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Deepak Sardana 《创造性行为杂志》2018,52(1):35-51
The importance of a ‘cultural industry’ to a national economy and the development of a “creative society” has grown increasingly. However, research on cultural entrepreneurship is in its early stages and is yet to catch the attention of mainstream entrepreneurship and creativity scholars. In this article the objective is to enhance our knowledge and understanding of the key aspects that cultural entrepreneurs find facilitating their entrepreneurship. Studying Indian cultural entrepreneurs and applying a qualitative method, this paper identifies seven such aspects: cultural value creation, intrinsic motivation and external recognition, minimized risk, contextual understanding, innovation and learning, perseverance and ethical pursuit of cultural activity, and social networks. 相似文献
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Kimberly E. Marble 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2019,180(1):17-30
The authors investigated children’s use of cultural status (i.e., foreign vs. American) and learning method to evaluate informants’ expertise in novel cultural practices. Ninety-six 6- to 9-year-olds heard about a foreign informant (i.e., member of an unfamiliar out-group) and an American informant (i.e., member of the participant’s in-group) who each learned about a novel cultural practice differently (i.e., from a person vs. from a book). Participants decided which informant executed the cultural practice better, which informant they would prefer to learn from, and which learning method they would want to use themselves (i.e., learning method preference). Overall, participants endorsed foreign informants over American informants and foreign informants who learned from a person were generally viewed as the preferred option for imparting information in this context. These findings suggest that during the transition to middle childhood, learning context is an important influence on children’s evaluations of cultural identity and learning methods. 相似文献
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文化神经科学是在宏大的文化背景下来全面深入考察个体的"心理、行为与脑认知机制"之间规律的一门学科。文化神经科学所倡导的神经-文化交互作用模型表明该学科以融合视野引领心理学研究范式的变革成为可能。同时,从文化学视野来审视,亦折射出其在文化学层面的短板,即人文精神与文化意蕴在"文化"名义下日渐式微。 相似文献
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Max Weisbuch Sarah A. Lamer Evelyne Treinen Kristin Pauker 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2017,11(9)
Causal influences of culture on cognition are challenging to examine scientifically. We here introduce a method to address this challenge. Cultural snapshots enable scientists to (a) characterize the cultural information commonly and frequently encountered by a collective, (b) examine how such cultural information influences the cognitions of individuals, and (c) draw conclusions about the emergence of shared cognition. Specifically, cultural snapshots are recorded samples of public environments commonly encountered by many people. Television scenes, photographs of public spaces, magazine pages, and social media conversations are all examples of cultural snapshots. Representative sets of cultural snapshots can be coded to index the systematic patterns of information encountered by a collective (i.e., cultural patterns). These same materials can be used to experimentally manipulate those cultural patterns, allowing scientists to examine cultural influences on cognition and behavior. We here review and provide guidelines for cultural snapshots research, trace cultural snapshots to classic theories of culture, and describe how cultural snapshots balance the constraints of representative design (Brunswik, 1956 ) with those of causal inference. We then illustrate how this approach is used to address (a) questions of causality in cultural psychology and (b) questions of applicability in social cognition research. We conclude by evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. 相似文献
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系列再生法是一种用来探讨文化动态中的社会心理过程之实验方法。所谓文化动态是指文化如何形成、维持,以及如何随着时间而变化。此方法特别有利于以下研究:文化讯息是如何透过社会网络被传播、什么类型的文化讯息较可能透过社会网络被传播,以及文化讯息由一个人传到另一个人的过程中,是如何转化的。本文概述了系列再生实验方法的优点及缺点,讨论此方法的理论架构,并举例展诉如何有系统地应用此法,做有关文化刻板印象的研究。最后,本文讨论未来的研究方向,如文化动态的潜在文化差异,以及文化动态与社会网络之间的互动过程。 相似文献
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Visitors, travellers and migrants have a range of reactions to ‘crossing culture’, ie moving from one cultural environment to another. This paper reports a two‐stage multi‐method study that examines how visitors' consumer behaviour and use of material possessions influence resolution of cultural fracture during periods of cultural transition. The research consisted of a quantitative survey (n = 598) and a qualitative ethnoconsumerist study of visitors to the UK. Analysis of the survey data shows that nationality is a poor indicator of crossing‐culture experiences. A Six Typology Model of Cultural Fracture identified six cluster groups using combinations of three types of cultural fracture experience: symbolic fracture, emotional fracture and functional fracture. The six clusters vary by consumer behaviour and possession use. The ethnoconsumerist study illustrates that consumer‐related activities and possession used together provide an important resource that visitors can use to make sense of crossing‐culture experiences. Product categories, retail formats and shopping conventions are also implicated in experiences of cultural fracture to varying degrees. The paper concludes by considering the limitations of importing a priori assumptions regarding nationality and ethnic differences in cross‐cultural consumer research, and discusses some of the potential benefits of multi‐method research in this context. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications. 相似文献
