共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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《心理学报》2014,(3)
本研究根据音乐和语言的层级结构,从各个加工阶段出发,探讨音乐和语言的关系。具体而言,我们对已有的音乐与语言的元分析结果进行对比,并在此基础上探讨了音乐和语言在神经基础上的异同。结果表明,语音分析与音乐加工的重合发生在听觉—运动环路,与音程分析的重合节点在左侧中央前回,与结构分析的在左侧额盖区;语义分析与音乐加工的重合发生在核心环路,重合节点分别是左侧颞上回和左侧额下回(音程分析),以及右侧额下回(结构分析);句子分析和音乐知觉的重合发生在认知—情绪环路中的右侧脑岛。此结果暗示了音乐旋律分析与词义加工的关系可能是音乐语言共享神经基础的核心部分。同时,分别计算音乐两层级与语言簇的重合率发现,音程分析和语言加工重合更多,在大脑左侧有50%重合,而结构分析与语言加工重合较少,在大脑双侧分别只有7%和14%重合,暗示了在较为低层级的加工阶段,音乐和语言更可能存在共享的神经基础,而在更为高层级的加工阶段,二者更多地表现出各自独特的特点。 相似文献
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音高是音乐和言语领域中一个重要维度。失歌症是一种对音乐音高加工的障碍。探讨失歌症者对音乐和言语音高的加工有助于揭示音乐和言语音高加工是否共享特定的认知和神经机制。已有研究结果表明, 失歌症者对音乐音高加工存在障碍, 这种音高障碍在一定程度上影响到言语音高加工。同时, 声调语言背景无法弥补失歌症者的音高障碍。这些研究结果支持了资源-共享框架(resource-sharing framework), 即音乐和语言共享特定的认知和神经机制(Patel, 2003, 2008, in press), 并可能在一定程度上为失语症临床治疗提供借鉴。 相似文献
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语言与音乐活动的脑机制研究述评 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
语言和音乐是否具有相同加工机制的争论持续了很长时间。对失语症和失乐症的研究进行了简要回顾,并结合ERP和功能神经影像对语言和音乐的对比加工及同步加工分别进行研究,发现两者很大程度上存在加工机制的重合,即具有共同的神经加工源。对音乐加工的多个领域进行研究有助于语言加工研究的进展,两者的结合有着更深远的应用前景 相似文献
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音乐和语言加工神经基础的关系研究,近年来发展迅速,获得了越来越多的关注。“共享结构整合资源假说”主张音乐的句法加工和语言的句法加工具有较大程度的神经资源的共享。在听觉语言实验中反映句法违例的ERP ELAN与音乐句法违例引发的ERAN极为相似,唯一的区别仅在于它们的分布有所不同——ERAN就像是一个两半球对称的ELAN。而且ERAN的引发不受是否接受过音乐训练这一因素的影响,虽然音乐人被试引发的ERAN波幅更大。一些研究发现音乐语义加工的神经基础为N400和N500。前者可以由音乐和语言两种刺激引发,后者只能由音乐意义的加工引发。然而,音乐的音调感知和语言的音调感知是否共享了神经资源,却还没有确定的结论。 相似文献
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绝对音高(absolute pitch,AP)是一种比较罕见的音高加工能力,具有特殊的认知和神经机制。事件相关电位研究表明AP音乐家进行音高命名时,工作记忆参与较少但涉及多个认知策略。功能神经成像研究发现左侧额叶背侧后部和左侧颞叶平面对AP音乐家非常重要,而准AP音乐家(quasi-AP)的某些右侧脑区的参与则反映其增加的音高加工负荷和难度。结构神经成像研究发现AP音乐家具有特殊的灰质结构形态及白质连接。未来研究有待将AP能力进一步分为"具有相对音高能力"与"没有相对音高能力"两类并观察相应的认知神经机制,并通过影像基因组学来探索基因多态性对AP能力的影响,以及有必要观察以声调语言为母语的音乐家进行音高加工的神经机制。 相似文献
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语言和音乐在呈现过程中, 小单元相互结合组成更大的单元, 最终形成层级结构。已有研究表明, 听者能够将连续的语流和音乐切分成层级结构, 并在大脑中形成层级表征。在感知基础之上, 听者还能将新出现的语言和音乐事件整合到层级结构之中, 形成连贯理解, 最终顺利地完成交流过程。未来研究应剖析边界线索在层级结构感知中的作用, 考察不同层级整合过程的影响因素, 进一步探索语言和音乐层级结构加工的关系。 相似文献
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情绪与语言加工的相互作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
情绪与语言加工的相互关系逐渐受到了研究者的重视。一方面,情绪对语言加工有着重要的影响,表现为:(1)语言中蕴含的情绪信息对语言加工的影响,包括情绪词、情绪性语句、情绪性篇章的加工;(2)情绪背景对语言加工的影响,包括自身的情绪状态背景(如,抑郁、焦虑、快乐等心境),以及情绪语调/语境、情绪图片、音乐等外在情绪线索诱发的情绪背景;(3)内化的情绪反应模式(如身体姿势、面部表情等)对语言加工的影响。另一方面,语言对情绪加工也有着重要的影响,表现为:(1)语义概念对情绪知觉的影响;(2)语言指导在情绪学习中的作用;(3)语言在情绪调节中的作用。未来的研究应该深入探讨情绪与语言加工的相互作用的内部机制,并将基础研究和教育及临床应用结合起来。 相似文献
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Laurent Bonnasse-Gahot 《Cognitive Science》2020,44(4):e12826
Since its inception, Shannon's information theory has attracted interest for the study of language and music. Recently, a wide range of converging studies have shown how efficient communication pervades language, from phonetics to syntax. Efficient principles imply that more resources should be assigned to highly informative items. For instance, average information content was shown to be a better predictor of word length than frequency, revisiting the famous Zipf's law. However, in spite of the success of the efficient communication framework in the study of language and speech, very little work has investigated its relevance