中国西南少数民族梅山教研究的文化意义

在中国西南少数民族传统宗教中,梅山教是巫术色彩浓郁的教派,其神灵和法术深受道教影响。本文考察梅山教的神灵和圣地崇拜,并分析梅山教、茅山教与西南各族群的关系,认为梅山教、茅山教的不同法术风格,是历史上道教传播影响的结果。梅山教在西南傩祭傩文化中的浸润影响,更反映其多元宗教文化的特征。对西南少数民族梅山教多维度的解析,是西南少数民族宗教比较研究的新视角。     

道教的神灵崇拜与中华文化

本文对道教的神灵崇拜与古代和少数民族的神灵崇拜,道教的神灵崇拜与传统神学理论,以及道教神灵崇拜中的中华宗教精神进行分析和研究。作者认为：道教神灵崇拜是中华民族多神崇拜融合的产物;又是中华民族宗教的象征;从而肯定了道教神灵崇拜在中华文化中应有的地位     

中国西南少数民族茅山教文化内涵探析

中国西南少数民族茅山教,是以法术祈禳度人的民间宗教派别。西南少数民族地区传承的民间宗教,大致有梅山教和茅山教两大流派,且都与道教有着千丝万缕的联系。因此,茅山教在南岭走廊的传播,茅山教与闾山教的关系,茅山教的宗教特质和法术特点,茅山教蕴含的道教文化元素,是深化西南少数民族宗教研究中值得探讨的问题。     

论西南少数民族傩文化中的“玉皇”

西南少数民族傩文化宗教内涵丰富,兼具民族特色与地域文化特色。本文考察西南少数民族傩坛的坛脉传承、坛场布置、仪式程序、科仪文本中的玉皇神元素,从玉皇大帝在傩祭傩文化中影响的侧面,揭示道教在西南少数民族宗教中传播的历史趋势。并从道教玉皇信仰在宋代始兴盛的角度,认为宋代是西南少数民族傩文化传播发展的重要时期。     

近现代中国西南少数民族宗教研究述论

近代以来外国旅行家、传教士、学者,纷纷进入中国西南少数民族地区考察。20世纪20-40年代,中国人类学界者开始对西南少数民族进行科学研究,西南少数民族丰富的宗教文化遗存,是近现代国内外研究者考察关注的热点问题。本文对近现代西南少数民族宗教考察研究的成果进行回顾性的评述,认为中国人类学者投身于西南少数民族宗教研究的学术精神,值得21世纪的中国民族宗教研究者汲取弘扬。     

《周易》思想与文化传播——以道教和西南少数民族禹步为例

《周易》是中华传统文化的组成部分,是道家道教思想的重要来源.《周易》中有关乾坤、卦的思想,是道教和西南少数民族禹步的理论基础.论文以道教和西南少数民族禹步为例,详细考察其宗教法术蕴涵的《周易》思想,指出道教和西南少数民族宗教法师的禹步,其科仪始终按九宫八卦布局行法,此深得《周易》思想天人关系的精要.作为仪式中具有宗教象征意义的《周易》八卦符号,表达出中华先民对自然界阴阳运动规律的认识.     

开拓比较宗教学研究的新领域——张泽洪《文化传播与仪式象征》的启示

比较宗教学是发源于国外而在国内还较为薄弱的一门学科.张泽洪<文化传播与仪式象征--中国西南少数民族宗教与道教祭祀仪式比较研究>一书,运用共时与历时多维度的研究方法,将中华民族多元一体背景下的文化传播,即中国西南少数民族宗教与道教祭祀仪式进行深入比较.该书研究视角、研究方法、研究着力点颇有创新,是中国比较宗教学理论与实践的成功范本.     

文化传播视野下的信仰与仪式——以中国西南少数民族与道教关系为例

宗教学研究中的信仰与仪式密切相关,信仰与仪式始终是宗教的两个重要范畴。本文以文化传播视野下的信仰与仪式为中心,来探讨中国西南少数民族与道教的关系,比较分析原始宗教与神学宗教相互融摄的文化意义。认为当今中国西南少数民族传承的道教,是经历长期历史文化积淀的结果。中国西南少数民族与道教的关系是双向渗透、相互影响的,从而形成具有中华特色的道教与西南少数民族传统宗教。     

中国西南少数民族宗教中的道教法术探析

中国西南少数民族传统宗教,有着丰富的神灵信仰与祭祀仪式.在西南地区的瑶、壮、苗、白、土家、纳西、彝、羌、侗、水、布依、仡佬、仫佬、毛南、阿昌等少数民族传统宗教中,至今仍保持着浓厚的道教色彩.西南少数民族祭祀仪式中运用的道教法术,是历史上道教影响西南少数民族的结果.道教史上诸宗师致力于"道化四夷",其弘扬大道济世度人的道家思想,在道教文化的传播中具有重要意义.     

