Same-Sex Marriage and Equality

Some argue that same-sex marriage is not an equal rights issue because, where same-sex marriage is illegal, heterosexuals and homosexuals have the exact same right to marry—i.e., the right to marry one adult of the opposite sex. I dispute this argument by pointing out that while societies that prohibit same-sex marriage equally permit individual heterosexuals and homosexuals to marry one adult of the opposite sex, same-sex couples in such societies are denied an important right that opposite-sex couples enjoy—i.e., the right to marry. I argue that the right to marry is fundamentally, not an individual right, but a couple’s collective right, analogous to assembly rights.     

平等的限制

罗尔斯《正义论》的出版,实现了当代政治哲学研究主题范式的转换:从自由到平等。人类几千年以来都在追求平等,然而时至今日仍难以完全实现。新自由主义提出了不同的平等理论范式来解决经济的不平等。罗尔斯的“民主平等”被视为诸种平等理论中的上佳范式,其缜密的论证、严密的逻辑、精巧的体系都令人叹为观止。但是,任何一种理论,无论多么精妙总会受到许多限制和约束。一解决不平等的理由充足与否构成平等理论的首要限制。解决不平等的理由是什么,这可以从两个方面来分析回答:一是为什么要平等;二是导致不平等的原因在道德上是不应该的。人…     

论复合平等

分配的正义是一个宽广的观念。它把整个物品(goods)的世界都置于哲学反思的领域之内。没有什么会被忽略;我们公共生活的每一个特征都会被考察到。人类社会就是一个进行分配的社群。人类社会不全是分配的社会,但却主要是一个分配的社会：我们在一起共有(share)、划分(divide)和交换(exchange)。我们同样在一起制造那些我们所共有、划分和交换的事物;而制造——也就是工作——是通过劳动的划分而在我们中间分配的。我在经济中的处境,我在政治秩序中的地位,我在同侪中的声誉,我的物质的所有物：所有这些都自他人而来,到我这里。说我是正确地还是错误地、正义地还是不正义地拥有我所拥有的事物是可能的;但是给定分配的范围和参与者的人数,要作出这样的判断决不是轻易的。     

平等与运气:以德沃金为中心的考察

作为运气均等主义理论--当代平等理论争论的焦点问题之一--最为著名的代表,罗纳德·德沃金将运气分为"原生运气"与"选项运气",并认为町以通过虚拟保险市场这种思想试验将原生运气转化为选项运气.实际上,德沃金对选项运气与原生运气的区分是不合理的,同时德沃金通过虚拟保险市场将原生运气转化为选项运气的努力亦是不成功的.虽然如此,原生运气和选项运气仍是运气均等主义理论的重要分析概念.     

朝鲜儒学的本土化与民族化历程

从朝鲜社会对儒学的认知及实践言,朝鲜儒学可划分为对中国儒学的全面接受及朝鲜儒学本土化、民族化的完成两大阶段.伴随着汉字、汉文化在朝鲜半岛的传播,儒学在朝鲜三国时期即得到国家承认,得以广泛流布.儒学在这片异国的土地上扎下根来,成为朝鲜社会重要的精神滋养;而在两千余年的传播发展过程中,经由历代朝鲜学者的不懈努力,儒学与朝鲜本土文化融为一体,以性理学的出现为标志,成功地完成了其本土化、民族化的过程,成为朝鲜传统文化不可或缺的精神支柱及深层动力.     

Security,Profiling and Equality

How, exactly, must we strike the balance between security and equality? Must we insist, out of respect for the equality of persons, that the police refrain from using ethnic profiling and opt for some other strategy in their pursuit of terrorists, or must we allow the police to continue with this policy, which seems to sacrifice equality for the sake of security? This paper assesses the ethical status of ethnic profiling from the perspective of the ideal of equality. The paper shows how the ethical status of ethnic profiling changes depending on how exactly we specify the egalitarian ideal. Furthermore, it argues that on a plausible interpretation of the ideal of equality, ethnic profiling is not in principle objectionable.     

Market Equality and Social Freedom

ABSTRACT Conflicts between the good of each and the good of all are often presented in terms of freedom versus equality, with liberals pulled one way by libertarians and the other by social democrats. When we distinguish between negative and positive notions not only of freedom but also of equality, the liberal freedom 'to pursue our own good in our own way'is a positive freedom involving a negative idea of equality (or 'equity'). Yet 'equity'is not strong enough to deal with the problem of public goods. Trust is a public good, essential if markets are to work and dependable only where there is a moral commitment to a positive basic equality among citizens.     

读《文心雕龙》创作理论中的儒道思想背景

<文心雕龙>中的创作理论是刘勰以推崇孔子教化的名义,用儒、道等家的思想对文学创作理论的阐发,本文拟返本复源,找出其中的儒、道思想脉络,以彰显古圣先贤之学在文学领域里的启发和指导作用.