in the analysis of music. Here, we examine the organization of harmonic information in two large corpora of Western music, one made of MIDI files directly sequenced from scores, and the other made of MIDI recordings of live performances of highly skilled piano players. We show that there is a clear positive relationship between (contextual) information content of harmonic sequences and two essential musical properties, namely duration and loudness: the more unexpected a harmonic event is, the longer and the louder it is. 相似文献
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事件合理性在句子阅读中作用的研究有助于明确句子阅读时各种信息的时间整合进程, 进一步建构语言理解的系统构架。研究表明事件合理性会影响句子阅读。一方面, 句子阅读的很多研究方法都可以用来考察事件合理性; 另一方面, 事件合理性研究结果的解释可以补充句子理解机制。目前研究者们对事件合理性能否即时影响句子阅读存在争议, 而且影响事件合理性的因素有很多, 因此以后的研究应平衡好各种影响因素, 也可采用双语被试来研究句子合理性。 相似文献
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R A McFarland K Hanna R Kadish R F Kennison S Bush C Bowd 《The Journal of general psychology》1990,117(4):411-423
Equal numbers of men and women learned a finger maze, with half of the subjects initially using their right hands and the other half using their left hands. To reach criterion, subjects receiving music in the ear ipsilateral to the hand used required more trials than did those receiving no music. Furthermore, when the right hand ran the maze, music played to the ipsilateral ear also delayed learning, compared with music played contralaterally. Binaural music delayed learning when the left hand was used but not when the right hand was used. Possible causes of these effects are suggested. When subjects switched hands and relearned the maze, the number of trials to criterion depended on the group subjects were in during initial learning and not on the group they were in during the hand reversal (response generalization) trials. Although the music condition used determined the effect of music on initial learning and on response generalization, some evidence is presented that indicates that the two effects are not entirely interdependent and that they may even involve different mechanisms. 相似文献
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Influence of music on Wingate Anaerobic Test performance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
While several studies have investigated the effects of music on cardiovascular endurance performance and perceived exertion during exercise of moderate intensity, few studies have investigated such effects on supramaximal exercise bouts. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether music affects performance on the Wingate Anaerobic Test. Each of the 12 men and 3 women were required to report to the laboratory on two occasions, once for tests in the music condition and once for tests in the nonmusic condition. Conditions were randomly ordered. All music selections were set at the same tempo. On each test day subjects performed a series of three Wingate Anaerobic Tests with 30-sec. rests in between. On Test 3 subjects were asked to continue pedaling until fatigued. Mean Power Output, Maximum Power Output, Minimum Power Output, and Fatigue Index were compared between conditions for each test using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Time to fatigue on Trial 3 compared by analysis of variance gave no significant differences between conditions for any measures. 相似文献