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Julia Shiang 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》1998,28(4):338-354
Completed suicides in San Francisco were examined in the racial groups of African Americans, Asians, Caucasians, Hispanics, and Native Americans for a 10-year period (1987–1996). Comparisons of rates across race and gender showed that both Caucasian men and women had the highest rates. Significant differences were found when racial groups were compared across age groups, gender, and method, but no significant difference was found in the use of firearms as a method of suicide. Differences and similarities are illustrated by comparing Caucasian and Asian patterns of suicide in the areas of (1) suicide in Asian homelands, (2) cultural context, and (3) cultural beliefs regarding psychopathology. A framework relating cultural variables to predisposing client variables is suggested for clinicians and researchers. 相似文献
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Ming Li Liman Man Wai Li Ke Zhao Ding‐Guo Gao 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2019,60(4):394-403
Group, which involves collective actions for achieving shared goals, can be conceptually understood as an important source of agency and control. The current research investigated whether group identity salience can enhance sense of agency within the individual. Specifically, we examined whether an activated cultural group identity, through presenting different types of cultural photographs in a predictable way, would facilitate people's sense of agency by using an implicit method, namely, intentional binding effect paradigm. Experiment 1a found that an activated cultural group identity enhanced the sense of agency. Next, Experiment 1b replicated the findings by recruiting a different ethnic group in the same society. Experiment 2 explored what may affect the intensity of induced sense of agency and found that perceived representativeness of the presented cultural stimuli was positively correlated with the intensity of induced sense of agency. Finally, Experiment 3 explored whether ethnic minority and majority groups would demonstrate different intensity of agency when their cultural identity was activated. The results showed that the sense of agency induced by the mainstream cultural stimuli was greater than that induced by the foreign cultural photographs. These patterns were not different between the two ethnic groups. Taken together, these findings reflected the dynamic nature of cultural identity construction in a multicultural society. 相似文献
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中国传统文化蕴涵着丰富的心理学思想。中国文化心理学的核心价值在于能够提供独特并具有普遍意义的方法论。该文从关于对象的理解、整体性思维、概念界定、证明方法和学科目标等几个方面指出了中国文化心理学的方法论启示。 相似文献
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援类而推的方法,是中国先秦时代特有的并广泛使用的一种思维方法。对于这种推类方法,古代先贤只给出了一系列的语义说明,没有而且也不可能给出一个形式语言的语形说明。如借助现象对事物的状态和功能及其所具有的规律进行描述的科学认识方法,我们今天可以尝试着给它构造一个推理模式,并通过分析它的思维进程、根据、推导原则及违反原则的错误,展现它的特点、能够成立的有效性及世代相传的普遍适用性。并进而了解其背后的逻辑原则、文化传统、人文精神,从逻辑与文化的角度增强我们对传统思维方法论意义、文化认同意义的感受。并在全球化的浪潮中,在越来越广泛的文化交流与沟通中,促进对传统思维方式的辩证扬弃,促进不同文化之间思维方式的沟通。 相似文献
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Relational‐Cultural Theory and Reality Therapy: A Culturally Responsive Integrative Framework
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The authors propose an integration of relational‐cultural theory and reality therapy. The authors contend that the traditional assumptions of reality therapy are consistent with the relational aspects of relational‐cultural theory and together provide a culturally responsive approach for diverse clients. The authors also include an overview of the 2 theories as well as highlight the convergences and divergences. In addition, the authors present a case illustration depicting the integration method in practice. 相似文献
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Regina Hechanova 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2012,15(3):208-219
This mixed method study examines the impact of culture masquerading among 488 Filipino customer service representatives handling international accounts. Culture masquerading is practised via taking on foreign names, locations and nationalities. Applying social identity theory, it is hypothesized and supported that masquerading of nationality is negatively related to cultural identity. As predicted, there is a positive relationship between cultural identity and organization commitment. No support is found for the hypothesis that cultural identity mediates the relationship between culture masquerading. Situated identity theory and economic, social, and historical influences are used to explain these findings. 相似文献
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从理论假设、概念体系和研究方法三个方面对B.Butterworth的“数字模块”理论进行了介绍和评价。该理论假定人类数学能力是先天的“数字模块”与后天的拓展模块功能的“概念工具”相互作用的产物。其概念体系涉及“数字模块”的定义、功能、结构及模块与文化资源间的相互作用。其方法以认知神经心理学为主,兼及跨文化、灵长目认知的研究和基因学的证据。 相似文献
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ANN FERGUSON 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2004,19(3):169-181
