7种嫉妒评估量表的信度与效度研究

研究西方7种嫉妒评估量表在中国使用的信度与效度。结果发现,7种嫉妒评估量表具有较高的分半信度和内部一致性信度;内容效度和效标关联效度能够满足中国被试者的使用要求;但各量表内容重复性较大,适用范围限于爱情及关系嫉妒,并不适合评估其他嫉妒类型。     

嫉妒与人格的关系

旨在考察嫉妒与人格维度及人格因素的关系 ,通过对 2 31名被试者施测Bringle自我报告嫉妒量表 ,Hup ka爱情嫉妒量表 ,White习惯及关系嫉妒量表 ,Buunk嫉妒量表和大 5人格量表 (NEO -PI-R) ,对施测结果进行相关分析和逐步回归分析 ,发现在大 5人格量表中所包含的神经质 ,外向性 ,开放性 ,顺同性和严谨性 5种人格维度中 ,只有神经质维度与嫉妒呈现一致性密切关系 ;外向性维度与嫉妒的一致性关系尚不明确 ;开放性维度、顺同性维度和严谨性维度与嫉妒关系并不密切。在 30种人格因素中 ,除焦虑、自我意识、正性情绪和信任 4种人格因素与嫉妒呈现一致性密切关系外 ,其他人格因素与嫉妒的关系不明显甚至无关。研究结果表明 :在 5种人格维度中 ,神经质人格维度在嫉妒的形成和发展中起主要影响作用 ;在 30种人格因素中 ,焦虑、自我意识、正性情绪和信任 4种人格因素是影响嫉妒心理和嫉妒行为的重要因素     

项目反应理论在编制现代性量表中的应用

项目反应理论（ＩＲＴ）是近年来探讨较多的一种心理测量理论。由于其所具有的一些优于经典测验理论（ＣＴＴ）的特性,正得到愈来愈多的重视和应用。该研究旨在应用ＩＲＴ来编制现代性量表。人的现代化是整个社会现代化过程中不可缺少的部分,因此编制衡量人的现代性的量表有一定的理论和实践意义。研究结果表明,应用ＩＲＴ编制量表,在满足假设的情况下,可使量表既简便,又有较高的精度,效度研究表明本研究编制的现代性量表有较高的效度。     

对学前儿童语言学习能力诊断量表的效度评价

以所编制的量表为工具 ,对采集的数据进行效度分析 ,结果表明各分测验与全量表有较好的相关 ,说明量表的内容效度是比较高的。使用因素分析的方法 ,将全部变量作系统分类 ,研究量表的结构 ,绝大部分分测验在所得的四个因素上的共通性都大于 0 .70 ;保留下的分测验与所属因素的相关系数在0 .5 3 -0 .84之间 ,它们在各个因素上有较高的负荷量 ,说明量表有较好的结构效度。从效度分析的结果看 ,本量表的测量结果应该是准确的。另外 ,还根据因素分析结果指示的方向 ,调整了分测验 ,调整后的量表结构不但与假设的量表结构十分吻合 ,而且更条理化。     

《适应分量表》在蒙古族青少年群体中使用的信、效度检验

采用《青少年心理健康素质调查表·适应分量表》对内蒙古自治区10所蒙古族中小学的1768名蒙古族中小学生进行了调查,对其结果分析表明,量表中的22个项目均符合测量学要求,高低分组被试在所有因子上的得分差异都达到显著性水平;量表的内部一致性信度α系数为0.803;探索性因素分析均揭示了量表结构效度较好;验证性因素分析表明,本量表数据与6因子模型的拟合程度很好,达到可接受的各项标准指数。该量表具有较好的信度和效度,适合蒙古族青少年群体使用。     

教师个人教学效能感量表试用常模修订

本研究以中学语文教师为被试对Ashton的个人教学效能量表进行了修订.因素分析结果表明该量表只有一个主因素.去掉明显不适合我国教育实际情况的三个项目后,余下的12项与总分及主因素的相关都达到显着水平,且每项的鉴别指数都在0.3以上.量表的分半信度和同质性信度分别为0.88和0.89;效标关联效度为0.51(P<0.001).文中还讨论了被试在量表上的得分分布及使用这个量表应注意的问题.     

