Hostage Negotiation as a Team Enterprise

Hostage negotiation, although appearing to be a one-to-one encounter is actually a team effort that demands a very high level of coordination and common understandings and purpose. The processes required to produce this team effort are described, as are the various roles played by members of the team. Examples are given of specific incidents in which the ancillary roles were highly significant in producing a positive outcome. The apparent centrality of the solitary negotiator, then, masks the concentrated efforts of other specialists whose efforts and interactions with the incident commander and the negotiator contribute to team effectiveness. Professor Emeritus of Forensic Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice (C.U.N.Y.), has trained hostage negotiators for police and other agencies both in the United States and in EuropeDirector of the Criminal Justice Center at John Jay College of Criminal Justice was for six years Team Commander and Chief Negotiator of The Hostage Negotiation Unit of the New York City Police Department     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Jack Pustilnick and Dale Riepe, The Structure of Philosophy
Herbert Fingarette, Confucius: The Secular as Sacred
Brian Barry, The Liberal Theory of Justice; A Critical Examination of the Principal Doctrines of a Theory of Justice by John Rawls     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: THE MARX-ENGELS CHRONICLE: A Day-by-Day Chronology of Marx and Engels' Life and Activity, Volume I of THE MARX-ENGELS CYCLOPEDIA Hal Draper with the assistance of the Center for Socialist History New York. ECOLOGY AS POLITICS André Gorz Translated from French by Patsy Vigderman and Jonathan Cloud. ETHICAL PROBLEMS IN HIGHER EDUCATION George M. Robinson and Janice Moulton Englewood Cliffs, N.J. THE ETHICS OF TEACHING Kenneth A. Strike and Jonas F. Soltis New York. ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE USE OF COMPUTERS Deborah Johnson and John Snapperz THE MAN OF REASON “Male” and “Female” in Western Philosophy Genevieve Lloyd Minneapolis. SELF-DECEPTION AND SELF-UNDERSTANDING: New Essays in Philosophy and Psychology Mike W. AMERICAN FREEDOM AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES James Deese. THE MORALITY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: Equal Justice Under Law? Michael E. Endres. LAW'S EMPIRE Ronald Dworkin Cambridge.     

SHORT NOTICES

New Dictionary of Christian Ethics and Pastoral Theology , David Atkinson and David Field (eds) Promise Fulfilled , Carlo Maria Martini, St Paul's The Eucharist (Problems in Theology Series), Raymond Moloney SJ The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church , J. L. Houlden (ed.) Invitation to Faith , John Macquame The Big Questions: Believing with Heart and Mind , Rob Garner You Will Receive Power: The Holy Spirit and His Gifts , Ian Petit OSB Healing in the Spirit: Inner Healing and Deliverance in Today's Church , Jim McManus Barriers to Belief: Steps to Stronger Faith , Nigel McCulloch, Darton, Longman & Todd Preaching on God's Justice , John B. Taylor, Mowbray Crossing the Line: Teaching and Practical Suggestions for Evangelization , Michele Moran, Darton, Longman & Todd Knowing by Heart: Bible Reading for Spiritual Growth , Norvene Vest, Darton, Longman & Todd Were You There? Surviving Life's Setbacks , Rosemary Harthill Mission and Dialogue: Proclaiming the Gospel Afresh in Every Age , Michael Nazir-Ali The Basics: Christianity , Peter Pawlowsky The Song of Songs: A Continental Commentary , Othmar Keel Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals: Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham , Paul Vincent Spade Church for the City , Eric Blakebrough (ed.), Darton, Longman & Todd Bioethics , Francisco Javier Elizari Basterra, St Paul's Contemporary Christian Religious Responses to the Shoah , (Studies in the Shoah Volume VI), Steven L. Jacobs (ed.)     

Book review

Review of Buchanan, Allen, et al. From Chance to Choice: Genetics and Justice (New York: Cambridge University Press; 2000).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Counseling Strategies and Objectives by Harold Hackney and Sherilyn Nye. Counseling Children in Groups: A Forum edited by Merle M. Ohlsen. Principles and Techniques of Vocational Guidance by H. H. London. Counseling and Accountability: Methods and Critique by Harman D. Burck, Harold F. Cottingham, and Robert C. Reardon. Mental Health on Campus: A Field Study by Raymond M. Glasscote and Michael E. Fishman. Guidance for Human Growth by Norman A. Sprint-hall. La Causa Chicana: The Movement for Justice edited by Margaret M. Mangold. Women in the Work Force: Confrontation with Change edited by Mildred E. Making Vocational Choices: A Theory of Careers by John L. Holland. Creative Approach to Sex Education and Counseling by Patricia Schiller. New York: Association Press, 1973. 255 pp. $12.00. Career Education: New Approaches to Human Development by Larry J. Bailey and Ronald W. Stadt.     

