个体和群体方式绩效评估的准确性研究

本研究通过对 2 1 0名大学生以个体和群体方式对两个学科评估结果的研究 ,分析了个体与群体评估方式以及不同的评估标准对评估过程和评估结果的影响。研究结果表明 :1群体评估方式有利于减少评估中的晕轮效应 ;2群体方式有利于提高对评估信息的利用水平 ;3群体方式有利于提高评估者评分倾向 ,即代表性认知的一致程度 ;4群体方式有利于提高评估者理解绩效信息意义的一致程度 ;5群体方式评估时评估者对绩效信息结构的理解更为合理 ;6提供较为详细的评估标准有利于提高对信息的利用水平 ,有利于提高评估者评分倾向的一致程度以及评估者对学科差异的敏感性。     

国外生涯适应力研究述评

生涯适应力是个体因应生涯角色变化并与之保持平衡的能力, 被视为个体在快速变化的现代社会中获得生涯成功的关键能力, 是国外近年来生涯心理学领域的一个新理论生长点。在综合国外相关研究的基础上, 从生涯适应力的缘起、概念内涵、理论建构及实证研究等方面对生涯适应力的研究进行了综述, 以便人们更深入地体会其丰富的理论内涵和实践价值; 最后, 该文指出未来生涯适应力的研究应继续注重理论建构的丰富和完善、注意概念的文化适应性、关注其在生涯咨询实践中的应用以及加强对有生涯困境群体的研究。     

用统计软件评估和改进医学教学的思考和尝试

现阶段的医学教学质量评估体系对教学质量未能进行全面有效的评估,缺乏科学、全面、系统的教学效果评估,极大地影响了教学效果和对教学质量的改进。 本文从医学院实际出发,对应用统计软件定量评估医学教学质量,辅助确定教学改进计划进行了初步思考和尝试。     

国内心理咨询的过程-效果研究状况及问题

心理咨询过程-效果研究考察咨询过程变量对咨询效果的影响。西方的过程-效果研究已历时半个多世纪, 经历了对重要过程变量的探索、验证和作用机制的考察这一发展历程。研究方法经历了从偏重量化方法到重视质化方法再到质、量结合的方法的演进, 每种方法自身也在不断改进。国内的过程-效果研究刚刚起步, 存在研究范围狭窄、本土化研究欠缺、研究方法简单等一系列问题, 在开展研究时应考虑研究目标、研究选题、研究的信效度等问题。     

生涯建构理论:内涵、框架与应用

在快速变化和充满不确定的知识经济时代,由组织或社会主导的传统职业生涯模式受到极大冲击,个体职业生涯发展的自我概念正在不断被强化。生涯建构理论认为,个体职业发展的实质就是追求主观自我与外在客观世界相互适应的动态建构过程,而不同的人所建构的内容和结果往往是不一样的。以"适应"为核心的生涯建构模型,为后现代视角下的职业发展研究提供了新的主题和思路,个体特征、情境因素都是影响生涯建构结果的重要方面。今后应进一步深化针对具体某一职场阶段或职业人群的分析,不断丰富有关情境影响因素的讨论,同时多关注生涯建构过程的质性研究及干预研究。     

治疗性评估的效果和机制及其在中国文化情境中的发展

治疗性评估是一种评估和干预的半结构化模型,强调当事人和评估者的协作,在实现评估目标的同时,能够促进当事人的改变。其主要效果体现为减轻症状,增加自尊和希望感以及促进参与治疗的动机等。和传统咨询技术相比,它还具有时间短、效率高以及能与其他治疗技术联合使用等优势。其主要局限为缺乏足够多的大样本研究,在跨国别、跨文化情境中的适用性及其作用机制还需进一步探讨。治疗性评估在中国文化情境下的发展,则受到测验工具的汉化修订、专业人员心理评估胜任力不足等挑战。     

人力资源价值评估研究

人力资源价值在现代企业 ,尤其是知识型企业的管理中具有重要的作用 ,因此对人力资源价值的正确评估是现代经济 ,尤其是知识经济发展中必须解决的一个关键问题。要正确评估人力资源价值就需要正确对待影响企业人力资源价值评估的因素和人力资源价值评估特点 ,根据人力资源价值评估的假设和原则 ,使用正确的人力资源价值评估方法 ,并考虑人力资源的绩效、使用环境、价值构成变化、使用期限和人力资源效能发挥等问题对人力资源价值评估的影响     

内隐绩效模型对绩效评估一致性的效应分析

本文在以往研究基础上,对评估者的内隐绩效模型进行了理论分析和实证研究。通过对上级、一级评估者的内隐绩效模型和对下级绩效评估的比较研究发现,上下级主估者的内隐绩效模型存在差异,并对绩效评估的一致性有重要的影响作用。本文还对内隐绩效模型的形成进行了探讨。     

罪犯改造成效评估量表的建构

本研究运用因素分析法,尝试建构我国监狱中罪犯改造成效评估量走。该量表分Ａ版（干警评定量表）与Ｂ版（服刑人员他评量表）。结果表明,该量表具有较高的信度、效度,所得的改造成效评估三因素结构合理,内容清晰     

卫生技术评估在医疗领域的开展

介绍了卫生技术评估的基本概念以及对医疗卫生领域的影响,并指出在开展评估过程中应注意的几个问题。     

Using Qualitative Appraisal Strategies in Career Counseling

This article examines the role of qualitative career assessment strategies in career counseling. Their use, especially in enlivening the career counseling process, is emphasized. Four specific procedures—life career assessment, life line, genogram, and Super's (Super, Savickas, & Super, 1996) Life Career Rainbow—are discussed.     

