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M Baum 《Psychological bulletin》1970,74(4):276-284
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Rats were trained to avoid shock and then were given flooding in conjunction with a peripheral muscle relaxant, suxomethonium bromide. Control groups received injections of distilled water and/or the drug after flooding. The drug acted to change the spontaneous behaviour of the animals during flooding, but had no significant effect on the efficacy of flooding as evidenced in subsequent avoidance-extinction responding. Implications for the relaxation theory of flooding were discussed. 相似文献
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Dale M. Atrens 《Learning and motivation》1973,4(3):320-326
Five rats, which were neither food nor water deprived, working on fixed or variable-interval schedules of reinforcement for intracranial stimulation developed consistent and excessive patterns of postreinforcement eating or drinking. The gradual deterioration of polydipsia and polyphagia in this situation points to a distinction between the acquisition and maintenance of these behaviors. 相似文献
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Christian Astrup 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1978,13(4):195-198
Desensitization of psychological and physiological complex structures may be the most important element of flooding treatment. The jmplosive sessions are assumed to represent a supramaximal stimulation of pathologically excited and inert complex structures resulting in protective inhibition, irradiation of excitation, reduction of the excitation and inertness, and a decrease of the overshooting autonomic reactivity of the complex structures, leading to reduction of anxiety, aggression, and other pathologically increased feelings. Advantages such as stronger and improved flooding can be achieved by a flooding in hypnosis. The therapeutic indications go beyond the usual treatment of phobic states. In order to establish the psychological and physiological mechanisms in implosion there is a need for psychophysiological investigations. However, much is unknown about mechanisms. Controlled comparisons with other treatments give limited answers. Perhaps an international case history bank might establish which clinical conditions might benefit by technical modifications of flooding. 相似文献
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Two experiments investigated the effects of prior extinction trials upon the effectiveness of response prevention procedures (flooding) in facilitating extinction of avoidance in rats. The results showed that both prior CS only extinction trials and response prevention independently hastened extinction and that response prevention is enhanced if prior extinction has already taken place. The results were interpreted as being consistent with a relaxation interpretation of extinction of avoidance behavior providing a ‘distraction’ or ‘attention shift’ factor is incorporated into theory. 相似文献
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STIAN SOLEM BJARNE HANSEN PATRICK A. VOGEL LEIF EDWARD OTTESEN KENNAIR 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2009,50(3):245-250
The aim of the study was to investigate whether inexperienced student therapists could successfully learn exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Twenty out of 21 outpatients completed treatment as delivered by ten psychology students. A total of 60 hours group supervision and approximately 30 hours with individual supervision was given to the students over the course of three semesters. Large effect sizes were observed for measures of symptoms and depression. Sixty-two percent ( N = 13) of the intent to treat group achieved clinical significant change and 81% no longer met the diagnosis criteria ( N = 17). The treatment effects observed at the 6 month follow-up period were promising. The results are encouraging for training students in evidence based treatment for specific disorders. 相似文献