Book Reviews

Quine, W.V. From Stimulus to Science
Leonardi, P. and Santambrogio M. (eds) On Quine: New Essays
Papineau, David Philosophical Naturalism
Carroll, John W. Laws of Nature
Read, Stephen Thinking about Logic: an Introduction to the Philosophy of Logic
Hacking, Ian Rewriting the Soul: Multiple Personality and the Sciences of Memory
Janaway, Christopher Images of Excellence: Plato's Critique of the Arts
Scaltsas, Theodore Substance and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics
Spellman, Lynne Substance and Separation in Aristotle
Garver, Eugene Aristotle's Rhetoric: an Art of Character
Miller, Fred D. Jr Nature, Justice, and Rights in Aristotle's Politics
Broadie, Alexander The Shadow of Scotus: Philosophy and Faith in Pre-Reformation Scotland
Hunter, Graeme (ed) Spinoza: the Enduring Questions
Owensby, Jacob Dilthey and the Narrative of History
Frascolla, Pasquale Wittgenstein's Philosophy of Mathematics
Hahn, Lewis Edwin (ed) The Philosophy of Paul Ricoeur
Llewelyn, John Emmanuel Lévinas: the Genealogy of Ethics     

Rawls and Research on Cognitively Impaired Patients: A Reply to Maio

In his paper, “The Relevance of Rawls’ Principle of Justice for Research on Cognitively Impaired Patients” (Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 23 (2002):45–53), Giovanni Maio has developed athought-provoking argument for the permissibility of non-therapeutic research on cognitively impaired patients. Maio argues that his conclusion follows from the acceptance of John Rawls’s principles of justice, specifically, Rawls’s “liberty principle” Maio has misinterpreted Rawls’s “libertyprinciple” – correctly interpreted it does notsupport non-therapeutic research on cognitivelyimpaired patients. Three other ‘Rawlsian’ arguments are suggested by Maio’s discussion –two “self-respect” arguments and a “presumed consent” argument – but none of them are convincing. However, an alternative argument developed from Rawls’s discussion of “justice in health care” in his most recent book, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, may justify certain kinds of non-therapeutic research on some cognitively impaired patients in special circumstances. We should not expect anything more permissive from a liberal theory of justice. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Procedural injustice at work,justice sensitivity,job satisfaction and psychosomatic well‐being

In a field study with 295 factory employees, three hypotheses were tested: (1) Procedural injustice at work is correlated negatively with job satisfaction and psychosomatic well‐being. (2) The perception of procedural injustice depends on the person's chronic justice sensitivity. (3) Justice sensitivity moderates the correlation of procedural injustice with satisfaction and well‐being, the correlation becoming larger with increasing justice sensitivity. Procedural injustice was defined as the discrepancy between desired (ought) and perceived (is) procedures. Justice sensitivity and procedural fairness according to Leventhal's criteria (consistency, nonpartiality, accuracy, correctability, representativeness) and one additional criterion (open information) were measured via questionnaire. Job satisfaction, number of sick days during the last six months and number of days a person felt sick at work during the last six months served as indicators of psychosomatic well‐being. The first and second hypotheses were supported by the data. Partial support was also obtained for the third hypothesis: Justice sensitivity moderated the correlation of procedural unfairness with (a) the number of days the person felt sick at work and (b) the sum of this variable with the number of sick days. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Juvenile Justice Reform in New York State

ABSTRACT

This article describes the work at the Division of Criminal Justice Services of New York State, in collaboration with other state partners, integrating developments in neuroscience, in particularly the understanding of the adolescent brain, into practical, well informed changes to the juvenile justice system in New York State. The process started in earnest in 2010 with a statewide collective impact planning process that included data-driven analysis, extensive interviews with juvenile justice stakeholders, and an analysis of effective practices in New York State and across the nation. This process resulted in the implementation of action steps outlined in a strategic plan for juvenile justice reform entitled Safe Communities, Successful Youth: A Shared Vision for the New York State Juvenile Justice System, released in July 2011. Since that time, we have developed a sophisticated network of juvenile justice stakeholders to come together to work on implementing effective strategies to promote youth success and ensure public safety. Specifically, we have developed statewide metrics and county profiles that allow us to track 235 data points across the juvenile justice system over time so we can get a sense of system effectiveness and pinpoint potential areas of focus. We have also established nine Regional Youth Justice Teams across the State to bring system stakeholders together on a regional basis so that we can more effectively impact change based on the needs of different communities. Finally, we are excited that we will soon be launching a new best practices institute, which will help us to develop and share model interventions for our most vulnerable youth.     