This paper on Ofelia Schutte's work discusses five main themes: gender oppression in the context of Latin American theories of social liberation; normative heterosexuality in Beauvoir and Irigaray; Schutte's analysis of women and capitalist globalization processes; her work on cultural identities; and the possibility of feminist transnational identities. 1 conclude with a comment on her postcolonial epistemological method in addressing cultural incommensurability and the possibility of a common agenda for transnational feminism. 相似文献
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胡适的禅学史研究及其与日本学者的禅学论争向来为学界所关注,但是,人们多注意其研究方法的得失而忽视其佛教文化价值立场的重要影响。本文着眼于人们不太注意的胡适有关佛教文化观念的资料与当时佛教界的回应,分析胡适佛教文化价值观念的现代性特征及对其禅学研究方法的影响,并与陈寅恪、汤用彤等同时代佛教史学者进行比较,说明胡适禅学史研究主要受制于其文化价值观念。 相似文献
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Enzo Grossi Giorgio Tavano Blessi Pier Luigi Sacco Massimo Buscema 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2012,13(1):129-148
The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of health status and cultural participation upon psychological well-being,
with special attention to the interaction between patterns of cultural access and other factors known to affect psychological
well-being. Data for this report were collected from a sample of 1,500 Italian citizens. A multi-step random sampling method
was adopted to draw a large representative sample from the Italian population. Subjects underwent a standard questionnaire
for psychological well-being [the Italian short form of the Psychological General Well Being Index (PGWBI)], and a questionnaire
related to the frequency of participation to 15 different kinds of cultural activities during the previous year. The results
show that, among the various potential factors considered, cultural access unexpectedly rankes as the second most important
determinant of psychological well-being, immediately after the absence or presence of diseases, and outperforming factors
such as job, age, income, civil status, education, place of living and other important factors. According to a semantic map
generated by a powerful data mining algorithm, it turns out that different factors (among which cultural access and health
status in particular) may be viewed as concurrent elements of a complex multi-causal scheme that seems to play a primary role
in determining psychological distress or well-being. In particular, distress seems to be tightly connected with: living in
the Southern part of Italy, average income level, living in semi-urban and urban areas, age group 46–60, presence of more
than two concomitant diseases and a low level of cultural access. Well being, on the other hand, is tightly connected with:
male gender, high cultural access, and absence of diseases. Some of these associations are confirmed by Principal Component
Analysis. 相似文献
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R Dugsin 《Family process》2001,40(2):233-241
In this article, I describe a study that generates a substantive theory of healing from the conflict experienced by second-generation emigrants from India living in North America. Qualitative methodology, specifically, the Grounded Theory method of data analysis and theory building, was used. Literature elucidating the differences between North American and Indian cultural values was used as a basis for exploration. Results suggest that cultural conflict stems from areas such as education and success, pressure from parents to maintain traditional cultural values, family bonds and lack of boundaries, parental control and abuse, and dating and marriage. The results of the conflict are discussed by participants in terms of loneliness and pain, lying, rebellion, or acceptance of cultural values. The factors that mediate the conflict and that determine the degree to which participants rebel or accept the cultural values seem to be linked to the approval and acceptance individuals received from their family or community and their level of self-esteem. Finally, I discuss how individuals can heal from the conflict. Methods of healing include communication with and education for parents, therapy in the areas of anger, resentment, and self-esteem, and developing an alternative support system, which may include other second-generation individuals. 相似文献
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Cultural differences in the emphasis on positive and negative emotions suggest that the impact of these emotions on well-being may differ across cultural contexts. The present study utilised a momentary sampling method to capture average momentary emotional experiences. We found that for participants from cultural contexts that foster positive emotions (European Americans and Hispanic Americans), average momentary positive emotions predicted well-being better than average momentary negative emotions. In contrast, average momentary negative emotions were more strongly associated with well-being measures for Asian Americans, the group from a cultural context that emphasises monitoring of negative emotions. Furthermore, we found that acculturation to American culture moderated the association between average momentary positive emotions and well-being for Asian Americans. These findings suggest the importance of culture in studying the impact of daily emotional experiences on well-being. 相似文献