23例局部随意皮瓣修复头皮缺损的临床分析

分析局部随意皮瓣修复头皮缺损的临床效果。选取2011年1月~2016年1月笔者所在医院烧伤整形科完成23例头皮随意皮瓣修复手术,术后随访3个月~12个月,结果显示,本组23例患者术后皮瓣成活100%,无皮瓣坏死、切口感染等术后并发症。其中1例患者出现小面积皮瓣边缘发黑结痂,经过多次换药后二期愈合。1例患者术后出现头皮下小面积积液囊肿,经积极抽取积液进行封闭注射治疗后痊愈。术后随访中,皮瓣部分毛发生长正常,切口无瘢痕增生,且皮损无复发。局部随意皮瓣修复头皮缺损是直径在6cm以内的头皮缺损的常用方法,且具有外形美观,皮损切除和创面修复一次完成,皮损无复发的理想方法。     

示中环指指尖缺损的鱼际皮瓣修复

探讨应用鱼际皮瓣修复示中环指指尖缺损的方法和效果.自2010年8月～2013年3月,应用鱼际皮瓣修复示中环指指尖缺损28例,术后评价皮瓣外观及供区愈合情况.结果术后28例皮瓣全部存活,随访时间为2个月～8个月.患指指尖皮瓣质地柔软,外形饱满,颜色与周围一致,指端无压痛,供区直接缝合,未发现刀口疲痕挛缩影响拇指及虎口功能.鱼际皮瓣修复示中环指指尖缺损手术操作简单,修复后患指指尖外观满意、供区损伤小.患者顺从性好,易于为临床医生所接受.     

儿童急性开放性跟腱损伤的修复

为了探讨儿童急性开放性跟腱损伤的修复方法,回顾总结了24例儿童急性开放性跟腱损伤的资料。本组均行一期清创术,根据跟腱及皮肤损伤情况不同而采用合适的方法修复跟腱,皮肤缺损则使用适宜皮瓣修复。结果显示,本组随访13个月~42个月,平均29个月,本组无跟腱再断裂;1例发生皮瓣远端部分坏死及2例伤口发生感染,均经换药后愈合良好;余伤口愈合良好。皮瓣6个月后均恢复部分感觉。因此,儿童急性开放性跟腱损伤应根据跟腱及皮肤软组织损伤情况采取合适的处理方法,彻底清创并恢复跟腱长度及保持跟腱张力非常重要。     

毒品注射致假性股动脉瘤的手术并发症和愈合不良的分析

探讨毒品注射导致假性股动脉瘤（femoralfalseaneurysm,FFA）的术后合并症或愈合不良的原因。分析10年来46例毒品导致FFA的围手术期并发症和愈合不良情况。结果46例患者中,髂股动脉缝扎后4例患肢缺血,1例人工血管感染,4例切口淋巴瘘,1例患肢肿胀,2例深静脉血栓,2例患肢麻痹,均经相应处理后好转。因此,综合评估毒品导致的FFA患肢的血供和假瘤,个体化选择手术方案,可减少术后并发症以及愈合不良。     

毒品注射致假性股动脉瘤的手术并发症和愈合不良的分析

探讨毒品注射导致假性股动脉瘤(femoral false aneurysm,FFA)的术后合并症或愈合不良的原因.分析10年来46例毒品导致FFA的围手术期并发症和愈合不良情况.结果46例患者中,髂股动脉缝扎后4例患肢缺血,1例人工血管感染,4例切口淋巴瘘,1例惠肢肿胀,2例深静脉血栓,2例患肢麻痹,均经相应处理后好转.因此,综合评估毒品导致的FFA患肢的血供和假瘤,个体化选择手术方案.可减少术后并发症以及愈合不良.     

指动脉背侧支皮瓣在手指末节皮肤缺损治疗中的临床应用

分析指背动脉背侧支与其血管网联合供血滋养皮瓣在指末端皮肤缺损的修复中的应用效果。取中节手指固有动脉的背侧支为蒂血管,逆行切取指背皮瓣31例共35指,移植修补位于远端指间关节或其远端的皮肤缺损。若同时伴有骨、关节、肌腱等的损伤,则予以同期修复。本研究中最大切取皮瓣1.5cm×3.5cm,平均随访6±0.5个月(3至9个月),皮瓣成活率100%,皮瓣两点辨别觉9±0.2mm,95%的患者具有良好的指间关节活动能力。因此,指动脉背侧支皮瓣手术操作简单,术后成功率高且患者恢复效果好。     

指动脉背侧支皮瓣在手指末节皮肤缺损治疗中的临床应用

分析指背动脉背侧支与其血管网联合供血滋养皮辩在指末端皮肤缺损的修复中的应用效果.取中节手指固有动脉的背侧支为蒂血管,逆行切取指背皮辩31例共35指,移植修补位于远端指间关节或其远端的皮肤缺损.若同时伴有骨、关节、肌腱等的损伤.则予以同期修复.本研究中最大切取皮瓣1.5cm×3.5cm,平均随访6±0.5个月(3至9个月),皮瓣成活率100%,皮辩两点辨别觉9±0.2mm,95%的患者具有良好的指间关节活动能力.因此,指动脉背侧支皮瓣手术操作简单,术后成功率高且患者恢复效果好.     

