Windows on the 21st century

Behavior analysis is a cultural system of which the Association for Behavior Analysis is a component cultural system. As cultural systems, they are composed of interlocking behavioral contingencies that constitute their cultural practices. Critical to the survival of both cultural systems is the frequency of interaction with and the nature of the content of the behavioral contingencies composing those cultural practices. The strengths of behavior analysis as a cultural system include its disciplinary character and its worldwide community of scientists and practitioners; its ability to be integrated into a scientific worldview; its track record in providing effective solutions to problems of importance to society; and the high levels of intellect, competence, and commitment that are characteristic of its participants. Weaknesses of behavior analysis are its status as an academic orphan, its relatively small size and its underdeveloped professional identity, and a lack of sociopolitical sophistication among many of its members. Behavior analysis will need to maximize its strengths and mitigate its weaknesses if it is to take advantage of the many opportunities available for growth in the modern world.     

发展和谐医患关系与医疗秩序重构

发展和谐医患关系是保持正常医疗秩序的重要前提,而目前的医疗秩序重构又是发展和谐医患关系的必然。和谐医患关系的基础是医疗卫生服务价值理念的普遍公正合理,它要求以”以人为本”作为价值取向,以“人人享有”作为目标模式,以“医疗公平”作为基本理念,以“利益平衡”作为政治前提,以“规范监管”作为制度保障,以“诚信互动”作为必要条件。     

Culture and Personality Studies, 1918–1960: Myth and History

The field known as "culture and personality studies" in the middle decades of the 20th century was a precursor of contemporary cross-cultural research on personality. Its rejection by anthropologists and sociologists after 1950 was accompanied by stereotypes that have hardened into myth and obscured its character and relevance for contemporary investigators. This article dispels some prevalent misconceptions (concerning its chronology, its theoretical unity, its positions on individual differences and its relationship to Freudian psychoanalysis) and proposes a tentative explanation of its decline.     

《管子》修养思想探究

《管子》含有丰富的修养思想,既有实践层面上针对不同人群的修养要求,又有形上层面的修养理论构建。在其产生意义,指导思想,保障措施,修养重点上均有不同于其他修养思想的理论特点。     

Multiple Family Group Therapy: A Review of the Literature

This review focuses upon multiple family group therapy, its origin in the intersection of family and group therapies, its use in a variety of settings, its specific techniques and group development in individual and ongoing meetings, its goals and dominant themes, its parallels in family and group work. Also discussed are evaluation of outcome of this therapy modality and those dynamics thought to contribute to family change. Areas for further investigation are outlined.     

IS SEXUAL DESIRE RACED?: THE SOCIAL MEANING OF INTERRACIAL PROSTITUTION

I shall forgive the white South much in its final judgment day: I shall forgive its slavery, for slavery is a world-old habit; I shall forgive its fighting for a well-lost cause, and for remembering that struggle with tender tears; I shall forgive its so-called "pride of race," the passion of its hot blood, and even its dear, old, laughable strutting and posing; but one thing I shall never forgive, neither in this world nor the world to come: its wanton and continued and persistent insulting of the black womanhood which it sought and seeks to prostitute to its lust. (W.E.B. DuBois)
The assumption that one can privilege gender, in advance, as a category, setting the terms of inclusion without fully considering those for whom gender alone fails to capture the multiplicity of experience, is itself an Orientalist move. (Dorinne Kondo)     

中医药学将走向何方

由于中医缺乏形态学,中医没有成熟的科学实验,中医的诊断很难标准化、客观化,理论逻辑的致命弱点,理论体系难以重构,所以中医药学在很长一段时间内将保留下来之后,随着中医药学的理论体系的缺陷无法克服,原有的中医药体系必然解体,其中有部分内容融入现代医学。中医药学的归宿就是逐渐融入现代医学。     

儒家的修身思想体系探微

儒家文化中的“修身”思想作为一种底蕴深厚的文化现象,本身具有完备的理论体系。这个体系以“人性论”为思想基础,以“仁”为核心,以“礼”为判断标准,以“修己”为基本模式,以“博学”、“正己”、“尚义”、“中和”、“多思”、“慎独”、“重节”、“重行”为主要内容,以立“圣人之德”为最高精神境界,形成了既有坚实的思想基础、又有丰富的实际内容的文化体系。     

For the Right Reasons: The FORR Architecture for Learning in a Skill Domain

The theme of this article is that knowledge acquisition can be managed as a transition from general expertise to specific expertise. FORR is a general architecture for learning and problem solving that models expertise at a set of related problem classes. This architecture postulates initial brood domain knowledge, and gradually specializes it to simulate expertise in individual problem classes. FORR is based upon a realistic portrayal of the nature of human expertise and its application. Rather than restrict learning to a single method or a single kind of knowledge, the architecture pragmatically requires multiple, disagreeing heuristic agents to collaborate on decisions. A FORR-based program learns both from its apprenticeship to an external expert model and from practice in its domain. An implementation for game playing is described that raises interesting issues about the organization and modification of conflicting expertise, and the role that experience plays in such learning. FORR's principal strengths are its smooth integration of multiple expertise, its ability to learn many ways, its tolerance for human and machine error, its graceful degradation, its transparency, and its support for a developmental paradigm.     