中国韦氏儿童智力量表常模的因素分析

本研究用主成分分析和α因素分析两种方法对中国韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)常模进行因素分析,并与戴晓阳等对WISC-CR 及WISC-R 进行的因素分析结果作比较。结果表明:C-WISC 的各因子模型与WISC-CR 及WISC-R 的非常相似,其相关系数为.76～96,有高度显著性。说明C-WISC 保持了原量表的功能,具有较好的结构效度。     

注意缺损多动障碍量表的编制

 本研究在综合国内外有关儿童行为问题的测量问卷的基础上,编制了适合我国小学生特点的《儿童注意缺损多动障碍量表》。经过预测后的修订,组成正式量表。共计34个题目,施测于5所普通小学1-6年级的433名被试。因素分析结果验证了本量表五个因子的存在,即:注意力缺损、多动、冲动、唤醒不足、角色管理失控行为,从而验证了最初的结构预想。本研究着重考察了该量表的信度和效度:其中总量表与各分量表的同质性信度在.9202-.9448之间,总量表的再测信度为.8902。对量表结构效度和实证效度的检验也取得了令人满意的结果。     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》适应分量表的编制

在文献分析和专家咨询的基础上,构建了青少年适应的基本结构,并编制了青少年适应量表。结果发现:青少年适应包括生理适应、情绪适应、人际适应、学习适应、社会适应和生活适应等6种成分,探索性因素分析表明,该6因素共同解释着青少年适应。所编制量表具有较高的信度和效度,可以作为青少年心理适应性的测量工具。     

多重情绪智力量表(MEIS)的信度、结构效度及应用评价研究

对多重情绪智力量表（MEIS）的信度和结构效度进行了实证检验,结果发现,MEIS的内部一致性信度（a）系数偏低,各分量表的分半信度系数很低;MEIS总量表的结构效度明显不足,对七个分量表的因素分析结果显示,每个维度对总量表的贡献率很低;无法满足Mayer和Salovey情绪智力4维度理论框架。对4个维度逐一进行二阶因素分析结果均揭示,MEIS明显缺乏每个维度所设定的4因素的结构效度,项目效率明显不足,因此,MEIS尚不具备有效测量情绪智力的功能。     

Follower Jealousy at Work: A Test of Vecchio's Model of Antecedents and Consequences of Jealousy

The present study tests the validity of Robert P. Vecchio's seminal work on antecedents and consequences of jealousy. Specifically, we examine whether antecedents such as in-group status, supervisory considerateness, and supervisory differentiation of subordinates are associated with jealousy. In addition, we examine whether jealousy is associated with the outcome variable of social loafing. Leaders (n = 73) and their followers (n = 303) working in business organizations in Norway contributed data. Multilevel analyses showed that a high-quality working relationship with one's supervisor was inversely related to reports of jealousy. In addition, supervisors who displayed high levels of considerateness, for example, by providing followers with positive emotional support, were better able to reduce subordinate jealousy. This is a novel observation since previous research failed to demonstrate such a relationship. Finally, jealousy was positively associated with social loafing, suggesting that jealous followers engaged in an active counterproductive resistance response. The present study contributes to the extant literature by identifying unexamined antecedents of jealousy and a dysfunctional behavioral response to jealousy in the form of social loafing in the workplace.     

测量方式和言语报告对嫉妒反应的影响

本研究通过两个实验发现,不同测量方式对嫉妒心理的测量程度存在差别,间接方式在测量嫉妒程度上要显著高于直接方式。对嫉妒情境的言语分析对嫉妒的测量存在比较复杂的影响,总体上,其主效应不显著,但对测量方式存在不同的影响模式,对间接测量有扩大效应,而对嫉妒的直接测量有缩小的趋势。     

The Effects of Sample Characteristics and Experience with Infidelity on Romantic Jealousy

Past research has suggested that men are more upset by imagined sexual than emotional infidelity, and women are more upset by imagined emotional infidelity than sexual infidelity. However, experience with infidelity, methodology, and age and gender of the sample may help to explain inconsistent results. Two hundred ninety-four English-speaking undergraduate students and 325 non-college adults in a large mid-Atlantic urban area of the U.S. completed forced-choice or continuous-scale anonymous questionnaires regarding jealousy over a mate??s hypothetical infidelity. Chi-square and MANOVA analyses replicated previous findings of the expected gender difference in all hypothetical forced-choice scenarios. However, results for those participants who reported experience with actual infidelity demonstrated little support for the traditional evolutionary model, as there were no gender differences in which aspect of hypothetical infidelity was reported to be more distressing, and no gender differences at the college level in terms of which aspect of infidelity received the greatest focus. These findings, extrapolated from both undergraduates and adults and accounting for the impact of actual, primed memory of experience of infidelity on hypothetical jealousy scenarios, raise important questions about the validity of hypothetical scenarios of jealousy as proxies for real reactions to actual infidelity. The results of the present study suggest that the lack of a consistent, replicable gender difference across the lifespan may be explained by two related factors: age and actual experience with infidelity.     