胸腔胃-气道瘘:双Y型气道覆膜支架置入治疗研究

探讨双Y型气道覆膜内支架置入治疗胸腔胃-气道瘘的可行性和疗效.5例胸腔胃-气道瘘患者,其中1例胸腔胃-右主支气管瘘,瘘口远端至右上叶支气管开口水平;4例胸腔胃-右主支气管、右中间支气管瘘,在X线透视下置入双Y型气道覆膜内支架治疗.5例胸腔胃-气道瘘患者使用双Y型气道覆膜内支架置入治疗,操作均1次成功,瘘口封堵完全,能顺利进食,卧位呛咳症状消失,未出现气道出血、气胸等并发症.使用双Y型气道覆膜内支架置入治疗胸腔胃-气道瘘,操作安全、近期疗效可靠,是一种值得推广应用的技术.     

食管癌切除术后颈部不同方法食管胃吻合比较分析

比较食管癌切除术后应用非一次性沪产吻合器和手工缝合在颈部行食管胃吻合的经验体会.我科1998年11月～2010年12月,食管癌切除术后应用沪产吻合器在颈部通过"反插法"进行食管胃吻合126例;手工缝合100例.结果全部病例均治愈出院,手工缝合组发生吻合口瘘5例,吻合口狭窄9例,食物返流18例,吻合口出血1例;吻合器组未发生吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄,早期发生食物返流9例,吻合口出血1例,经妥善处理后治愈.因此,非一次性沪产吻合器只要术者掌握好反插法,就能够在颈部顺利施行吻合器的食管胃吻合,获得满意疗效.该法能够使吻合器反复使用,价格低廉,造福于患者.     

食管癌切除术后颈部不同方法食管胃吻合比较分析

比较食管癌切除术后应用非一次性沪产吻合器和手工缝合在颈部行食管胃吻合的经验体会。我科1998年11月~2010年12月,食管癌切除术后应用沪产吻合器在颈部通过＂反插法＂进行食管胃吻合126例;手工缝合100例。结果全部病例均治愈出院,手工缝合组发生吻合口瘘5例,吻合口狭窄9例,食物返流18例,吻合口出血1例;吻合器组未...     

31例眼睑恶性肿瘤切除后Ⅰ期修复的总结

眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后,眼睑修复时机的选择,对保持眼睑功能和美容的效果起着十分重要的作用,术式的选择是决定手术成功关键。采用眼睑全层缺损行异体巩膜片移植,替代睑板、滑行球结膜瓣前徙替代睑结膜的眼睑再造术,对31例眼睑恶性肿瘤切除,同时进行眼睑再造术。术后无排斥反应,眼睑闭合良好,外形满意。结论认为,较大范围的眼睑恶性肿瘤切除的患者,采用异体巩膜片移植、滑行结膜瓣前徙眼睑再造术能达到保持眼睑功能和美容的效果,是理想的眼睑恶性肿瘤切除后Ⅰ期修复临床决策。     

The effect of breast support on upper body muscle activity during 5 km treadmill running

Breast support has previously been shown to influence surface EMG of the pectoralis major during running. Reductions in muscle activity have previously been associated with a reduction in energy cost, which may be advantageous for female runners. Ten female participants performed two self-paced (average pace 9 km h⁻¹) 5 km treadmill runs under two breast support conditions (low and high); an additional bare-breasted 2 min run was also conducted. Surface EMG electrodes were positioned on the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, medial deltoid, and upper trapezius, with data collected during the first 2 min of running and each kilometer interval thereafter. Reductions in peak EMG of the pectoralis major, anterior and medial deltoid were reported when participants ran in the high breast support during the initial intervals of the run (up to the second kilometer). The increased activation in the pectoralis major, anterior and medial deltoid in the low breast support may be due to increased tension within these muscles, induced by the greater breast pain experienced in the low breast support. This may be a strategy to reduce the independent breast movement causing the pain through increased muscular activation. This study further promotes the use of a high breast support during running with potential benefits for treadmill running associated with reductions in muscular demand during a 5 km run.     

