Health and Development
study (N = 178), confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that CU items could be distinguished from Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant (ODD) items. The two-year stability (N = 137) of CU (ϕ = .84) was comparable to that of ADHD (ϕ = .79) and ODD (ϕ = .69). Three groups of children were selected based on parent-rated ODD and CU behaviors at the 36-month assessment (N = 37; ODD+CU, N = 7; ODD-only, N = 12; non-ODD, N = 18). Multiple measures of infant temperament predicted group membership with 84% accuracy. Consistent with Frick and Morris’
(Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 33(1):54–68, 2004) hypotheses, ODD+CU and ODD-only children exhibited temperamental profiles in infancy that were consistent with low fear
and emotionally dysregulated pathways into conduct problems, respectively. 相似文献
5.
Adrian Furnham 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2009,28(4):225-239
In all, 187 participants completed a new, self-report measure of eight multiple intelligences (Haselbauer 2005), a General Knowledge test (Irwing et al. Personality and Individual Differences 30:857–871, 2001), a measure of Approaches to Learning Styles (Biggs 1987), a measure of the Big Five personality traits (Costa and McCrae 1992), as well as gave their own estimated scores on the Gardner (1999) multiple intelligences. Alpha co-efficients were modest with only three of the eight test-derived, multiple intelligence
scores being over .70. ‘Linguistic’ and Mathematical intelligence alone were correlated with General Knowledge. Five of the
eight ‘intelligences’ were correlated both with Extraversion and Openness. Regressions indicated that ‘Intrapersonal intelligence’
was closely linked with Stability and Conscientiousness; ‘Interpersonal intelligence’ with Extraversion; ‘Linguistic intelligence’
with Openness; ‘Mathematical intelligence’ with Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Correlations between self-estimated and
test-derived emotional intelligence showed correlations ranging from r = .18 to r = .56 for similar type ‘intelligences’. This study provides modest evidence for the concurrent and construct validity of
this measure. It requires more psychometric evidence of validity before it is used. 相似文献
6.
Prejudices against minorities are still a cause of inter-ethnic conflict and violence, although their expression has changed
from blatant to more subtle forms. There has been a shortage of valid and reliable German-language scales for the measurement
of contemporary racial prejudices. The Racial Argument Scale (RAS; Saucier & Miller Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
35:433–450, 2003) measures contemporary prejudice indirectly by asking respondents to judge how well given arguments support a conclusion.
This scale was adapted to the German context with Turks as the target group. A validation study using a diverse sample of
German adults (N = 194) attests to the reliability and construct validity of the German RAS (RAS-G). The adapted instrument is thus suitable
for the indirect measurement of prejudice in German-speaking samples. 相似文献
7.
Melissa K. Runyon Robert A. Steer Esther Deblinger 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(2):129-136
The Beck Self-Concept Inventory for Youth (BYI-S; Beck et al. in Manual for the Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social
Impairment, 2001) was administered to 100 adolescents (12–17 years old) who experienced sexual abuse. An iterated principal-factor analysis
found that the BYI-S represented two highly correlated (r = .53) factors corresponding to the Self-Esteem and Competency dimensions that Steer, Kumar, Beck, and Beck (J Psychopathol Behav Assess 27:123–131, 2005) found with child psychiatric outpatients. Item analyses were used to derive two six-item subscales measuring Self-Esteem
and Competency that had coefficient αs > .80. The Self-Concept total and subscale scores were differentially correlated with various psychosocial characteristics
of the youth. Low Self-Esteem scores were associated with total number of posttraumatic symptoms and self-reported anger,
whereas low Competency scores were related to externalizing behavior problems. The BYI-S was discussed as being a useful instrument
for assessing the self-concepts of youth who have experienced sexual abuse. 相似文献
8.