Editor's Choice

The Editor reviews:
Christopher D. Marshall, Beyond Retribution: A New Testament Vision for Justice, Crime, and Punishment     

Re:Views

DEPRESSION: Concepts, Controversies, and Some New Facts: Springer Publishing Company Break the Smoking Habit: A Behavioral Program for Giving Up Cigarettes: Research Press Company, Champaign, Illinois A Guide to Writing and Publishing in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: New York: John Wiley & Sons Beyond Sex Roles: West Publishing Company     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Liberating Paul: The Justice of God and the Politics of the Apostle, Neil Elliott The Ecclesiology of Karl Rahner, Richard Lennan The Theology of the Gospel of John, D. Moody Smith Peace in Ireland: Two States, One People , David Bleakley The Illusion of the End , Jean Baudrillard Consciousness and the Mind of God, Charles Taliaferro Spirituality of the Third World: A Cry for Life , K. C. Abraham and Bernadette Mbuy-Beya (eds) Europe: Was It Ever Really Christian? The Interaction between Gospel and Culture, Anton Wessels Religion in Europe: Contemporary Perspectives, Sean Gill, Gavin D'Costa and Ursula King (eds) Media, Communication, Culture: A Global Approach, James Lull King Alfred's College of Higher Education Christianity: Its Essence and History, Hans Kting Justice, Courtesy and Love: Theologians and Missionaries Encountering World Religions 1846-1914, Kenneth Cracknell An Ethics for Enemies: Forgiveness in Politics, Donald W. Shriver Jr Rethinking Metaphysics , L. Gregory Jones and Stephen Fowl (eds) Grace and Responsibility: A Wesleyan Theology for Today, John B. Cobb     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Social World of Jesus and the Gospels , Bruce J. Malina
Resurrection and Discipleship. Interpretive Models, Biblical Reflections, Theological Consequences , Thonvald Lorenzen
The Tapestry of Early Christian Discourse. Rhetoric, Society Idelogy , Vermon K. Robbins
Spirituality and the Secular Quest , Peter H. Van Ness (ed.)
Faithful Change. The Personal and Public Challenges of Post-modern Life , James Fowler
From Chaos to Mission - Refounding Religious Life Formation , Gerald A. Arbuckle SM
Dying to be One , David Butler
Interpreting Charismatic Experience , David Middlemiss
Toward a Theology of the Body , Mary T. Prokes, T. &K T. Clark
Religion, Literature, and Politics in Post-Reformation England, 1540–1688 , Donna B. Hamilton and Richard Strier (eds)
The Churches in England from Elizabeth I to Elizabeth II, Vol. I: 1558–1688 , Kenneth Hylson-Smith
Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora: From Alexander to Trajan (323 BCE-117 CE) , John M. G. Barclay
The Islamic Middle East: An Historical Anthropology , Charles Lindholm
German and Scandinavian Protestantism 1700–1918 , Nicholas Hope
The Question of Meaning: A Theological and Philosophical Orientation , Gerhard Sauter, trans. and ed. by Geoffrey W. Bromiley
John A. Ryan. Economic Justice. Selections from Distributive Justice and A Living Wage , Harlan R. Beckley (ed.)
Doing Theology for the People of God: Studies in Honour of J. I. Packer , Donald Lewis and Alister McGrath (eds)
Postmodern Theory and Biblical Theology , Brian D. Ingraffia
Biblical Theology: Problems and Perspectives. In Honor of J. Christian Beker , Steven J. Kraftchik, Charles D. Myers, Jr., and Ben C. Ollenburger (eds)     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: How to Get Profitable Ideas: For Creative Problem Solving. by John D. Yeck, New York: McGrazo-Hill, 1965 Industrial Creativity — the psychology of the inventor, by Joseph Rossman, New Hyde Park, New York: University Books, 1964 Put Your Mother on the Ceiling. by Richard deMille, New York: Walker & Company, 1967 Teaching for Creative Endeavor. edited by William B. Michael, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1968 Creative Living for Today. by Maxwell Maltz, M.D., New York: Trident Press, 1967 Creative Power: The Education of Youth in the Creative Arts. by Hughes Mearns (Second Revised Edition), New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1958, Reprinted 1968 Creative Teaching in the Elementary School. by Abraham Shumsky, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1965 Language and Thought. by John B. Carroll, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1964 The Logic of Scientific Discovery. by Karl R. Popper, New York: Basic Books, 1959     