高血糖对蛛网膜下腔出血患者预后的影响

为了探讨蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）患者血糖值与胰岛素治疗反应及预后的关系。我们回顾性分析65例SAH患者的临床资料,分为血糖明显升高组（血糖值〉11．0mmol／L）、血糖轻度升高组（血糖7．0mmol／L-11．0mmol／L）和血糖正常组（血糖值〈7．0mmol／L）,比较各组在胰岛素治疗反应、病情严重程度及预后方面的差异。结果显示大部分患者血糖都有不同程度的升高,病情越重,出现应激性高血糖的几率越高,强化胰岛素治疗效果越不理想;且血糖值越高,预后越差。有研究表明血糖增高是蛛网膜下腔出血脑组织神经功能受损后应激反应的结果,血糖增高可作为病情加重及预后的预测因子之一。     

September 11 and the Role of the Theologian

As is the case with all “disasters” the nation is experiencing the various psychological stages to the September 11, 2001 disaster: threat, warning, impact, inventory, heroism, honeymoon, disillusionment, and reconstruction. In order for healing to occur from and within the religious community, theologians, pastors, and religiously–minded people must enter into these different stages of disaster and suffer–with the community. Instead of explaining September 11 from an abstract, removed stance, we ought to reveal our concerns and uncertainties about God in this situation and wonder with the rest of the community of grievers, “How has this happened?” From this place, true healing and reconstruction of the community will be possible.     

Enlarged Range of Free Flaps for Phalloplasty in Transsexual Reassignment Surgery

ABSTRACT

Our concept for complete phalloplasty which we applied in 66 female-to-male transsexuals, using free prelaminated osteofasciocutaneous fibula or fasciocutaneous forearm flaps, consisted of the following three operative stages:

1. mastectomy, ovariohysterectomy, urethra lengthening, colpectomy, and neourethra prelamination

2. after 3–6 months, neophallus creation with free sensate and prelaminated osteofasciocutaneous fibula (n = 41) or radial forearm flaps (n = 25)

3. 3–6 months later, urethral connection, neoscrotum formation and testicle prosthesis implantation.

Results: After mastectomy 2 hematoma had to be removed, and twice colpectomy revision was needed because of hematoma. No complications occurred after ovariohysterectomy. Partial flap necrosis took place in 1 patient of the forearm group and total necrosis in 2 patients of the fibula group. Eleven patients presented urethral stricture, and 9 a fistula. In 7 patients an operative stricture expansion was required, and in 6 patients surgical closure of the fistula. Overall patients' satisfaction was excellent.

Conclusions: The applied results demonstrates the effectiveness of such a multistage and interdisciplinary approach for female-to-male transsexual and it shows, that the fibula flap is an equal routine method extending the therapeutical range of gender assignment operations in female-to-male transsexuals.     

重症急性胰腺炎预防抗生素治疗的争议

重症急性胰腺炎伴随高病死率,细菌和真菌感染是其导致死亡的主要原因之一。目前治疗一般采取预防性抗生素治疗,但预防性抗生素治疗又可能会加重二重感染。目前研究结果数量有限,结果不一。是否应该应用预防抗生素治疗仍然存在争议,期待更多设计合理的随机对照试验。     

应用烧伤整形外科技术治疗大面积皮肤撕脱伤

探讨大面积皮肤撕脱伤的治疗方法。分析总结大面积皮肤撕脱伤及合并损伤17例,根据伤情综合应用清创撕脱皮肤缝合、带蒂真皮下血管网皮瓣回植、撕脱皮肤反取皮回植、组织瓣转移修复、游离皮片移植、头皮取皮术、异体／异种皮移植、创面持续负压吸引VSD等治疗方法,观察创面修复、肢体外观及功能恢复情况。结果17例患者经综合治疗后创面均愈合。功能部位均予全层皮片或皮瓣修复;19处创面有深部组织外露,予皮瓣或肌瓣修复;随访6个月～3年,所有肢体功能良好。根据皮肤软组织损伤情况而综合运用多种烧伤整形外科技术修复大面积撕脱伤可缩短疗程,并最大可能保留受伤区域的功能与外观,改善患者生活质量。     

Origin of the speech apparatus and its reconstruction in fossils.

Renewed enthusiasm has produced provocative speculations in recent literature on the origin of speech. The purpose of the present investigation is to expose the adaptive renovations underlying the emergence of a “Vocal Tract” and from this to define its anatomical substrate which governs the biomechanics of speech production. The vocal tract is a double resonator tube coupled in series and composed of oral and pharyngeal cavities. Analysis is made of the crucial structural elements of this complex from detailed dissections in modern man and the study of modern and fossil hominid crania. The study focuses on relations of the skull base, jaw, hyoid bone and the contained tongue, pharynx and valvular devices, calling into question recent reconstructions built on classical Neanderthal skulls.