This study examined the role of comorbid anxiety in treatment outcome for children with mood disorders (N = 165; age 8–11) participating in Multi-Family Psychoeducational Psychotherapy (MF-PEP). Assessments occurred at baseline,
6, 12, and 18 months for two randomly assigned groups: immediate treatment and 1-year wait-list. Most children (69%) had comorbid
anxiety disorders. Baseline comorbid anxiety, as reported on the Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes (ChIPS), was
associated with higher Children’s Depression Rating Scale- Revised (CDRS-R) scores but not Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
scores. Higher levels of anxiety symptoms were associated with lower Children’s Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) scores. Participation
in MF-PEP did not significantly reduce anxiety symptoms (p = 0.62). However, presence of comorbid anxiety did not impede reduction in depressive (CDRS-R, p = 0.74) or manic (YMRS scores, p = 0.94) symptoms following MF-PEP. More baseline anxiety symptoms were associated with greater improvement in C-GAS scores
post-treatment (p = 0.02). Implications are discussed. 相似文献
9.
Karla G. Van Leeuwen Angèle Fauchier Murray A. Straus 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2012,34(2):216-231
This study examines the advisability to distinguish dimensions of discipline, by evaluating the Dimensions of Discipline Inventory
(DDI, Straus and Fauchier 2007) in a sample of Belgian undergraduate students (N = 371) who retrospectively reported on their mothers’ and fathers’ discipline behaviors aimed at correcting child misbehavior
at age 10. First, confirmatory factor analyses showed that a model with nine factors fitted the data best, but also a model
with four second-order factors was acceptable. Second, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis with a Belgian and a U.S.
sample (N = 633) provided additional evidence for the nine-factor structure. Correlations between DDI scales and other parenting related
variables demonstrated meaningful relations. Additionally, some DDI subscales were associated with measures of current problem
behavior. To conclude, the present study illustrated that it is both useful and possible to differentiate between discipline
constructs. 相似文献
10.
Mandy Robbins Leslie J. Francis Bethan Edwards 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2010,29(2):89-94
The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) was developed by Hills and Argyle (2002) to provide a more accessible equivalent measure of the Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). The aim of the present study was
to examine the internal consistency reliability, and construct validity of this new instrument alongside the Eysenckian dimensional
model of personality. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was completed by a sample of 131 undergraduate students together
with the abbreviated form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. The data demonstrated good internal consistency
reliability (alpha = .92) and good construct validity in terms of positive association with extraversion (r = .38 p < .001) and negative association with neuroticism (r = −.57 p < .001). The kind of happiness measured by the OHQ is clearly associated with stable extraversion. 相似文献
11.
Nima Ghorbani P. J. Watson Bart L. Weathington 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2009,28(4):211-224
In theory, mindfulness has a role to play in resolving intercultural conflicts. This suggestion rests upon the relatively
untested presumption that mindfulness operates similarly across cultures. In a test of this presumption, university students
from two countries that are often in conflict at the governmental level, Iran (N = 723) and the United States (N = 900), responded to the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown and Ryan Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84(4):822–848,
2003), along with an array of other psychological measures. This Mindfulness Scale displayed structural complexities in both societies,
but a measurement invariant subscale was nevertheless identified. Similar cross-cultural evidence of concurrent validity was
obtained in relationships with wide-ranging measures of adjustment. Nonsignificant linkages with Public Self-Consciousness
and Self-Monitoring demonstrated discriminant validity in both societies. These data identified mindfulness as a cross-culturally
similar psychological process that could plausibly have a role in resolving intercultural conflicts. 相似文献
12.
Vujanovic AA Bonn-Miller MO Potter CM Marshall EC Zvolensky MJ 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):129-135
The present investigation examined the incremental associations between distress tolerance, or the perceived capacity to tolerate
emotional distress, and global posttraumatic stress symptom severity as well as symptom cluster severity, beyond the variance
accounted for by number of trauma exposure types and negative affectivity. The sample consisted of 140 adults (72 women; M
age = 25.9, SD = 11.1) who endorsed exposure to traumatic life events, as defined by posttraumatic stress disorder diagnostic criterion
A (American Psychiatric Association 2000). Participants did not meet diagnostic criteria for current axis I psychopathology. Distress tolerance demonstrated significant
incremental associations with global posttraumatic stress symptom severity (p < .01) as well as re-experiencing (p < .05), avoidance (p = .05), and hyperarousal (p < .001) symptom cluster severity. Given the cross-sectional study design, causation cannot be inferred. Theoretical implications
and future directions for better understanding associations between distress tolerance and posttraumatic stress are discussed. 相似文献
13.
