Correlates of Vocational Success in Refugee Work Adaptation1

Past research on Indochinese refugees has shown that status inconsistency (loss of socioeconomic status from their last job in Indochina to their most recent job in the United States) has a strong negative effect on acculturation. This study examines refugee adaptation to working in America and the effect of status inconsistency on work performance. After three years in the U.S., there was great improvement in job performance. We had predicted that greater status inconsistency would be associated with poorer vocational performance. The status inconsistency effect was found for those refugees who previously held high-prestige positions in their homeland, but only during the time before they had spent 3 years in America. Previous high-prestige refugees who had lived in the U.S. for less than three years did not stay on their jobs as long as former low-prestige refugees. After three years, however, the former high-prestige refugees outlasted the former low-prestige refugees.     

Team Counseling in Counselor Education

This research compares effectiveness of interaction between student counselors and clients in the counseling practicum utilizing two approaches. One approach involves two student counselors working together simultaneously as a team; the other is the standard counseling approach. Significant differences in satisfaction were found in favor of the team approach. Results suggested that counselor security was enhanced in the team situation, thereby facilitating communication.     

Interpersonal Consequences of Expressing Personal or Team Affect for Team Success or Failure Among Turkish Students

Two experiments were conducted among Turkish students to explore the effects of team or personally oriented expressions of pride or shame for joint success or failure on evaluations of the outcome, team, and partner; causal attributions were also explored. In the second experiment, complying with a partner's choice of task and influencing the preference for future partners under high or low pressure were examined. Results indicated that for success outcomes, team expressions (relative to personal ones) caused more favorable evaluations of the outcome, team harmony, and the partner, and more causal attributions to the team as a unit. Nonsignificant but consistent opposite tendencies were observed for failure outcomes. The results of the second experiment further indicated that low pressure was more effective than high in increasing preference for personally oriented partners and was marginally effective in increasing agreement for future tasks under the personal expression condition.     

External Correlates of the Personality Assessment Inventory Higher Order Structures

This brief report explores the external correlates of 2 higher order structures of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991, 2007); Hoelzle and Meyer's (2009a, 2009b) PAI Components and Hopwood and Moser's (2011) Internalizing and Externalizing Dimensions. Scores from these higher order structures were correlated with life-event data including education, marital status, employment, suicide attempts, psychiatric hospitalizations, trauma, medical problems, hallucinations, paranoid ideation, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and arrest. Although some differences were noted, the results showed that both Hoelzle and Meyer's Components and Hopwood and Moser's Dimensions were meaningfully correlated with a wide range of life outcomes in a conceptually consistent manner. Overall, these findings provide support for the utility of these higher order variables.     

Personal Encounter in Higher Education

The undergraduate course in the psychology of personal and social development at the University of California at Davis recently underwent some methodological changes. The changes were the addition of weekly encounter groups to traditional lecture during the fall and winter quarter and the substitution of the encounter groups for lectures during the spring quarter. Students found that the addition of the encounter groups to the lecture increased their involvement in the course and made it a much more meaningful and relevant experience when compared with other college courses already taken. Students in the class where the encounter groups took the place of the lecture not only found their experience more meaningful and relevant when compared with the traditional lecture class but also scored as well as the lecture class on an identical final exam.     

Higher Education in Light of the Cross

What is the summum bonum of a university education? The much lauded “liberal” approach of Aristotle, Newman, and Roche proposes that education is for contemplating the truth—an intrinsic, joyous end in itself. This approach offers the benefits of pursuing truth, virtues, and intellectual habits, but it also carries with it the temptations of idealatry and homo incurvatus in se. Christian universities can reform this approach to education, though, with Luther's theology of the cross, reorienting it through the crucified Christ toward the highest ends of life revealed in God's word: faith in God and love for the neighbor.     

Interprofessional Education: Preparing Psychologists for Success in Integrated Primary Care

Rapidly occurring changes in the healthcare arena mean time is of the essence for psychology to formalize a strategic plan for training in primary care settings. The current article articulates factors affecting models of integrated care in Academic Health Centers (AHCs) and describes ways to identify and utilize resources at AHCs to develop interprofessional educational and clinical integrated care opportunities. The paper asserts that interprofessional educational experiences between psychology and other healthcare providers are vital to insure professionals value one another’s disciplines in health care reform endeavors, most notably the patient-centered initiatives. The paper highlights ways to create shared values and common goals between primary care providers and psychologists, which are needed for trainee internalization of integrated care precepts. A developmental perspective to training from pre-doctoral, internship and postdoctoral levels for psychologists in integrated care is described. Lastly, a call to action is given for the field to develop more opportunities for psychology trainees to receive education and training within practica, internships and postdoctoral fellowships in primary care settings to address the reality that most patients seek their mental health treatment in primary care settings.     

