唐志勤禅师生平考

志勤禅师是晚唐禅宗名僧，佛教史籍对其生平的记载互有出入。本文通过考证，认为志勤的俗籍是福州长溪(今福建霞浦)，法号“源寂”；师承灵皊，开悟于湖南沩山，《联灯会要》、《五灯会元》将志勤禅师列入大安禅师法嗣之列以及有关志勤禅师的机缘语句方面的记载是后人篡改的。志勤禅师至迟于大中六年之前就返回闽中，咸通初年开创闽县灵云山，乾符元年开创仙茅院(属唐闽县与连江县地)，乾符五年开创连江县东灵应院，志勤禅师住东灵应院达20年之久，约于光化年间(898～900年)外出云游，卒于外地。     

男性吸毒者吸毒行为与人格、自尊和社会支持的关系研究

本文探讨了个体心理变量(人格特质、自尊)和环境变量(社会支持、生活状况)对男性吸毒者吸毒行为的影响。结果表明:(1)男性吸毒者的人格特质、自尊、社会支持、生活状况与吸毒行为存在部分相关;(2)回归分析表明人格特质、自尊和社会支持都影响吸毒行为,人格特质又影响社会支持,社会支持影响自尊;(3)路径分析证明,人格特质→社会支持→自尊→吸毒行为的假设关系成立。     

小学生学习障碍与学习动机、学习能力的相关研究

本研究采用中小学生团体智力筛选测验和LD行为量表从332名小学三、五年级儿童中筛选出50名小学LD儿童,检出率为15.06%,并对其进行学习动机诊断测验(MAAT)和提高学习能力因素诊断测验(FAT),以探讨小学儿童学习障碍的可能成因。结果表明:(1)60%的小学LD儿童表现为理解能力不足;(2)在MAAT与FAT各因素中,对小学LD儿童基本学习能力影响最重要的因素是在校学习方法、心理健康、身体健康、自己责任性、FAT总分,其次是考试焦虑-回避失败动机、在家学习方法、成功动机及其技能场面。可以认为影响小学LD儿童的主要因素是学习方法、学习动机和身心健康。     

Reflections on Contemporary Psychotherapy Practice, Research, and Training

We do not lack for criticism about psychotherapy practice, research, and training. Admittedly, there is much there that needs to change. But, thus far, what have we done right? What are some of the positive, affirming, constructive strides that have been made with regard to therapy practice, research, and training? In this paper, those questions are addressed. Ten broad-based themes about some aspects of psychotherapy are presented and discussed; while by no means exhaustive, each is considered to be quite robust and clearly reflective of some of the truly constructive facets now evident in the field.     

Editorial: Evidence on Questionable Research Practices: The Good,the Bad,and the Ugly

Purpose

Questionable research or reporting practices (QRPs) contribute to a growing concern regarding the credibility of research in the organizational sciences and related fields. Such practices include design, analytic, or reporting practices that may introduce biased evidence, which can have harmful implications for evidence-based practice, theory development, and perceptions of the rigor of science.

Design/Methodology/Approach

To assess the extent to which QRPs are actually a concern, we conducted a systematic review to consider the evidence on QRPs. Using a triangulation approach (e.g., by reviewing data from observations, sensitivity analyses, and surveys), we identified the good, the bad, and the ugly.

Findings

Of the 64 studies that fit our criteria, 6 appeared to find little to no evidence of engagement in QRPs and the other 58 found more severe evidence (91 %).

Implications

Drawing upon the findings, we provide recommendations for future research related to publication practices and academic training.

Originality/value

We report findings from studies that suggest that QRPs are not a problem, that QRPs are used at a suboptimal rate, and that QRPs present a threat to the viability of organizational science research.

     

Science, Democracy, and the Right to Research

Debates over the politicization of science have led some to claim that scientists have or should have a “right to research.” This article examines the political meaning and implications of the right to research with respect to different historical conceptions of rights. The more common “liberal” view sees rights as protections against social and political interference. The “republican” view, in contrast, conceives rights as claims to civic membership. Building on the republican view of rights, this article conceives the right to research as embedding science more firmly and explicitly within society, rather than sheltering science from society. From this perspective, all citizens should enjoy a general right to free inquiry, but this right to inquiry does not necessarily encompass all scientific research. Because rights are most reliably protected when embedded within democratic culture and institutions, claims for a right to research should be considered in light of how the research in question contributes to democracy. By putting both research and rights in a social context, this article shows that the claim for a right to research is best understood, not as a guarantee for public support of science, but as a way to initiate public deliberation and debate about which sorts of inquiry deserve public support.     

