Group Therapy Today: Styles,Methods, and Techniques

Abstract

This article describes the common resistance patterns that occur in ongoing cancer support groups. These resistances, which can often go unrecognized, are a normal part of group development and group life in such groups, rather than the result of a few “problem” group members. The thesis of this article posits that the identification and working through of these resistances creates openings to deeper engagement among members and to overall greater group cohesion. Technical guidelines are offered for working with these resistances in the group-as-a-whole, in members, and also in the therapist.     

Qualitative Methods in Family Evaluation: Creative Assessment Techniques

Traditionally, family therapists have used experiential activities primarily as interventions. In this article, the authors discuss the role that experiential therapy methods can play in qualitative family assessment. It is believed that these methods can be quite helpful in engaging family members in a collaborative evaluation process. The authors discuss the advantages of qualitative assessment as complement to more quantitative family evaluation measures and present several illustrative qualitative assessment procedures.     

A Stark Examination of Prison Culture and Prison Ministry

Abstract : This article offers an insightful examination of prison ministry from the inside, from someone who has been involved with this ministry for over forty‐five years. The author discusses four major issues that are particularly costly, both in terms of personal human costs and also financial costs. First, society's misconceptions about prison violence, and the complex, varied ways prisoners experience violence. Second, the false sense of security the current practices of institutionalization create, and the consequences they have on the inmates. Third, the risk factors that can predispose children to ending up in prison, and the lack of care and attention those children often receive. And fourth, the way in which the criminalization of drug abuse has exacerbated many problems with the current prison system. The author concludes his article with some suggestions for reforming the prison system.     

Symposium: Research In Projective Techniques

Psychotic and nonpsychotic psychiatric inpatients were tested on the Rorschach. "Reality-testing" was measured by four form-level scoring systems designed by Beck, Mayman, Becket, and Wilensky, The psychotic subjects were dichotomized on three diagnostic dimensions: schizophrenia, paranoia, and premorbid social adjustment. No significant differences were found for the Beck system. With the other systems, psychotics showed significantly poorer reality testing than nonpsychotics. No differenced were found for the schizophrenic and paranoid dimensions. The Phillips premorbid adjustment score was negatively correlated with all four measures of "reality-testing." The conclusion drawn was that Rorschach measures of "reality-testing" are associated with psychotic and poor premorbid functioning, but do not differentiate schizophrenic from nonschizophrenic psychotics or paranoid schizophrenics from nonparanoid schizophrenics.     

眼动记录技术与方法综述

眼动记录法是一种重要的心理学研究方法,目前已被广泛地应用于心理学的基础研究和应用研究领域之中。本文对主要的眼动记录方法进行了总结和分析,对国内外眼动记录仪的研制和发展情况进行了介绍,并就眼动记录技术和方法的前景提出了几点看法。     

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods: A Research Model

A historical antagonism between proponents of qualitative methods and quantitative methods has prevented recognition of the benefits to be gained by employing both methods (that is, a multi-method approach) during the same study or program of studies. Increasingly, family therapy researchers have begun to recognize the value of a multi-method approach in bridging the current gaps among theory, research, and practice. However, current writings have yet to move beyond the discussion stage. This article proposes a bidirectional continuum that includes both qualitative and quantitative methods. An ethnographic content analysis approach is presented to illustrate the procedural stages of this continuum. The article ends with a discussion of the challenges in carrying out a bidirectional, multi-method approach and the potential contributions that an integrative research methodology will give both researchers and clinicians.     

辩证情绪:研究方法及展望

有关辩证情绪的实证研究已经成为情绪研究中的一个新的热点问题,并从一个本土心理学的研究领域演变为主流心理学的研究课题。辩证情绪是指积极和消极情绪的共存。文章对辩证情绪的研究方法进行了回顾,主要包括辩证情绪研究范式的演变、辩证情绪的诱发方法、辩证情绪的测量方法以及辩证情绪的计算方法,并对不同的研究方法的优缺点及其贡献进行了比较和分析。最后,文章对辩证情绪研究方法的未来发展提出了展望。     

Women in Prison

Abstract

The issues and needs of addicted women are for the most part invisible in the criminal justice system. Historically, treatment, research and recovery have been based on men's lives, often neglecting women's experience. While statistics indicate that for women there is a high correlation between drug abuse and incarceration and parole/probation violations, a comprehensive continuum of care is missing. This article presents a relational model of treatment which incorporates the multiple issues in women's recovery and is based on the integration of three theoretical perspectives–addiction, trauma and women's psychological development. The strengths and limitations of Twelve Step programs for women are also discussed.     

Women's Perceptions of the Prison Environment: When Prison is the safest place i've ever been

Incarcerated women's perceptions of the prison environment were explored with respect to relative level of safety from interpersonal abuse in prison as compared to before incarceration. Perceived levels of safety were analyzed based on reported past experiences of interpersonal violence. Participants were 65 women incarcerated in a medium security prison for women with mental and physical health problems. Women's perceptions of safety were evaluated using close–ended quantitative and open–ended qualitative self–report questions. The results suggest that, for some women, prison may be a relatively safe environment and that perceived level of safety may vary with the extent of previous experience of interpersonal violence in childhood and adulthood. Given that the structure of correctional institutions often incorporates abusive dynamics, the directionality of the findings is theoretically and socially important. The patterns apparent in these data are also consistent with other research and theory on the experiences of incarcerated women.     

Accountability Through Action Research: Research Methods for Practitioners

This article summarizes how outcome research methodologies can be incorporated into counseling practice in many settings. Performing an outcome study can assist counselors in evaluating their own effectiveness. In addition, more field-based studies can contribute to the empirical knowledge base. An overview of the steps involved in an outcome or evaluative study is discussed, and a summary is provided of instruments and techniques for research in mental health counseling, career counseling, and school counseling.     

Solution-Focused Therapy in Prison

This is a report on a combined therapy and research project conducted with a seriously criminal population in Swedish prisons and using a Solution-Focused Brief Therapy approach with a focus on networks. Recidivism was significantly lower and less serious among experimental group participants. A case study is included.     

Crowding in a Woman's Prison: Attitudinal and Behavioral Effects1

Two studies were conducted to assess the impact of crowding on female inmates. The first study, an archival analysis of the records of 561 women prisoners, showed that the average population in the institution was significantly related to the transformed rate of disciplinary infractions, even when other variables had been controlled for. The second study, which used a questionnaire, found that inmates' perceived control was positively related to liking for their room and negatively related to their reported stress and physical symptoms. In addition, the stress inmates experienced was negatively related to liking for their room and positively related to physical symptoms.     

Prison Theology: A Theology of Liberation,Hope and Justice

Abstract : In our nation today, the number of prisons and prisoners continue to grow at rates that are out‐of‐control. One in 100 of our citizens is in jail or prison, the highest ratio in the world. Unlike the poor, homeless, critically ill, and elderly, those in prison are separated from us to the degree they are unseen. Unseen also, is the oppressiveness of the criminal justice system that oversees more than 6.5 million people either in confinement or on probation or parole. Liberation theology, which advocates and works toward freeing people from oppression, includes feminist, black, womanist and Latino/Hispanic movements. This article proposes prison theology as part of the liberation theology family and identifies a prison theology based on liberation, hope and justice. It encourages a prison theology movement led by the church to liberate those under the oppressiveness of the criminal justice system, especially those confined and to energize a passion for justice and compassion for the oppressed throughout the criminal justice system.     

The Mentally Retarded Inmate: Prison Adjustment and Implications for Treatment

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there are differences in the prison adaptation of mentally retarded and nonretarded inmates.