近代哲学向现代哲学转向的内在逻辑

德国古典哲学终结之后,哲学转向现代形态。“知识形而上学”是近代哲学转向现代哲学的逻辑主线。近代知识论企图为“知识”建立一个绝对可靠的基础,现代分析哲学、诠释学虽然否定了知识论的这种妄想,但他们仍企图通过语言和诠释为知识找寻一种深层的根据;存在主义、法兰克福学派和后现代主义则在知识异化形态下引发了对人的存在及其意义的追问,其实质是追问知识的价值问题。这一逻辑转换召示了哲学对科学知识更全面、更合理地把握和理解,召示了哲学向时代敞开。     

Combinatory Logic and the Semantics of Substructural Logics

The results of this paper extend some of the intimate relations that are known to obtain between combinatory logic and certain substructural logics to establish a general characterization theorem that applies to a very broad family of such logics. In particular, I demonstrate that, for every combinator X, if LX is the logic that results by adding the set of types assigned to X (in an appropriate type assignment system, TAS) as axioms to the basic positive relevant logic B∘T, then LX is sound and complete with respect to the class of frames in the Routley-Meyer relational semantics for relevant and substructural logics that meet a first-order condition that corresponds in a very direct way to the structure of the combinator X itself. Presented by Rob Goldblatt     

Logic and Philosophy of Logic in Wittgenstein

This essay discusses Wittgenstein's conception of logic, early and late, and some of the types of logical system that he constructed. The essay shows that the common view according to which Wittgenstein had stopped engaging in logic as a philosophical discipline by the time of writing Philosophical Investigations is mistaken. It is argued that, on the contrary, logic continued to figure at the very heart of later Wittgenstein's philosophy; and that Wittgenstein's mature philosophy of logic contains many interesting thoughts that have gone widely unnoticed.     

Book Review: On Second Thought And Other Essays in the History of Medicine and Science

Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics -     

关于当代中国哲学史学史的若干思考

所谓当代中国(以下的论述内容不包括台港澳地区)哲学史学史,是把1949年至1999年50年间的中国哲学史研究作为对象,从历史批评意识出发进行整体反思,分析其得失,厘定其价值,评判其贡献,超越其局限,推进其发展的一门学科.[1]     

The Logic of Chastity: Women,Sex, and the History of Philosophy in the Early Modern Period

Before women could become visible as philosophers, they had first to become visible as rational autonomous thinkers. A social and ethical position holding that chastity was the most important virtue for women, and that rationality and chastity were incompatible, was a significant impediment to accepting women's capacity for philosophical thought. Thus one of the first tasks for women was to confront this belief and argue for their rationality in the face of a self‐referential dilemma.     

Formal Methods in the Philosophy of Science

In this article, we reflect on the use of formal methods in the philosophy of science. These are taken to comprise not just methods from logic broadly conceived, but also from other formal disciplines such as probability theory, game theory, and graph theory. We explain how formal modelling in the philosophy of science can shed light on difficult problems in this domain.     

A Theory of Hypermodal Logics: Mode Shifting in Modal Logic

A hypermodality is a connective whose meaning depends on where in the formula it occurs. The paper motivates the notion and shows that hypermodal logics are much more expressive than traditional modal logics. In fact we show that logics with very simple K hypermodalities are not complete for any neighbourhood frames.     

中医健康养生思想审视:历史和逻辑统一的维度

中医健康养生思想是中国优秀传统文化理念应用于中华民族健康养生实践的产物。基于历史和逻辑统一的视角对中医健康养生思想进行审视,可以发现中医健康养生思想的发生发展不仅与中国传统文化存在本质联系,而且具有自身内在的建构逻辑。梳理了中医健康养生思想发展的基本脉络,总结了中医健康养生思想演变的内在逻辑,探索了中医健康养生思想实现当代价值转型的基本路径。指出未来中医健康养生思想的发展不仅需要传承精华,更需要创新发展,唯有此才能推动中医健康养生走出一条真正的特色与优势之路。     

实践的逻辑与哲学终结论的困境

以实践是一种具体、历史的现实生活为基础,把马克思意义上的哲学终结论解释为以具体、历史的分析取代抽象、超历史的形而上分析这种愈来愈被认可的说法,由于马克思仍然把需要、经济、理性、发展视为一般性、永恒性的东西,而需要重思。实际上,马克思在反旧形而上学之路上前进的距离不能过高估计。对实践的自悖性估计过低是马克思未能继续前进的根源。同时,在马克思主义理论中反对过分的专门化富有意义,但把哲学终结于社会批判理论中的马尔库塞式见解也会造成某种漠视。     

Philosophy,Early Modern Intellectual History,and the History of Philosophy

Historians of philosophy are increasingly likely to emphasize the extent to which their work offers a pay‐off for philosophers of un‐historical or anti‐historical inclinations; but this defence is less familiar, and often seems less than self‐evident, to intellectual historians. This article examines this tendency, arguing that such arguments for the instrumental value of historical scholarship in philosophy are often more problematic than they at first appear. Using the relatively familiar case study of René Descartes' reading of his scholastic and Aristotelian contemporaries, the article attempts to problematize this notion of pay‐off from an historian's perspective.     

历史向世界历史转化的哲学回应——马克思世界历史理论的中国个案

马克思世界历史理论深刻揭示了历史向世界历史转化的实际进程、总体背景和基本规律,为我们提供了考察和研究世界历史时代的哲学变革所应当依据的一个基本的解释框架。用马克思世界历史理论作为深入解读、研究中国近代哲学的哲学范式和解释框架,把中国近代哲学的演进过程作为历史向世界历史转化之哲学回应的一个典型案例,不仅有助于马克思世界历史理论研究的深化,而且也是深入考察中国近代哲学的一个独特而有益的视角。     

实践的逻辑:从哲学到社会理论

改革开放以来 2 0年的马克思主义哲学研究 ,首先是围绕实践概念展开的 ,而重新解读马克思实践概念的时代背景 ,就是现代化的社会实践运动。可以说 ,对马克思实践概念的重新解读和对中国社会状况的体认是同步展开的 :1 978年关于“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的大讨论使实践范畴成为马克思主义哲学认识论的核心概念 ,社会生活而非经典理论成为判断历史进步的试金石。与之相应 ,以发展生产力为核心的经济建设取代阶级斗争成为社会生活的主潮。 80年代初围绕异化和人道主义展开的讨论则将实践理论研究进一步引入社会历史领域 ,实践的历史观意义…