REVIEWS

The Missions of Jesus and the Disciples according to the Fourth Gospel. With Implications for the Fourth Gospel's Purpose and the Mission of the Contemporary Church , Andreas J. Köstenberger, Eerdmans 1998 Beginning Old Testament Study , J. Rogerson (ed), new edn Language and Imagery in the Old Testament , J. C. L. Gibson Women in the Footsteps of the Buddha. Struggle for Liberation in the Ther?gāthā, K.R. Blackstone The New Liberalism. Faith for the Third Millennium , Jonathan Clatworthy (ed), After Noah: Animals and the Liberation of Theology , Andrew Linzey and Dan Cohn-Sherbok, Mowbray 1997 Jewish Wisdom in the Hellenistic Age , John J. Collins, T. & T. Clark 1998 Rereading the Rabbis. A Woman's Voice , Judith Hauptman Women in the Holocaust , Dalia Ofer and Lenore J. Weitzman (eds) Seeds of Hope. A Henri Nouwen Reader , Robert Durback (ed) The Road to Peace: Writings on Peace and Justice , Henri Nouwen, John Dear (ed) Who are we Now? Christian Humanism and the Global Market from Hegel to Heaney , Nicholas Boyle, T. & T. Clark 1998 Grace and Mortgage. The Language of Faith and the Debt of the World Rationality and Religion. Does Faith Need Reason ?, Roger Trigg The Religion of Being , Don Cupitt Religious Traditions in South Asia. Interaction and Change , G.A. Oddie (ed) The Western Church in the Middle Ages , John A. F. Thomson, Arnold 1998     

REVIEWS

Models for Scripture , John Goldingay, Paternoster Critical Theology , Gareth Jones Narratives of a Vulnerable God: Christ, Theology and Scripture , William C. Placher, Westminster/John Knox The Real God: A Response to Anthony Freeman's God in Us , Richard Harries One Faith? Non-realism and the World of Faiths , David A. Hart European Religion in the Age of Great Cities 1830–1930 , Hugh McLeod (ed.) Religion in Industrial Society: Oldham and Saddleworth 1740–1865 , Mark Smith Hear Our Voice: Women Rabbis Tell Their Stories , Sybil Sheridan (ed.) Rethinking Islam , Mohammed Arkoun Pastoral Care and Liberation Theology , Stephen Pattison Theology, Ideology and Liberation , Peter Scott A Rereading of Romans: Justice, Jews and Gentiles , Stanley K. Stowers, God in Christian Perspective , George Newlands, T. & T. Clark Learning to Speak: The Church's Voice in Public Affairs , Keith Clements, T. & T. Clark The Ethics of IVF , Anthony Dyson, Mowbray The End of Innocence: Britain in the Time of AIDS , Simon Garfield Sophie's World , Jostein Gaarder The Soul of the American University: From Protestant Establishment to Established Nonbelief , George M. Marsden The Last Philosophy , Don Cupitt The Openness of God: A Biblical Challenge to the Traditional Understanding of God , Clark Pinnock and others, Paternoster Christianity without Absolutes , Reinhold Bernhardt     

Book Reviews

Book review in this article.
S chein , E dgar H. Organizational Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1965. Pp. xi + 114. $3.95, hard cover; $1.50, paperbound.
K ahn , R obert L., et al . Organizational Stress: Studies in Role Conflict and Ambiguity. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1964. Pp. xii + 470. $7.95
G uion , R obert M. Personnel Testing. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1965. Pp. xiii + 585. $9.50
H addon , W illiam , J r ., S uchman , E dward A., and K lein , D avid . Accident Research: Methods and Approaches. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1964. Pp. xvi + 752. $15.00
S ampson , R obert C. Managing the Managers: A Realistic Approach to Applying the Behavioral Sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1965. Pp. ix + 272. $7.95
M iner , J ohn B. Studies in Management Education. New York: Springer Publishing Company, Inc., 1965. Pp. ix + 239.
F erguson , C harles A., F ersing , J an E., et al . The Legacy of Neglect: An Appraisal of the Implications of Emotional Disturbances in the Business Environment. Fort Worth, Texas: Industrial Mental Health Associates, 1965. Pp. xii + 209. $13.50
Z aleznik , A braham , and M oment , D avid . The Dynamics of Interpersonal Behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1964. Pp ix + 520. $7.95
Z aleznik , A braham , and M oment , D avid . Casebook on Interpersonal Behavior in Organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1964. Pp xvi + 587. $7.95
T homas , C. A., D avies , I. K., O penshaw , D., and B ird , J. B. Programmed Learning in Perspective: A Guide to Program Writing. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company, 1965. (British printing, 1963) Pp. 183. $7.95
F ox , H arland , and K erpen , M iriam C. Corporate Retirement Policy and Practices. New York: National Industrial Conference Board, 1964. Pp. 90. $15.00; $3.00 to NICB Associates and government agencies; $1.00 to students and teachers, mailed only to school address.     

