《周易》卦序二题

卦序问题是《周易》象数学的主要问题之一。孔颖达明确提出《周易》经文六十四卦次序以“二二相耦,非覆即变”为基本原则。这一原则直接推动了《周易》上下经卦数不均问题和“观象系辞”问题的研究。上下经互变之卦的数量不均,是导致上下经总卦数不等的直接原因,而之所以如此安排又有其特殊之用意。诸卦“非覆即变”之象是作《易》者名卦和系辞的重要原则,因而较之于马王堆帛书《周易》卦序,传世本《周易》卦序应当是更为原始的卦序。《周易》经文卦序从整体架构到具体组合排布都有一定规则在其中。     

《序卦》卦序中的阴阳平衡互补与变通配四时思想

《周易》的基本思想是讲“生生之易”,而一切生命与变化归根到底来源于天地日月的运行与四时的变化,因而《周易》的核心思想在于阐述天地日月的运行与四时的变化以及人如何效法、因循天地日月的运行与四时变化而成德广业、开物成务。本文认为,《序卦》卦序正是以这一思想作为“易简”原则构造出来的一个象数体系,因而,《序卦》卦序体现了《周易》的核心思想,具有相当重要的地位,值得我们深入研究。而且,《序卦》卦序这种以一定思想作为“易简”原则构造出来的象数体系,是一种古老而又独特的形式化的体系,对于我们今天构造形式化的辩证逻辑体系具有重要的启发意义。     

论王夫之“乾坤并建”视域下的易卦序思想CSSCI

"乾坤并建"说是王夫之易学之纲宗。"乾坤并建"即阴阳并建,阴阳不相胜、不相离,乾坤两卦合撰为阴阳之全体。十二位阴阳虽同时并存,但有隐显之分,并不能全体呈现,而是表现为一屈一伸、一隐一显的交互运动,当下所呈现之六位阴阳亦有上下往来之变化,这即是阴阳错综变化。乾坤两卦为阴阳之至足,是错综变化之体;六十二卦皆由十二位阴阳错综变化而成,是乾坤两卦的具体展开。立足于"乾坤并建"与"错综合一",王夫之对《序卦传》相因、相成、相反三说进行了批判,认为其非圣人所作,而《杂卦传》之文以错综相比为序,方是《周易》之本然次第。     

今本《周易》卦序排列数学规律新探

今本《周易》六十四卦卦序是依据什么道理排列出来的,迄今仍然没有一个完美的解答。本文尝试把卦序问题作为一个数学问题去考虑,探讨卦序的制作者所依据的数学思想与技巧。《六十四卦错综图》是我们研究序卦最重要的参考图,并指出十对三明三阳卦在序卦排列中起着骨架作用．无论是十对三明三阳卦,还是围绕这十对卦左右的其它卦,其排列在序数配置、卦区划分和爻画布排等诸多方面都蕴含着丰富的数学内容,充分反映了序卦的制作者运用数学技巧的娴熟技艺和精妙构想。     

今本《周易》六十四卦卦序的基本骨架

文章以前人的研究成果为基础,结合《周易》经传与古易,从象数的角度,对今本《周易》六十四卦卦序所体现的主卦统属卦思想,作了一更为完备的阐述。     

《序卦》研究辨析

本文就唐宋以来对通行本《序卦》的义理与象数两个方面的研究进行了综述,对各种研究的结果进行了考辨。并在前人研究的基础上提出了个人的看法,指出似乎从当时《易经》成书及揲蓍变卦等方面考虑《序卦》之卦序安排,则可能会得到令人信服的结果。     

析其数之理,赏其序之美--今本《周易》卦序排列数学规律再探

今本《周易》卦序是一篇精美绝伦的古典作品,其思想之深刻耐人寻味,其数理之精妙绝无仅有,其设计之完美令人叹为观止。《序卦》卦序的排列蕴含多重数理原则,本文将对一阴五阳卦分布律、二阳四阴卦分布律、三阴三阳卦分布律进行更精密地刻画以期对其认识更臻完善。而十二辟卦分布律、上经十八卦容斥律和下经十八卦容斥律的发现,更使我们有理由相信,《序卦》卦序是古人高超的数学才华的集中体现,是一件隐身数千年的数学极品。     

西汉孟喜改列卦序中的哲学思想

孟喜为西汉象数易的创建人,其易学后人称之为“卦气”。卦气乃结合“学”与“术”成一结构庞大的思想体系。就学而言,乃承受先秦伏、文、孔三圣的易学精神;就术而言,乃用于当时流行的占断灾异、吉凶及祸福。然而后世易学界受儒学重经思想的影响,多轻视象数,以“术家”视孟喜。作者兹特提出孟氏卦气中对于六十四卦卦序之排列。并详作象敷之解析,以见孟氏易学实具有学术思想之价值。     

论王夫之“乾坤并建”视域下的易卦序思想

"乾坤并建"说是王夫之易学之纲宗。"乾坤并建"即阴阳并建,阴阳不相胜、不相离,乾坤两卦合撰为阴阳之全体。十二位阴阳虽同时并存,但有隐显之分,并不能全体呈现,而是表现为一屈一伸、一隐一显的交互运动,当下所呈现之六位阴阳亦有上下往来之变化,这即是阴阳错综变化。乾坤两卦为阴阳之至足,是错综变化之体;六十二卦皆由十二位阴阳错综变化而成,是乾坤两卦的具体展开。立足于"乾坤并建"与"错综合一",王夫之对《序卦传》相因、相成、相反三说进行了批判,认为其非圣人所作,而《杂卦传》之文以错综相比为序,方是《周易》之本然次第。     