Gender Differences in Romantic Jealousy

Abstract

Findings of studies of gender differences in jealousy are contradictory. In the present study, conflicting literature was addressed by distinguishing 5 dimensions of jealousy: level, trigger, experience, focus, and responses. In 4 studies, 3 in the U.S. and 1 in Israel, gender differences were explored in these 5 dimensions of romantic jealousy. Although there were no gender differences in the likelihood, frequency, duration, or intensity of jealousy, there were differences in the responses to certain jealousy-producing occasions as well as in the focus, experience, and expression of jealousy.     

Jealousy and commitment: Perceived threat and the effect of relationship alternatives

Most research on jealousy has focused on the correlation between one psychological factor and jealousy. In contrast, the current work examined how the link between relationship commitment and jealousy depends on the interplay of two situational factors: attractiveness of relationship alternatives and receiving threatening information about the self and the romantic relationship. In two studies, participants completed measures of relationship commitment for their current relationship and then received feedback that manipulated their perceptions of relationship alternatives (Study 1) or their perceptions of relationship compatibility (Study 2). Participants' jealousy was assessed by their responses to a mildly threatening relationship situation (Studies 1 and 2) and on a jealousy scale (Study 2). Study 1 showed that those in more committed relationships experienced greater jealousy when they were induced to consider having unattractive relationship alternatives. Study 2 showed that those with greater relationship commitment reported more jealousy when they received negative information about their relationship compatibility. Implications for how threat plays a causal role in experiencing jealousy are discussed.     

Gender Differences,Infidelity, Dyadic Trust,and Jealousy among Married Turkish Individuals

In the present study, relationships among gender, emotional response to partner’s imagined infidelity (emotional and sexual infidelity), and dyadic trust (low and high levels of trust) were investigated as functions of married Turkish individuals’ jealousy types (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral). Five hundred thirty seven (276 women and 261 men) married individuals living in urban areas in Turkey participated in the study. Results of the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) revealed significant main effects for gender, infidelity types, and dyadic trust. Particularly, married Turkish men in this study were found to be more emotionally jealous than women. Participants who responded to sexual infidelity as more upsetting had higher levels of emotional jealousy when compared to the participants who found emotional infidelity more upsetting. Moreover, participants with low dyadic trust for their partners were found to be high in their cognitive jealousy and behavioral jealousy reactions. Results are discussed in details with implications for future research and suggestions for mental health practitioners.     

Jealousy at work: The role of rivals’ characteristics

The present study examined rival characteristics that may evoke jealousy in the workplace, differences between men and women in this regard, and the relationship between jealousy responses and intrasexual competitiveness and social comparison orientation. Participants were 426 male and female employees. By means of a questionnaire, participants were presented with a jealousy‐evoking scenario after which jealousy responses to 24 rival characteristics were assessed. Findings showed that a rival's social communal attributes evoked highest levels of jealousy, and that, compared to men, women reported more jealousy in response to a rival's physical attractiveness. Overall, as individuals had higher scores on intrasexual competitiveness and social comparison orientation, they also experienced more jealousy in response to their rival, regardless of his or her characteristics. These findings suggest that those characteristics that are highly valued in employees may backfire when employees perceive co‐workers as rivals.     

Jealousy Revisited: Recent Philosophical Work on a Maligned Emotion

Taking as its starting point a previous work by the author which reviewed early philosophical sources on jealousy and proposed both a conceptual and moral account of this much-maligned emotion, the present article reviews the relevant philosophical literature from the last decade or so. Most noticeable is how scarce those sources still are. Special attention is given, however, to a new conceptual model proposed by Purshouse and Fredericks which rejects the standard architectonic of jealousy as a three-party compound emotion. While the essential contours of the new model are rejected, Fredericks is shown to offer some powerful misgivings about putative instrumentalist defences of jealousy. In addition to this new model, a number of other recent writings about jealousy – historical, conceptual and moral – are subjected to critical scrutiny in this overview article.