Lopez-Duran NL Olson SL Hajal NJ Felt BT Vazquez DM 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(2):169-182
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) reactivity
and proactive and reactive aggression in pre-pubertal children. After a 30-min controlled base line period, 73 7-year-old
children (40 males and 33 females) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental tasks designed to elicit fear (N = 33) or frustration (N = 32), or a validity check condition (N = 8). This was followed by a 60-min controlled regulation phase. A total of 17 saliva samples for cortisol analysis were
collected including 12 post-stress samples at 5-min intervals. Reactive and proactive aggression levels were assessed via
the teacher-completed Aggression Behavior Teacher Checklist (Dodge and Coie, J Pers Soc Psychol, 53(6), 1146–1158, 1987). Reactive aggression significantly predicted total and peak post-stress cortisol regardless of stress modality. Proactive
aggression was not a predictor of any cortisol index. Examination of pure reactive, proactive, combined, or non-aggressive
children indicated that reactive aggressive children had higher cortisol reactivity than proactive and non-aggressive children.
Our data suggest that while an overactive HPA-axis response to stress is associated with reactive aggression, stress induced
HPA-axis variability does not seem to be related to proactive aggression. 相似文献
14.
New Directions in Measuring Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Validation of a Teacher Questionnaire
The well-known distinction between reactive and proactive aggression is theoretically important but empirically controversial.
Recently, aggression researchers have argued that we should separate the form and function of aggression to make a clearer
distinction between reactive and proactive aggression. This article describes the validation of a new teacher-report Instrument
for Reactive and Proactive Aggression (IRPA) that assesses the form separate from the function of aggression. We demonstrated
good discriminant, convergent, and construct validity of the IRPA in a sample of 427 children aged 10 to 13. Reactive and
proactive functions of aggression were independent constructs (r = 0.03) which indicates excellent discriminant validity. Convergent validity was satisfactory; scores from the IRPA were
moderately to highly related to scores from the widely used Teacher Rating Instrument, TRI (Dodge and Coie in Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology 53:1146–1158, 1987). Additionally, reactive and proactive aggression showed unique correlations with most a priori hypothesized theoretically
relevant variables, which indicates construct validity. (150 words) 相似文献
15.
Rodney G. Bowden Beth A. Lanning Eva I. Doyle Becky Slonaker Holly M. Johnston Georgene Scanes 《Applied research in quality of life》2008,3(2):149-160
This study (N = 98) randomly placed participants in either a higher protein or American Heart Association diet group with each group initiating
an aerobic exercise program. Body composition (BC) was measured using four different methodologies (DEXA, BIA, skinfold, BMI)
along with height and weight, while Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) changes were measured using the Medical Outcomes
Short Form 36 (SF-36). There were no significant time/diet interactions in HRQOL scores, body fat measures, and weight with
the exception of Role-Physical scores (p = .006) with posttest scores higher in participants in Diet 1. Role-Physical scores changed significantly in participants
in Diet 1 (p = .0001) and Diet 2 (p = .026) with higher posttest scores in each group. Social functioning had a significant main effect for time in both groups
with pretest scores in both diet groups lower than their respective posttest scores (p = .015). HRQOL pretest scores were not significantly different between groups at baseline (p = .56). ANOVA revealed no significant differences in average calories between groups (p = .88). Analysis revealed no differences in exercise in minutes (p = .66) nor statistically significant changes in BC or weight (p = .65). Conclusions: Improvements in HRQOL were demonstrated in two subscales related to physiological and psychological functioning. These novel
findings add to literature suggesting that HRQOL, at least concerning social functioning, work and other daily activities
(Role-Physical) may improve by initiating an exercise and dietary program even when weight loss or BC improvements have been
unsuccessful. 相似文献
16.
Teresa M. Leyro Amit Bernstein Anka A. Vujanovic Alison C. McLeish Michael J. Zvolensky 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):47-57
The present investigation evaluated the factor structure of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS; Simons and Gaher 2005) among
a sample of 173 (54.9% males) daily cigarette smokers (M = 16.64 cigarettes per day, SD = 7.83). Comparison of a single higher-order model and a hierarchical multidimensional model was conducted using confirmatory
factor analyses (CFA). In addition, evaluation of the internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity of the
better-fitting model was completed. CFA of the DTS indicated a single second-order factor of distress tolerance, and four
lower-order factors including Tolerance, Appraisal, Absorption, and Regulation; each factor demonstrated acceptable levels
of internal consistency. In addition, the DTS displayed good convergent and discriminant validity with theoretically relevant
smoking and affect variables. Results are discussed in terms of explicating the latent structure of distress tolerance, as
measured by the DTS, within the context of smoking research. 相似文献
17.