《杂卦》卦序新论

《易传·杂卦》是一首名副其实的杂爻成卦讲义歌,其卦序的排列是有规律可循的,它主要是按照“一爻变”连成法,结合“中爻变”自然得到的各组错综卦之间的卦象义相互比较而串连成序的。在今传七种易卦序中,《杂卦》卦序是较为原始的一种。     

The effect of continuous, intermittent, and "placebo" reinforcement on the effectiveness of the conditioning treatment for enuresis nocturna

It has been suggested that intermittent reinforcement may be of value in reducing the rate of relapse in bedwetting conditioning therapy. An experiment was conducted with 30 enuretic boys to examine acquisition and extinction parameters of continuous (100%), intermittent (70% variable ratio), and “placebo” (0%) reinforcement schedules. Reinforced trials were administered as in the typical Mowrer conditioning procedure. Non-reinforced trials were achieved by means of a time delay with the subsequent alarm being activated in the parent's room rather than in the child's room. These procedures required the development of a new conditioning device which could be programmed to automatically administer the desired schedule of reinforcement. The results of the field investigation revealed that continuous reinforcement (CR) and intermittent reinforcement (IR) groups attained acquisition in approximately the same number of trials and with essentially the same success rate. Relapse rate was significantly greater in the CR group than in the IR group. The placebo group showed no improvement over the 6 weeks of treatment. The results of this study may be interpreted as supporting the tenet that relapse can be viewed and treated as an extinction of the acquired response.     

Freedom in responsibility: on the relevance of "sin" as a hermeneutic guiding principle in bioethical decision making.

This essay deals with questions of responsibility concerning technology, in particular, gene technology and the special problem of research on embryos. I raise issues concerning the extent of humans' authority to act and the limits of human freedom. In what way is that freedom given, and what kind of responsibility results from it? By discussing various concepts of human freedom in the tradition of European philosophy, as juxtaposed to the Protestant understanding of freedom, this essay discusses the restricting limits, and the obligation to take responsibility. It will turn out that the question concerning freedom cannot be answered without understanding what being human involves. From a Christian perspective, this implies that the foundational relationship between human freedom and sin will be central to an assessment of the human ability to take responsibility. By obliterating the limits of human freedom, sin jeopardizes the very essence of that freedom. The project of taking into account the sinful state of the human condition thus aims at developing a realistic picture of the authority of humans in action, even in view of the human tasks of promoting science and research.     

论《易传》中的"道"

<易传>所谓"道",其存在形式为"形而上",其内在规定性为"阴阳",其主要功能为"变"与"生"."形而上",指<周易>古经中的卦爻画所蕴含的阴阳变易法则.<易传>透过卦爻符号的独特结构形式,将这一变易法则"演绎"为天地人三才统一的宇宙图式,同时又借助于这一符号系统,彰显出"生生不息"的宇宙本质.     

闽东"咸水"妈祖与"淡水"妈祖——以霞浦沿海渔村和福安沿江集市为例

本文以福建省霞浦沿海渔村和福安沿江集市的妈祖婆信仰为例,比较二者在鼎建宫庙、信仰人群、置办庙产、祭祀活动等方面的异同,探讨了闽东咸水区与淡水区妈祖信仰的地方性特征,以及妈祖信仰从闽东咸水区传播到淡水区的过程。     

The "what" and "where" of object representations in infancy

Four-month-olds' memory for surface feature and location information was tested following brief occlusions. When the target objects were images of female faces or monochromatic asterisks infants showed increased looking times following a change in identity or color but not following a change in location or combinations of feature and location information. When the target objects were images of manipulable toys, the infants showed increased looking times following a change in location but not identity or the binding of location and identity information. This evidence is consistent with the idea that young infants are unable to maintain the information processed separately in both the dorsal and ventral visual streams during occlusions. Our results suggest that it is the target's affordance for action that determines whether the dorsal or ventral information is selectively maintained during occlusion.     

论郭店楚简"情"的内涵

通过对郭店楚简《性自命出》等篇中的“情”义内涵的分析,本文认为其中的“情”仍然是“真实”,而不是“情感”之义。“情”在不同语境中虽有多种分析的涵义,但它们之间是统一的,皆根源于性情论之“情”。这为我们重构性情论的真实内容打下了坚实的基础。从“未发”和“已发”而言。“性”与“情”二者在郭店楚简中并不具备相互对应的特性,这与宋儒的性情论并不相同。从先秦到宋明的性情论,朱熹等人利用先秦儒家的相关文献作了创造性的转化;而Chad Hansen和A．C．Graham对中国早期文献中的“情”字义的某些观点,是值得批评的。     

自然主义伦理学中的"善"

自然主义伦理学是一个有着多种理解的词语,尤其是对"善"的理解,不同的理论家对自然主义以及自然主义的"善,,提出了不同的理解.本文通过澄清伦理学中的自然主义者所理解的"善"的概念,说明自然主义者所说的"善,,在何种意义上并不是非自然主义者批评的那种理论,以及自然主义者和非自然主义者之间的异同.