老年肺癌患者个性特征调查给我们的启示

采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、成人艾克人格问卷(EPQ)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对127例老年肺癌患者进行调查。发现老年肺癌患者存在着特定的个性特征和情绪障碍,并且不同病期间相似。我们在老年肺癌诊疗决策中要给予足够的关注。     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗策略

非小细胞肺癌被认为是老年疾病。迄今为止尚无专门针对治疗老年NSCLC的指导原则。作者就当今对老年NSCLC的治疗策略进行论述,并指出年龄不是影响NSCLC患者实施手术治疗、放射治疗以及化学治疗的单一因素。     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗策略

非小细胞肺癌被认为是老年疾病.迄今为止尚无专门针对治疗老年NsCLC的指导原则.作者就当今对老年NSCLC的治疗策略进行论述,并指出年龄不是影响NSCLC患者实施手术治疗、放射治疗以及化学治疗的单一因素.     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗策略

非小细胞肺癌被认为是老年疾病。迄今为止尚无专门针对治疗老年NSCLC的指导原则。作者就当今对老年NSCLC的治疗策略进行论述,并指出年龄不是影响NSCLC患者实施手术治疗、放射治疗以及化学治疗的单一因素。     

高校贫困生的个性特征及心理健康状况

随着我国市场经济的发展及高校收费制度的改革,1994年来高校招生并轨制度开始实行,高校收费攀高。部分来自农村或城市贫困家庭的大学生,经济压力增大。     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗中存在的问题

肺癌已成为危害人类健康和导致死亡的最主要疾病,其中一半以上发生在老年人,且大部分为确诊时已为晚期,针对这些患者的诊断和治疗还存在很多误区,因多病并发所致的诊断延误、因恐惧所致的逃避、以及因对药物的过度依赖而对患者心理因素的忽视等,致使部分老年肺癌患者不能及时得到合理的治疗,值得引起临床医师的重视。     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗中存在的问题

肺癌已成为危害人类健康和导致死亡的最主要疾病,其中一半以上发生在老年人,且大部分为确诊时已为晚期,针对这些患者的诊断和治疗还存在很多误区,因多病并发所致的诊断延误、因恐惧所致的逃避、以及因对药物的过度依赖而对患者心理因素的忽视等,致使部分老年肺癌患者不能及时得到合理的治疗,值得引起临床医师的重视.     

决策策略与个性特征关系的模拟实验

本研究以实验室模拟实验和现场模拟实验为手段,以大学本科生和工厂管理人员为被试,分两部分进行。第一部分,以企业新产品开发为决策内容,考察这类决策情景的不确定性和决策策略的关系。结果发现,决策策略随不确定状态而改变;决策情景的不确定程度和决策策略没有严格的一一对应关系;在四类不确定决策情景下,都有被试采用混合型策略,从而验证了先前研究的结果。第二部分,我们考察了决策策略与个性特征的关系。结果发现,偏离决策策略的规定性理论所预测的被试同没有偏离的被试在CPI量表的三种个性特征上,即成熟度、成就动机与管理潜能,有显著性差异;对实验室实验被试和现场实验被试而言,均发现管理潜能这一个性特征一致性的显著影响。文章最后提出了有待进一步探索的课题。     

谷爱凌给我们的启示

<正>冬奥期间谷爱凌刷屏,各大网站鸡血遍地,无数家长的心中冉冉地升起了希望。就连我这半佛系妈妈都有那么一瞬间在想：“如果我家孩子再努努力,将来就算不能成为谷爱凌,也可能成为张爱凌吧！”我当真不是个消极的人,但作为一个心理学专业户和一男一女两个娃的亲妈,却很想给这股鸡血降降温。一个人在某个领域的巅峰成就,     

上海股民的投资行为与个性特征研究

采调查分析法,对上海的股票投资者进行了有关投资行为特点和个性心理牲方面的调查研究。结果表明：投资行为表现为中小投资者众多,资产组合单一等特点;经因素分析发现,影响股票投资绩效的主要维度是性格品质、能力、社会经济环境;气质是影响投资行为的一个重要因素,但对投资绩效没有影响。最后,文中对股票投资者提出了一些心理对策。     

Personality predictors of the time course for lung cancer onset

Numerous findings suggest that personality is linked to the incidence and experience of negative health outcomes. More specifically, trait negative affect is negatively related to a number of health outcomes. The current study expands our understanding of the link between personality and disease by examining the time course for lung cancer onset. In a sample of patients who had recently undergone surgical resection for lung cancer, a variety of negative affect related personality variables were assessed to determine their relationship with age at surgery. After controlling for smoking behavior, it was found that trait negative affect was associated with time course for lung cancer onset, such that those with higher (vs. lower) levels of trait negative affect manifested lung cancer earlier in their lives. Thus, trait negative affect represents an independent risk factor among those prone to lung cancer (i.e., smokers).     