中国西南少数民族梅山教的神灵系统

中国西南少数民族梅山教具有多元信仰的特质,其多元神灵系统受儒释道三教影响颇深。论文通过对梅山教的三峒梅山、梅山法主、梅山教的民间土俗神、梅山教神坛的道教神祇的考察,认为西南少数民族梅山教多元神灵系统的形成,是中华民族多元一体政治格局下文化涵化的结果。     

儿童Graves'病研究进展

Grave's病(GD)是导致儿童甲亢最常见的病因,其易感性80%决定于基因因素.ATD治疗是最常推荐的初始治疗手段,但长期缓解率仅为30%.ATD诱导儿童GD缓解的合适用药时间尚不明确.最佳治疗方式(ATD、RAI或手术)的选择还存在重大争议.药物治疗复发的预测非常重要,最近建立了一种复发风险评分,通过种族、年龄、诊断时FT4、TRAb水平、ATD预期治疗持续时间将GD儿童分成低中高三类风险人群,对其复发风险作出评估,对于确定GD儿童在初始治疗时选择何种方案更为适合意义重大.     

自伤青少年的冲动性

以自我报告、行为学和脑电为指标, 检验自伤青少年的冲动性。研究1, 对820名普通中学生和72名工读生进行问卷调查, 探讨自伤行为与情绪调节困难、冲动性的关系。结果表明, 冲动性能够预测自伤行为, 且预测效应量大于情绪调节困难。研究2, 采用Go/Nogo范式的ERPs实验, 检验自伤组与对照组冲动控制的行为学与脑电差异。结果表明, 自伤组Nogo正确反应的N2波幅显著高于对照组, N2潜伏期在部分电极点处高于对照组。脑电地形图显示两者的脑电差异主要体现在前额叶区。结论：自伤青少年的冲动性高于同龄普通青少年。     

Certification in Testing in Canada

This article presents a brief outline of a program developed by the Canada Employment and Immigration Commission (CEIC) for certifying employment counselors to use tests in Canada Employment Centres (CECs).     

Occupational Stress in Workers and Managers in Steelworks in China

Occupational stressors and strains of 121 Chinese steelwork employees and 122 managers were measured using the Chinese version of the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI). It was found that factors intrinsic to the job, Type A behavior, logic, and organizational structure and climate were the main predictors of mental ill-health and physical ill-health in managers. Organizational structure and climate and relationships with other people were important predictors for workers. Management processes and organizational forces were the strongest predicting factors of job satisfaction in both samples. On certain OSI scales and subscales, managers scored statistically higher than workers. It is proposed that these results reflect the enormous economic and social changes currently taking place in China, together with certain features inherent in Chinese organizational and managerial processes.     

Sex differences in relational aggression in preschool children in Iran

The purpose of this study was to compare scores on a Relational Aggression Questionnaire for preschool boys and girls in Iran. The questionnaire was developed here, and its reliability and validity were assessed. Teachers' reports of relational aggression in 258 children ages 3 to 7 years was studied. Sex differences in relational aggression were not observed and was not significantly different across age groups.     

Evidence for sex differences in brain organization in recovery in aphasia

Ninety-one adult aphasics of both sexes were studied before and after a 3-month period of language therapy. Although no initial sex difference was found in severity of language disorders, females within the global aphasic group showed significantly greater improvement in three tests of language comprehension. It is suggested that more bilateral representation of language functions in the female brain may account for this greater improvement.     

Ethical Issues in Counselling in Education

It is suggested that there are two quite distinct Systems of ethics and practice in use by counsellors in education: the integrated model, which emphasises viewing the counsellor-institution relationship as theprimary ethical perspective; and the differentiated model, which emphasises the counsellor-client relationship as the starting point for an ethical understanding of the counsellor's role. The implications of these two perspectives for ethical issues relating to sources of referrai, issues of confidentiality, accountability for resources, the implications of role diffusion, and the outcomes of counselling, are examined. The ethical consequences of viewing the two Systems as reconcilable or incompatible are explored.