Book Reviews

Dana, Richard H., Foundations of clinical psychology: problems in personality and adjustment, Princeton, N.J.: Van Nostrand, 1966, 322 pp. Reviewed by Vincent Glaudin

Goldstein, Arnold P., Heller, Kenneth, and Sechrest, Lee B., Psychotherapy and the psychology of behavior change. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1966, 492 p., $8.95. Reviewed by Sohan Lal Sharma

Phillips, Herbert P., Thai peasant personality, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1965, Pp. 231, $6.00. Reviewed by Irving R. Stone

Hudson, Liam. Contrary imaginations: A psychological study of the young student. New York: Schocken Books, Inc., 1966, 181 pp., $4.95. Reviewed by Dale D. Simmons, Ph.D.

Kantor, Robert E., & Herron, William G., Reactive and process schizophrenia. Palo Alto: Science & Behavior, 1966, 184 pp. Reviewed by Ernest Kramer

Atkinson, John W. & Feather, Norman T. A theory of achievement motivation. New York: John Wiley, 1966, 392 + x. Reviewed by Clifford H. Swensen

Goldberg, Miriam, L., Passow, Harry, A., & Justman, Joseph. The effects of ability grouping. New York: Teachers College Press, 1966, 254 pp. Reviewed by Samuel I. Goldstein

White, Mary Alice & Charry, June. School disorder, intelligence, and social class. New York: Teachers College Press, 1966, 92 pp., $2.25. Reviewed by Kevin M. Mitchell

Raychaudhuri, Manas. Studies in artistic creativity: Personality structure of the musician. Calcutta: Rabindra Bharati, 1966, 256 pp., Rs. $15.00. Reviewed by Dell Lebo

Glasser, Alan J. & Zimmerman, Irla Lee, Clinical interpretation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. New York & London: Grune & Stratton, 1967. pp. 152. Reviewed by Ronald E. Smith     

Book Review Section

Book review in This Article: Patrick C. Flood, Martin J. Gannon, Jaap Paauwe, and Associates. Managing Without Traditional Methods: International Innovations in Human Resource Management. William J. Sonnenstuhl. Working Sober: The Transformation of an Occupational Drinking Culture. Barbara Benedict Bunker, Jeffrey Z. Rubin, and Associates. Conflict, Cooperation, and Justice: Essays Inspired By the Work of Morton Deutsch. George Litwin, John Bray, and Kathleen Lusk Brooke. Mobilizing the Organization: Bringing Strategy to Life. George Binney and Colin Williams. Leaning Into the Future: Changing the Way People Change Organisations. Susan E. Jackson and Marian N. Ruderman (Editors). Diversity in Work Teams: Research Paradigms for a Changing Workplace. Don Mankin, Susan G. Cohen, and Tora K. Bikson. Teams and Technology: Fulfilling the Promise of the New Organization. Ken Blanchard, John P. Carlos, and Alan Randolf. Empowerment Takes More Than A Minute. Richard Farson. Management of the Absurd Paradoxes in Leadership. Howard Gardner. Leading Minds: An Anatomy of Leadership. David Lubinski and Rene V. Dawis (Editors). Assessing Individual Differences in Human Behavior: New Concepts, Methods, and Findings. Best Practices Report: How to Build Employee Capability. Ronald B. Morgan and Jack E. Smith. Staffing the New Workplace: Selecting and Promoting for Quality Improvement. Mary Crawford. Talking Difference: On Gender and Language. Peter Lawrence. Management in the USA. Yasutaka Sai. The Eight Core Values of the Japanese Businessman: Toward an Understanding of Japanese Management. Gordon Redding (Editor). International Cultural Differences. Jack J. Phillips. Accountability in Human Resource Management. Edward P. Lazear. Personnel Economics. Edward P. Lazear. Personnel Economics. Siegfried Greif and Hans-Jürgen Kurtz (Editors). Handbook for Self-Organized Learning [Handbuch Selbstorganisiertes Lernen]. Info-Line: Basics of Time Management; Violence in the Workplace: The Critical Incident Plan; Building an Internship Program; Transfer of Training: Making Training Stick; How to Accommodate Different Learning Styles. Sara Zeff Geber. How to Manage Stress for Success. Mary Valentich and James Gripton. Acting Assertively at Work: A Self-Help Manual (2nd edition). Lewis R. Aiken. Rating Scales and Checklists: Evaluating Behavior, Personality, and Attitude.