Career Counseling With Couples

As an outgrowth of the developmental and systemic trends characterizing career counseling in recent years, the role of the family has been highlighted. Nonetheless, inadequate attention has been given to incorporating family members in the career counseling setting with adult clients. This article explores a career counseling paradigm that takes into account the couple dynamics active in the adult's career choice process. Unique elements of the conjoint model, such as couple career assessment, along with directions for further study, are offered.     

Efficacy of a Post-modern Group Career Assessment Intervention of Disadvantaged High School Learners

The study used a post-modern group assessment procedure to explore career perceptions of 11 Grade 11 learners (6= males; 5= females; mean age = 17 years) from disadvantaged communities. A qualitative process of thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. The results suggest that narrative career assessment in a group setting may provide a viable alternative to career counselling and assessment with disadvantaged learners.     

Planned Happenstance: Constructing Unexpected Career Opportunities

Chance plays an important role in everyone's career, but career counseling is still perceived as a process designed to eliminate chance from career decision making. Traditional career counseling interventions are no longer sufficient to prepare clients to respond to career uncertainties. Work world shifts challenge career counselors to adopt a counseling intervention that views unplanned events as both inevitable and desirable. Counselors need to teach clients to engage in exploratory activities to increase the probability that the clients will discover unexpected career opportunities. Unplanned events can become opportunities for learning.     

Assessment Use by Counselors in the United States: Implications for Policy and Practice

Although assessment use is a professional activity recognized by every major counseling organization, little is known about which assessments are used in counseling. In this study, 926 respondents from a random national sample of counselors reported their use of personality, projective, career, intelligence/cognitive, educational/achievement, clinical/behavioral, and environmental/interpersonal tests. Test rankings by frequency of use and comparisons by type of counselor and type of test are reported. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.     

Perspectives actuelles du conseil psychologique en orientation

The relation between psychology as a discipline and career counseling has always been difficult to precisely define in France. Sometimes they are considered as very close; sometimes they are seen as independent. The history of career counseling is full of this ambivalent relationship. Nowadays, current transformations in organizations and in the world of work, together with an increasing number of counseling demands, bring practitioners and researchers to reconsider this relationship. The present article explores the conditions of a psychological perspective of career counseling in France. The comparison with English speaking contexts serves as a starting point. Practical, theoretical and epistemological issues are explored in order to define propositions concerning a psychological perspective of career counseling in the French context. The strategic professional role of the psychologist is presented as a core competence in the practice of interviews. A holistic perspective, centered on the interaction between the context and the individual, from the point of view of an ecological development of well-being, is described and discussed.     

Developmental Career Assessment and Counseling: The C-DAC Model

The C-DAC model seeks to implement current development theory and to use innovative assessment measures together with improved counseling methods to improve vocational and life career counseling. At this stage, the project pays more attention to assessment, partly because if one is to counsel with career maturity in mind, one must understand the developmental status of the counselee. In career counseling, facts as well as feelings are important. Therefore, in this article the authors deal with the assessment of career development in detail, treating interests (measured by the Strong) and expressed preferences as basic status data to be viewed in the light of career maturity, the salience of life roles, and the values sought in life as moderator variables. The instruments are described and their use shown in a sample profile for assessment and checking by the reader in another readily available published source.     

Career Concerns for People Living With HIV/AIDS

The purpose of this study was to identify the career concerns of people living with HIV/AIDS. The authors used qualitative research methodology to ask participants to discuss the impact their diagnosis has had on their career development concerns and their career goals. Based on participants' interview responses, the authors classified their concerns as relating to career or workplace issues, medical issues, or coping resources. Career counseling implications for each category are discussed.     

infusing systems thinking into career counseling

This study examined the role of career counselors in infusing systems thinking into occupational advising. The authors conducted a qualitative review and analysis of selected literature on systems thinking and analyzed trends for adaptation to career counseling practice. This analysis suggests that career counselors need to infuse systems approaches into professional practice, for example, use of systems language that assists the client in exploring career plans. The authors also identified various new right‐brain directed thinking approaches (Pink, 2006; Shutt, 2008) for use in career counseling sessions. Results and implications are discussed.     

Career Services in the Post‐COVID‐19 Era: A Paradigm for Career Counseling Unemployed Individuals

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic has caused unprecedented economic disruption and unemployment worldwide, threatening to become both a financial and a humanitarian crisis. Prolonged labor market recession and an acute rise of unemployment are expected. The main question for career counselors will be how to provide effective career counseling to unemployed people in the post‐COVID‐19 world, where they may face many other unemployment‐related problems. In this article, we suggest application of a holistic intervention model of career counseling for unemployed people that was designed to address the consequences of the acute financial recession in Greece.