孟子“以意逆志”说考论

从文学解释学的角度系统研究孟子的“以意逆志”说 :考察其诗学背景 ,论列其理论基础 ,我们就可以从另一个视角较为深入地分析其理论内涵 ,充分地论证它在中国古典解释学史上的开创意义 ,即“以意逆志”说是中国第一个具有自觉理论意识和深厚理论内涵的心理解释方法论。在当时 ,它具有可贵的创造性 ;对后世 ,它具有深远的启示性。     

患者自控镇痛技术防治开胸手术后胃肠道功能紊乱的临床思考

胃肠道功能紊乱是开胸手术后一种常见而严重的并发症,本文指出了它的危害,探讨了它产生的原因,并阐述了患者自控镇痛技术对开胸手术后胃肠道功能紊乱的防治作用及其局限性,为防治该并发症提出新的临床思路。     

CLARION模型：内隐与外显技能学习的整合

CLARION是一个与其它认知理论明显不同的计算认知模型,它可用来研究内隐和外显学习交互作用的各种定量数据。通过对经典内隐学习任务（如系列反应时任务、加工控制任务及其他高级认知加工任务）的模拟实验,在与人类实验数据的拟合上,CLARION展示出比以往认知模型更好的性能。它主要有两个特征：一是对内隐学习和外显学习的整合,二是对自下而上加工的强调。近几年,CLARION模型在理论和实践上都有较大进展。文章简要评述了CLARION模型,并围绕此模型介绍了学界有关内隐和外显加工交互作用的探索     

国外教师期望研究综述

近些年,国外的心理学与教育学研究者对教师期望现象进行了大量的研究,并取得了一定的成果。本文重点介绍了教师期望的发展阶段、理论模型和研究内容,并提出未来的发展方向,旨在人们更为全面地了解教师期望的发展现状与前景。     

心理咨询新模式:聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询

“聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询”是一种新兴的心理咨询模式,它因其正向思考、省时省力等优点迅速在世界范围内崛起,并被广泛应用在不同的咨询情境中。文章在对聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询简介的基础上,介绍了其产生背景,指出了该模式的应用领域,并对其作了简要评价。     

《孙膑兵法》的流传、失传及研究价值初探

本文通过考察《孙膑兵法》的流传情况、分析其失传原因,认为《孙膑兵法》的根本价值在于对《孙子兵法》的诠释,同时,对佚而复出的古书源流研究提出新的思考。     

肿瘤具有两面性吗

对于患者本身而言,肿瘤往往具有极大的危害性。但是正如砒霜,这昔日毒物品的代表,其提取物三氧化二砷已成功地用来治疗白血病,显示了大自然的一个规律－事物是具有两两性的。那私肿瘤,在其严重影响人类健康的同时,是否也具有可被加以利用的一面呢？初步探讨了这种可能性,并探讨了其应用前景、可能的一些应用领域及注意事项。     

The process of transition to the symbiotic societal enterprise: The transnational enterprise

This paper discusses the evolution of the Transnational Enterprise by describing its problematique, incentives for and resistance to change, its mission and legitimacy, and steps in its transition process.     

圆佛教基本教理浅析

圆佛教基本教理浅析柳雪峰ＡｎＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅＤｏｃｔｒｉｎｅｓｏｆＷｏｎＢｕｋｙｏ￥ＬｉｕＸｕｅｆｅｎｇＷｏｎＢｕｋｙｏｉｓａｎｅｗｌｙｅｍｅｒｇｅｎｔｒｅｌｉｇｉｏｎｉｎＫｏｒｅａｎＲｅｐｕｂｌｉｃ．Ｉｔｈａｓｗｅｌｌａｄａｐｔｅｄｉｔ－...     

关于理论心理学的几个问题

本文探讨三个问题,即理论心理学的基本涵义、主要内容与重要意义.认为理论心理学是研究心理基本理论与实际理论的一门高层次心理学,其内容包含基本理论与实际理论两方面的问题,其研究意义在于融合、辨别、构建、发挥、预测与指导.