The goal of this paper is to present possible change in quality of life (QoL) in older sample of people with vision disturbances.
The patients were investigated twice: before (N = 193) and 4 month after the cataract surgery (N = 69), by means of the scale for vision functioning, and the Life Quality Questionnaire (Schalock & Keith, 1993) extend with the items measuring health related quality of life (HRQoL). Two problems were formulated: To what extent are
visual defects associated with the decreased subjective QoL? What changes are observed in perceived QoL during the period
of treatment of visual defects? The patients reported significant increase of HRQoL, however they did not report similar increase
of a general QoL. Few reasons are considered: overlapping of the content of visual function scales and HRQoL and different
indices of a general QoL and HRQoL, lack of a proper postoperative care, low socio-economic status of the participants, and
too high expectation concerning better functioning after the surgery. 相似文献
18.
Quincy J. J. Wong Michelle L. Moulds 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(2):273-284
Clark and Wells’ (1995) model of social phobia proposes that there are three types of maladaptive self-beliefs responsible for persistent social
anxiety (high standard, conditional, and unconditional beliefs). Although these beliefs are theoretically important, there
currently is not a validated measure of these beliefs in the social anxiety literature. Hence, the Self-Beliefs Related to
Social Anxiety (SBSA) Scale was developed (Wong & Moulds, 2010a) and its psychometric properties were examined in the current study using a non-clinical sample (N = 600). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses ultimately indicated that a correlated three-factor solution optimally
summarized the data with the three factors corresponding to the three belief types. The SBSA and its three subscales demonstrated
good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and divergent validity. The SBSA thus appears
to have good psychometric properties and is appropriate for use in non-clinical samples. The potential applications of the
SBSA and avenues for future research are discussed. 相似文献
19.
This study contrasts results from different correlational methods for examining links between mother and child (N = 72 dyads) reports of early adolescent (M = 11.5 years) behavior problems and relationship negativity and support. Simple (Pearson) correlations revealed a consistent
pattern of statistically significant associations, regardless of whether scores came from the same reporter or from different
reporters. When correlations between behavior problems and relationship quality differed, within-reporter correlations were
always greater in magnitude than between-reporter correlations. Dyadic (common fate) analyses designed for interdependent
data decomposed within-reporter correlations into variance shared across reporters (dyadic correlations) and variance unique
to specific reporters (individual correlations). Dyadic correlations were responsible for most associations between adolescent
behavior problems and relationship negativity; after partitioning variance shared across reporters, no individual correlations
emerged as statistically significant. In contrast, adolescent behavior problems were linked to relationship support via both
shared variance and variance unique to maternal perceptions. Dyadic analyses provide a parsimonious alternative to multiple
contrasts in instances when identical measures have been collected from multiple reporters. Findings from these analyses indicate
that same-reporter variance bias should not be assumed in the absence of dyadic statistical analyses. 相似文献
20.
Considering that group comparisons are common in social science, we examined two latent group mean testing methods when groups of interest were either at the between or within level of multilevel data: multiple-group multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MG ML CFA) and multilevel multiple-indicators multiple-causes modeling (ML MIMIC). The performance of these methods were investigated through three Monte Carlo studies. In Studies 1 and 2, either factor variances or residual variances were manipulated to be heterogeneous between groups. In Study 3, which focused on within-level multiple-group analysis, six different model specifications were considered depending on how to model the intra-class group correlation (i.e., correlation between random effect factors for groups within cluster). The results of simulations generally supported the adequacy of MG ML CFA and ML MIMIC for multiple-group analysis with multilevel data. The two methods did not show any notable difference in the latent group mean testing across three studies. Finally, a demonstration with real data and guidelines in selecting an appropriate approach to multilevel multiple-group analysis are provided. 相似文献