Assessment in Career Guidance: Toward Truly Developmental Counseling

The model of assessment in educational and vocational counseling is the “matching model.” It inhibits developmental counseling. A stage-theory model is proposed instead and is case illustrated.     

The Inter-Domain Model of Career Assessment and Counseling

In this article the author presents a summary of the Inter-Domain Model applied to career assessment and counseling (Lowman, 1991), which formally encompasses three major categories of variables: occupational interests, abilities, and personality characteristics. The requirements of a theory of career assessment are reviewed and the major components of the Inter-Domain model discussed.     

Using Microcomputer-Based Assessment in Career Counseling

The author provides an overview of the current status of microcomputer-based testing, reviews several testing applications available in microcomputer format, and offers ideas on future developments.     

A Model for Individual Career Counseling

The focus of the article is on a visual model for individual career counseling. The model takes into account psychological, social, and economic factors and describes decision making as a journey with four discernible stages.     

A Developmental Model For Counseling Groups

Students taking a course in Group Guidance participated in group counseling as an adjunct experience to the course. The counseling sessions were tape recorded and later analyzed according to an affect-topic classification. This paper presents a theoretical discussion of the development of one of the counseling groups, and the results of the analysis of the recorded group sessions.     

Campus Career Guidance: Assessment and a Model

This article reports a model for assessment of the needs and resources for career guidance on the college campus and the results of one such assessment. Students' need for career guidance was assessed by opinion polls on campus. Resources available on campus were assessed by structured interviews with all department chairpersons and deans. Graduates' views of the usefulness of college education as career preparation were obtained through mailed questionnaires. Results indicate that (a) family and personal friends have the greatest influence on career choice, (b) university departments supply very limited resources for aid in career choice, and (c) most graduates view their college major as a necessary or desirable prerequisite for their current employment. Recommendations are made for action that counseling centers, college divisions, and departments can take to improve career guidance resources on campus.     

A Career Counseling Diagnostic Model: How to Assess and Counsel Career-Concerned Clients

This article provides a practical and proven diagnostic system that can be used by career counselors to assess and counsel their clients.     

The Multidimensional Assessment of Career Decision Problems: The Career Decision Diagnostic Assessment

The multidimensional assessment of career decision problems as measured by the Career Decision Diagnostic Assessment (CDDA; Bansberg & Sklare, 1986) is described, and the CDDA is evaluated for reliability, validity, and factor structure with a sample of 844 students from three universities. Results supported the reliability and validity of the CDDA as a measure of psychological blocks to career decision making. Preliminary normative scores for university students are presented. Recommendations for improving the CDDA and for using the CDDA in career counseling are discussed.     

Career Counseling With Couples

As an outgrowth of the developmental and systemic trends characterizing career counseling in recent years, the role of the family has been highlighted. Nonetheless, inadequate attention has been given to incorporating family members in the career counseling setting with adult clients. This article explores a career counseling paradigm that takes into account the couple dynamics active in the adult's career choice process. Unique elements of the conjoint model, such as couple career assessment, along with directions for further study, are offered.     

The Career Concept Scale: An Assessment of Career Judgment

An assessment scale of career concepts found to be reliably related with vocational sophistication is developed. With the renewed emphasis in CETA programs for youth-employment counseling efforts, the relative prevocational maturity of those seeking our services can be an element in deriving baseline data from which the efficacy of vocational counseling services can be judged.     

Combining Counseling and Career Services: Conflicts and Choices

This article describes some of the administrative issues in merging counseling and career services in institutions of higher education. Discussion focuses on the major kinds of problems that can be anticipated and the eventual choices that administrators must make.     

The Dual Career Couple: Concerns,Benefits, and Counseling Implications

A comprehensive conceptualization of concerns and benefits experienced by dual career couples is presented. Counseling implications are provided to address the concerns. Counselors are asked to expand their roles to help couples challenge unquestioned societal values and practices and uniquely define their own standards for success in career and family roles.     

Career Counseling and Reality Therapy: A Conceptual Flowchart

Reality therapy is a cognitive behavioral approach but has not been developed for, nor associated with, career counseling. This article discusses the role of reality therapy in career counseling, with the aid of a flowchart model to present the particulars of the system.     

Constructive Development and Career Transition: Implications for Counseling

The ability to effectively manage career transition may be related to an individual's meaning-making framework, or constructive development. The implications of constructive developmental theory for career choice and implementation are explored. The interplay between career transition and developmental transformation is examined, and counseling strategies for assisting such transformation are proposed. Case illustrations are offered.     

The Genogram as a Tool in Career Counseling

A genogram is a three-generational graphic representation of a client's family of origin. The author depicts a sample genogram and outlines a three-part approach for use of a genogram in career counseling. Several possible uses are suggested.