害羞的界定和测量与研究方法述评

从害羞的界定、已有评估工具的性质及研究方法等方面进行综述,并对目前害羞研究的新进展展开讨论,最后探讨当今研究中存在的问题和今后努力的方向.     

多重情绪智力量表(MEIS)的信度、结构效度及应用评价研究

对多重情绪智力量表（MEIS）的信度和结构效度进行了实证检验,结果发现,MEIS的内部一致性信度（a）系数偏低,各分量表的分半信度系数很低;MEIS总量表的结构效度明显不足,对七个分量表的因素分析结果显示,每个维度对总量表的贡献率很低;无法满足Mayer和Salovey情绪智力4维度理论框架。对4个维度逐一进行二阶因素分析结果均揭示,MEIS明显缺乏每个维度所设定的4因素的结构效度,项目效率明显不足,因此,MEIS尚不具备有效测量情绪智力的功能。     

自尊、防御机制与流浪儿童偏差行为的关系研究

本研究以北京、上海两地救助机构的41名流浪儿童为对象,通过半结构访谈、问卷调查等研究方法,对流浪儿童的心理特征和行为表现进行了深人研究和探讨.结果显示:(1)流浪时问对中间型防御机制有显著影响;性别对流浪儿童所采取的防御机制类型有显著影响.(2)流浪生活(流浪原因、是否有教唆者或加入特定组织、流浪次数等)对偏差行为有重要影响.(3)自尊缓冲不成熟防御机制对偏差行为的负向关系.     

临床医生医护合作态度及影响因素的研究

良好的医护合作态度是医生开展医疗活动的基础,同时对建立和谐的医护关系有重要意义.通过对辽宁省6所三级甲等医院的933名临床医生进行问卷调查,了解临床医生医护合作态度的现状,揭示职称、工作年限、是否参加过医护合作有关课程的学习以及对目前工作环境的满意度是影响临床医生对医护合作态度的主要因素.     

伦理,胚胎和干细胞研究

道德是关于规则、直觉、理解和观点的一个复杂系统。而后者影响着我们相互间处理事务的方式。它们交叉地渗入我们的道德思考。这种思维与胚胎、干细胞的伦理密切相关,因为胚胎和干细胞涉及我们对与治疗和移植组织有关的人的生命及其启始问题。就像在许多对待生命及其可以阐释的研究方法方面,要有一个道德的思辩历程一样,解决这些问题,部分地需要讨论,部分地需要回答。只有在我们认定这种讨论能够融入应用干细胞治疗的胚胎及其类源和人体组织的使用中时,我们才会清楚,大多数人体不同部位的干细胞应用是经过了对人的生命启始、我们儿童、家庭进行了思考。     

伦理,胚胎和干细胞研究

道德是关于规则、直觉、理解和观点的一个复杂系统.而后者影响着我们相互间处理事务的方式.它们交叉地渗入我们的道德思考.这种思维与胚胎、干细胞的伦理密切相关,因为胚胎和干细胞涉及我们对与治疗和移植组织有关的人的生命及其启始问题.就像在许多对待生命及其可以阐释的研究方法方面,要有一个道德的思辩历程一样,解决这些问题,部分地需要讨论,部分地需要回答.只有在我们认定这种讨论能够融入应用干细胞治疗的胚胎及其类源和人体组织的使用中时,我们才会清楚,大多数人体不同部位的干细胞应用是经过了对人的生命启始、我们儿童、家庭进行了思考.     

领导—成员关系、组织支持感、心理授权与情感承诺的关系研究

领导在组织中发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究探讨LMX对员工组织情感承诺的影响。引入心理授权作为中介变量,组织支持感作为调节变量。对于四个企业的423名员工进行问卷调查,运用相关、回归等统计方法对数据进行分析。结果显示:心理授权对于LMX影响情感承诺的中介作用显著,POS对于LMX影响情感承诺的调节作用不显著。领导作为组织与员工的纽带,对于增加员工对组织的情感依赖有着重要的作用。     

Embodied Methodologies,Participation, and the Art of Research

In this article, I make the case for scholarship potential at the overlap of art and research. Using the case of the psychological study of adolescence, I show that in order to produce findings of meaning from a critical psychological perspective, it is imperative to consider methodology and epistemology. With a focus on artistic embodied methodologies within participatory action research projects on adolescence, I explore how creative approaches can be an analytic process for knowledge production in the critical social sciences. I argue that the artistic approaches employed using embodied methodologies can be considered as a way to make meaning and that especially within participatory research, these approaches can strengthen validity. In response to the epistemological violence (Teo, 2010) of some conventional social psychological studies, participatory artistic embodied methodologies contribute to building liberatory knowledge and rigorous science.