Critical Success Factors of Rural and Urban Special Education Administration

Perceptions and opinions are reported of special education administrators in Indiana and Massachusetts. The data that are presented reflect administrators' ratings of factors that they consider critical to their personal success on-the-job and factors they see as essential to successful functioning of their organizational unit. Discussion occurs within the context of operation of special services programs in single district units and those found in cooperative or intermediate unit structures.     

当下高等医学人文教育的困境与出路

医学人文教育是医学教育不可或缺的重要组成部分,医学科学精神与医学人文精神的融合是医学学科发展的目标和方向.当下医学人文教育的困境在于:医学人文教育与政治教育混谈,人文教育目标不明;医学人文教学与社会现实脱节,人文教学效果不佳.破解医学人文教育的困境,必须从顶层设计,跳出医学人文教育看教育,实施医学人文教育发展战略,实现医学教育的全面、协调、可持续发展.     

The Ethics of Dual Relationships in Higher Education

Dual relationships between professors and students have many ethical risks. This article discusses how the professor's role, characteristics of the situation, characteristics of the student, and a set of four decision criteria can be used to assess the risks of dual relationships. The examples of a professor who is involved in a consensual sexual relationship with a student and a professor who has a friend who wants to enroll in his or her class are used to demonstrate how the decision criteria can be applied. Several general characteristics of dual relationships are discussed.     

On Online Practices of Hospitality in Higher Education

Studies in Philosophy and Education - This article contributes to conversations on hospitality in educational settings, with a focus on higher education and the online context. We integrate...     

试论我国高等教育的公平问题

教育公平是社会公平的重要内容和实现途径,也关乎校园和谐及社会稳定。从我国高等教育发展的起点、过程、结果和内部管理来看,都存在着诸多不公平现象。为了我国促进高等教育公平发展,应认真贯彻落实《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》;加大和完善对高等教育的经费投入;把创建公平竞争环境与实施必要的帮扶政策结合起来;加强高校内部管理中的公平操作。     

Revealing the Hidden Curriculum in Higher Education

The so-called ‘hidden curriculum’ (HC) is often presented as a counterproductive element in education, and many scholars argue that it should be eliminated, by being made explicit, in education in general and specifically in higher education (HE). The problem of the HC has not been solved by the transition from a teacher-centered education to a student-centered educational model that takes the student’s experience as the starting point of learning. In this article we turn to several philosophers of education (Dewey, Kohlberg, Whitehead, Peters and Knowles) to propose that HC can be made explicit in HE when the teacher recognizes and lives his/her teaching as a personal issue, not merely a technical one; and that the students’ experience of the learning process is not merely individual but emerges through their interpersonal relationship with the teacher. We suggest ways in which this interpersonal relationship can be strengthened despite current challenges in HE.     

The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Higher Education

The following article discusses the importance of incorporating a focus on emotional intelligence, which can be increased, into higher education. It delineates potential personal, social, and societal consequences of so doing and as well as possible effects it could have on the university milieu. Finally, it discusses avenues via which such a focus could be incorporated.     

探究高等教育护理专业关怀教育路径

关怀教育与护理教育的结合已成为培养护理学生关怀意识和能力的一种趋势.运用诺丁斯关怀教育理论和护理关怀教育特点,构建以培养学生关怀能力为目标,设置显性和隐性关怀课程为教育内容,使用满足学生关怀个性、关怀体验、与教师关怀关系的需要的关怀教育方法,建立自我评价、欣赏评价、他人评价的关怀教育体系.     

Guidance and Counselling in Further and Higher Education

The publication in 1973 of Student Counselling in Practice signalled a new phase in the development of both careers and counselling services in the tertiary sector. The emergence of the professional careers adviser in higher education is described alongside the key role of the Association of Graduate Careers Advisory Services. The gradual professionalisation of student counselling is shown to have taken a different form, as a result of the policies of the Association for Student Counselling with its insistence on role definition and the accreditation of practitioners. Developments in further education are briefly reviewed, and a final section considers the present situation and possible future trends.     

Supportive Classroom Environments For Creativity in Higher Education

ABSTRACT This qualitative study was an investigation of a supportive classroom environment for developing student creativity. Observations and interview data collected focused on assessment, classroom activities, and the teacher's effort in creating this supportive environment. Teacher-student relationships, de-emphasizing standardized assessment, and encouraging multiple perspectives was significant to this creative milieu.