The Houston Conference: The Road More Traveled

Neuropsychology Review -     

The Houston Conference: The Need for More Discussion

Neuropsychology Review -     

Houston Conference: Need for More Fundamental Knowledge in Neuropsychology

Two training models in neuropsychology have been recently proposed (Guidelines of the INS-Division 40 Task Force on Education, Accreditation, and Credentialing, Clin. Neuropsychol. 1: 29–34, 1987; Hannay, H. J. et al., Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 13: 157–250, 1998). When comparing both educational models, similarities but also differences are found. According to the Houston Conference model—but not to the former model—neuropsychology represents a specialty of psychology. In the Houston Conference training model, applied knowledge is overtly emphasized, whereas fundamental or basic knowledge in neuropsychology appears weak. The proposed program does not seem to provide sufficient emphasis and background knowledge in (1) History of neuropsychology, (2) Neuropsychological syndromes, and (3) Neuropsychology theory.     

Commentary on Meehl

The classic article by Meehl (1978) raises fundamental issues regarding the viability of theorizing in the “soft” psychological sciences and the weakness of statistical significance testing in appraising the validity of the field’s theories. These concerns are as valid today as they were a quarter of a century ago. Despite the lack of clear progress that has been made in terms of theory building, I raise several examples from developmental psychopathology research that reveal progress in the field’s conceptual and methodologic rigor, including the testing of genotype by environment interactions, the statistical advances driving longitudinal research, and the use of intervention and prevention trials to address questions of etiology and mechanisms related to psychopathology.     

真之收缩论述评

真之收缩论是关于“真的收缩处理的理论”,其目的在于降低对传统真理论的高期望,主要包括冗余论、代语句理论、极小主义理论等。它们的共同点在于认为真是没有本质的,但在对真的具体解释上则存在不同的角度和方法。收缩论者并非认为“真的”这一谓词不重要,只是,他们对“真的”的理解更注重逻辑和形式的色彩。     

第八届逻辑与认知国际会议报道

由中山大学逻辑与认知研究所主办的逻辑与认知国际研讨会自2001年开始每年举办一次,内容涉及逻辑学、计算机科学、数学、认知科学和哲学,共同的目的在于发展中国的逻辑学研究及促进中国与国外逻辑学家的交流与合作。第八届逻辑与认知国际研讨会于2009年11月2日至4日在广州举行,由中山大学逻辑与认知研究所与澳大利亚墨尔本大学哲学系联合主办。本次会议邀请了来自澳大利亚、新西兰、日本、印度、中国香港、中国台湾和中国大陆的学者。会议录用了13篇论文作为发言稿,其中5篇特邀发言分别来自Edwin Mares、Greg Restall、Hiroakira Ono、Mark Reynoldsand、Mihir Chakraborty。会议内容涵盖了证明论、逻辑与代数、博弈论、语言学和哲学逻辑。例如Greg Restall的论文从确证与否证的角度来理解证明,并且考察这样的观点如何影响对证明结构及证明论的理解。在逻辑与代数的主题上,Hiroakira Ono教授着眼于在保持无穷交并下的代数完全性。哲学逻辑方面的论文有时态逻辑、信念逻辑、动态逻辑、条件句逻辑、模糊逻辑等。博弈论方面有对偏逻辑的博弈语义的考察。另外还有对论证理论的形式模型探讨。会议受到了与会者的高度肯定,为加强亚太地区逻辑学的交流与合作提供了一个很好的平台。会议主委会包括鞠实儿教授、Greg Restall、Hiroakira Ono和Mihir Chakraborty教授一致认为这样的合作与交流应该继续深入下去。期待在不久的将来可以建立起所谓的亚太逻辑研究圈,从而更好地推进逻辑学在亚太地区的发展。     

Commentary on Malevolent Creativity

In Malevolent creativity: A functional model of creativity in terrorism and crime, Cropley, Kaufman, and Cropley (this issue) insightfully highlight two important aspects of the creative process. First, although it may not be popular nor initially obvious to discuss negatively applied, malevolent creativity, or terrorism/crime as potentially creative acts, it is certainly to our detriment not to if we truly seek to understand the full-spectrum under which the creative process operates. The second issue examined is the process by which a creative product's novelty declines with the passing of time. Each are briefly discussed.     

Commentary on Jansen's Paper

Karl Jansen raises a fundamental and exciting question: Is humankind's consciousness the result of neuronal function, or are there extra-cerebral aspects as well? While his neurotransmitter model of near-death experiences (NDEs) is well described, I find his supporting evidence weak. Methodological differences between studies of ketamine hallucinations and near-death experiences (NDEs) raise doubts about how similar those experiences are phenomenologically. While Jansen's model has electrifying implications, the data required to support his conclusions do not yet exist.     

工作场所攻击行为的研究述评

目前,工作场所攻击行为和暴力行为的发生越来越多,这种现象在职业健康领域逐渐成为一个重要的问题。论文介绍了工作场所攻击行为的概念和类型;分析了工作场所攻击行为与相关概念的界定、测量和研究方法;分析引起工作场所攻击行为的两方面原因,即情境或组织因素和个人特征方面的原因;探讨了工作场所攻击行为的预防和今后研究的方向。     

中国哲学史百年述评与展望

中国哲学史源远流长。几千年来 ,它在世界哲学史中代表着中国哲学的特殊系统 ,一直凝聚着中华民族的思想智慧 ,体现了中华民族的精神特征。自 2 0世纪初开始 ,中国哲学史逐渐从传统的经学史和子学史中分化出来 ,成为一门相对独立的学科 ,凸显出中国哲学史的特殊对象和特殊性质。百年来 ,中国哲学史伴随中国社会和中国文化的风风雨雨 ,走过了一条曲折的道路 ,但它始终在中国人文社会科学中扮演着极其重要的角色 ,始终有一支埋头钻研、坚持不懈的学术队伍 ,并取得了巨大的成绩。在海外 ,中国哲学史曾遭受过一些西方哲学家的鄙视 ,但时过境迁 ,…