Hierarchies in the Structure of Personality Traits

An emerging body of findings indicates that hierarchy is critical to integrating the Big Trait models – the Big Five, Big Four, Big Three, and Big Two – within a common structural framework. These findings, in addition to providing a unifying framework for understanding personality traits, confirm that hierarchy is an intrinsic and pervasive feature of trait structure. Here, fundamental concepts of trait hierarchies are reviewed, as is the empirical literature about hierarchies in personality trait structure. Important questions remain to be answered about the nature and form of hierarchies found in trait structure, as well as the methods used to understand them.     

Personality Neuroscience and the Biology of Traits

Personality neuroscience involves the use of neuroscience methods to study individual differences in behavior, motivation, emotion, and cognition. Personality psychology has contributed much to identifying the important dimensions of personality, but relatively little to understanding the biological sources of those dimensions. However, the rapidly expanding field of personality neuroscience is increasingly shedding light on this topic. This article provides a survey of progress in the use of neuroscience to study personality traits, organized using a hierarchical model of traits based on the Big Five dimensions: Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness/Intellect. Evidence is reviewed for hypotheses about the biological systems involved in each trait.     

诚信人格特质初探

本研究旨在探讨诚信人格特质的结构.利用人格词评定法,通过探索性因素分析得出诚信人格结构包括正性取向:实干重义、诚实信用、公正无欺、忠实可靠;负性取向:自私欺人、钻营世故、多谋寡信、虚伪不实.并通过验证性因素分析检验,结果表明所得的八个因素与诚信人格的结构拟合较好.     

Beyond Traits in the Study of Personality Coherence

People exhibit coherent patterns of experience and action that cannot be fully described or explained by personality trait models. Rather, personality coherence is expressed in dispositional tendencies that violate the structure of common trait categories. Across contexts, people display predictable patterns of behavioral variation that cannot be captured by trait constructs, which correspond to mean levels of response. In addition to these empirical findings, theoretical work in both psychology and philosophy challenges the conceptual strategies through which trait models explain personality coherence. These empirical and theoretical points can be addressed by alternative theoretical models that specify how underlying psychological systems give rise to both common and idiosyncratic patterns of personality consistency and variability.     

Five-Factor Measure of Borderline Personality Traits

This study provides psychometric data for a new self-report measure of borderline personality traits from the perspective of the Five-factor model (FFM) of general personality. Subscales were constructed in an undergraduate sample (n = 109) to assess maladaptive variants of 12 FFM traits (e.g., Affective Dysregulation as a maladaptive variant of FFM Vulnerability). On the basis of data from a second undergraduate sample (n = 111), the Five Factor Borderline Inventory (FFBI) subscales were shown to have good internal consistency, convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. These psychometric results were replicated in a clinical sample of female residents at a substance abuse treatment facility (n = 94).     

领导力人格特质的层次结构研究

与领导力有关的人格特质的研究一直以来存在缺乏结构．特质定义混乱的缺点。本研究通过访谈和综合以往文献中出现过的与管理绩效有稳定高相关的人格特质．编制了领导力人格特质问卷．并调查了552名被试,通过探索性因索分析和验证性因素分析,建立了领导力人格特质的二阶一因素模型,模型拟和程度达到优秀。方差分析结果显示,领导者与非领导者群体之间在三个一阶因素和一个二阶因素上均存在显著差异,其中以一阶因素开创性的组问差异最大。     

A Five-Factor Measure of Dependent Personality Traits

This study provides convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity data for a new measure of dependent personality traits from the perspective of the five-factor model (FFM). Dependent personality trait scales were constructed as maladaptive variants of FFM facets (e.g., Gullibility as a maladaptive variant of FFM trust). Based on responses from 383 undergraduates, the convergent validity of the Five-Factor Dependency Inventory (FFDI) scales was tested with respect to 2 measures of the FFM, 6 dependency trait scales, and 4 measures of dependent personality disorder. Discriminant validity was tested with respect to FFM facets from alternative domains. Incremental validity was tested with respect to the ability of the FFM dependent personality trait scales to account for variance in 2 established measures of dependency, after variance accounted for by respective FFM facet scales and other measures of DPD was first removed. The results of this study provided support for the validity of the FFDI assessment of dependency from the perspective of the FFM.