心理神经免疫学的新进展

心理因素对免疫的影响已经引起了研究者的特别关注。近两年心理神经免疫学研究会((Psychoneuroimmunology esearch ociety)每年召开一次世界性心理神经免疫学学术年会,而且在Entrez-PubMed和BioMedNet中,1985-2001年标题中含有psychoneuroimmunology的文章分别有130篇和131篇,文字中含有psychoneuroimmunology的文章有605篇,这些足见免疫学界对心理神经免疫问题的重视。     

关于自我怀疑的研究进展

当今社会心理健康越来越受到人们的关注。自我怀疑(self-doubt)是心理不健康的一种主要表现,严重威胁着人们学习、工作和生活的正常进行;因而受到众多学者的广泛研究。本文拟介绍心理学家近十年来对自我怀疑的特点、成因等方面的研究进展。     

舌尖现象的研究进展

舌尖现象(thetip of tongue phenomenon,简称TOT)具有非常重要的研究价值,通过了解TOT的产生机制可以为我们理解言语产生等问题提供一个视窗,本文总结和回顾了国外有关TOT研究各方面的进展情况,并指出了当前研究存在的一些问题,目的是给国内的同行提供一点借鉴。     

Inverting the Object of Study: Recalibrating the Frame of Reference in Study Abroad Experiences

This essay is concerned with study abroad experiences as opportunities for student cognitive development, using the interpretive lens of educational psychologist William G. Perry. A standard and often valuable assignment in courses on world religions is a site visit to a religious institution in one's local area. This may concretize otherwise abstract materials and help students reflect on ways in which the lived experience of religion differs from its presentation in course texts and other academic materials. Increasingly, study abroad trips are being offered as extended and more intensive ways of bringing this material to life, offering students opportunity to see lived religion within another cultural framework. At the heart of this paper is the contention that such study abroad experiences function not simply as longer, more intense versions of site visits but, rather, as experiences that invert the subject and object of study. The worldview of the student becomes a primary object of study, which is examined, as it were, by the particulars of the religion(s) under investigation and the cultures of which said religion(s) are a part. Where site visits offer students an opportunity to visit the strange amidst the familiar, study abroad trips provide opportunities for students to become the strange within a recalibrated familiar. The subject becomes the object and is interrogated by the context of study. While local, stateside site visits can offer a degree of such dislocation, their brevity, together with some degree of assimilation to the larger culture flows on the part of the local religious institution being visited, most often mitigates any significant inversion. Students generally see such institutions as either mildly or wildly exotic, but always within their frame of reference, which constitutes the norm. When abroad, the normative experience of students is often subverted in ways that lay bare the assumptions behind such views and makes possible another world in which to live. Simply put, the subject and object of study change places. If this inversion is carefully attended to, it can provide rich insight into not only the topics nominally being studied but also occasion opportunity for real cognitive development on the part of the student. This essay is published alongside of six other essays, including a response from John Barbour, comprising a special section of the journal (see Teaching Theology and Religion 18:1, January 2015).     

关于腹腔镜在外科手术中过度应用的分析

腹腔镜手术是目前外科领域的一个重要方面,随着腹腔镜手术技巧的提高,越来越多的疾病可以通过腹腔镜手术得到治疗,但同时腹腔镜在外科治疗中过度应用也成为一个重要的社会问题。通过分析腹腔镜过度应用的特点,探讨过度医疗的原因及后果,并提出相应的措施。     

西蒙效应研究新进展

该文主要从三个方面回顾了西蒙效应的研究：双线路模型,信息门控御制理论以及最新的从捆绑的角度对西蒙效应所做的事件文件构想的解释。在对各个理论的优势和不足做了简要的评价后,启示和思考的部分提出了改善实验的概括性方案,同时对理论的扩展提出了相应的建议。