共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Aaron J. Kaat Kenneth D. Gadow Luc Lecavalier 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2013,41(6):959-969
The general aim of this study was to examine the relation of psychiatric symptom-induced impairment with other common parameters of mental health in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Prevalence rates are used to illustrate the implications of different criteria for caseness. Parents/teachers completed DSM-IV-referenced rating scales for 6–12 year old children with ASD (N?=?115), the majority of whom were boys (86 %). Most children were rated by parents (81 %) or teachers (86 %) as being socially or academically impaired by symptoms of at least one psychiatric disorder. The most common impairing conditions (parent/teacher) were attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (67 %/71 %), oppositional defiant disorder (35 %/33 %), and anxiety disorder (47 %/34 %), and the combined rates based on either informant were generally much higher. Agreement between symptom cutoff and impairment cutoff was acceptable for most disorders. A larger percentage of youth were impaired by psychiatric symptoms than met symptom cutoff criteria, and the discrepancy between impairment cutoff and clinical cutoff (impairment cutoff plus symptom cutoff) was even greater. Impairment was moderately to highly correlated with both number and severity of symptoms. Parents’ and teachers’ ratings indicated little agreement as to whether a child was impaired. Findings for youth with ASD were similar to non ASD child psychiatry outpatient referrals, but clearly different in several ways from comparable studies of community-based samples. 相似文献
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Francisca J. A. van Steensel Susan M. Bögels Esther I. de Bruin 《Journal of child and family studies》2013,22(3):368-376
The present study was conducted with the aim to identify comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (n = 40) and to compare those comorbidity rates to those in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 40). Participants were clinically referred children aged 7–18 years. DSM-IV classifications were used for the primary diagnosis (ASD/ADHD), while comorbid psychiatric disorders were assessed using a structured diagnostic interview, the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV, childhood diagnoses (KID-SCID). Twenty-three children with ASD (57.5 %) had at least one comorbid disorder, whereas 16 children with ADHD (40.0 %) were classified as having at least one comorbid disorder. No group differences were found with respect to this comorbidity rate or for the rate of comorbid externalizing disorders (ODD and/or CD). However, children with ASD had more comorbid internalizing disorders compared to children with ADHD. More specifically, children with ASD had higher rates of anxiety disorders, but not mood disorders. No associations between comorbidity and age or between comorbidity and the intelligence quotient was found. It is important for clinicians to always be aware of, and screen for, comorbidity, and to consider treatment for these comorbid disorders. In addition, research should focus on establishing valid and reliable screening tools as well as effective treatment options for these comorbid disorders. 相似文献
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Jake Johnson 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2012,34(4):555-565
Available research demonstrates that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) affect couples in a variety of different ways. Some partners draw closer to one another through the experience of caring for a child on the autism spectrum while others experience relationship dissatisfaction, separation, and divorce. Yet other research reveals that many couples raising children with ASDs may experience an initial dip in relationship satisfaction but, after adjusting to a new way of life and developing new expectations for their children, are later able to bond in novel ways. Thus, a marriage-friendly approach to therapy, which focuses on helping partners remain committed to each other through the trials and tribulations of life, may allow these couples to work through the difficulties of raising children on the autism spectrum without resorting to separation or divorce. Ethical implications of a marriage-friendly approach to therapy with couples raising children with ASDs are also considered. 相似文献
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Julie L. Ramisch Tina M. Timm Robert M. Hock Jessica A. Topor 《The American journal of family therapy》2013,41(5):376-388
Previous researchers have indicated that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are vulnerable to relationship stress, lower marital satisfaction, and potential relationship dissolution. We describe the experiences of three couples who participated in a 10-week, in-home couples therapy intervention using Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT). Each couple and their progress through the intervention are described using therapist and supervisor reflections, and qualitative evaluation interviews with the participants after termination. Based on the experiences of the couples, we conclude that couples would benefit from an in-home couples therapy intervention aimed to strengthen their relationships. 相似文献
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Story Recall and Narrative Coherence of High-Functioning Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Previous research has found few quantitative differences between children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and well-matched controls in the length, complexity, and structure of their narratives. Researchers have noted, however, that narratives of children with ASDs have an unusual and idiosyncratic nature. This study provides an analysis of narratives in 17 children with high-functioning ASDs and 17 typically developing children matched on age, gender, language abilities, and cognitive abilities. We examined story recall and narrative coherence. The study revealed no group differences in story length or syntactic complexity. Children with ASDs also did not differ from controls in their use of the gist of a story to aid recall, or in their sensitivity to the importance of story events. Children with ASDs did, however, produce narratives that were significantly less coherent than the narratives of controls. Children with ASDs appeared less likely to use the gist of the story to organize their narratives coherently. These findings are discussed with regard to their relationship to other cognitive and linguistic difficulties of children with ASDs. 相似文献
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Véronique-Aurélie Bricout Léa Dumortier Anne Favre-Juvin Michel Guinot 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2018,46(5):1121-1128
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders often manifested by social and behavioral deficiencies. Autonomic dysfunction is frequently reported in the autistic population but the mechanisms remain largely unknown. We aimed to characterize the cardiac autonomic profile of children with autism during a head-up tilt test. Thirty-nine male children were recruited: 19 controls (9.9 ± 1.6 years) and 20 children with ASD without intellectual disability (10.7 ± 1.2 years). Each child underwent a head-up tilt test on a motorized tilt table. After a 10 min resting period in the supine position, subjects were tilted head-up to 70° on the table for 10 min. Heart rate and blood pressure variabilities were continuously recorded using non-invasive Nexfin monitoring. The head-up tilt test significantly altered heart rate variability (p < 0.001 for both groups) and greater parasympathetic responses were found in the ASD group compared to controls (p < 0.05). In the supine position baroreflex sensitivity was higher in children with ASD than in the controls (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased during the tilt test in the ASD group, but not in controls. Our results showed that children with ASD did not have clinical signs of dysautonomia in response to a head-up tilt test. However, in children with ASD higher parasympathetic responses with the same sympathetic modulations during orthostatic stress suggest parasympathetic dominance in this population. 相似文献
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Bauminger N Solomon M Aviezer A Heung K Gazit L Brown J Rogers SJ 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(2):135-150
This study of Israeli and American preadolescent children examined characteristics of friendship in 44 children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) compared to 38 typically developing children (TYP), as they interacted with a close friend Participants were 8-12 years of age (HFASD: Israel, n = 24; USA, n = 20; TYP: Israel, n = 23; USA, n = 15), and were matched on SES, receptive language vocabulary, child age, and gender (each study group included one girl). Multidimensional assessments included: individual behaviors of target children and observed child-friend interactions during construction and drawing scenarios; target child's and friend's self-perceived mutual friendship qualities; and mother-reported characteristics (friendship's duration/frequency; friend's age/gender/disability status). Overall, children with HFASD displayed a number of differences on individual and dyadic friendship measures. Both age and verbal abilities affected friendship behaviors. Children with HFASD and their friends perceived friendship qualities similarly, suggesting that preadolescents with HFASD have capacities for interpersonal awareness. Between-group similarities also emerged on several complex social behaviors, suggesting that friendship follows a developmental trajectory in autism and may enhance social interaction skills in autism. 相似文献
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Lauren Brookman-Frazee Mary Baker-Ericzén Nicole Stadnick Robin Taylor 《Journal of child and family studies》2012,21(4):533-544
The community mental health (CMH) system provides treatment for behavioral and psychiatric problems in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although parent stakeholder perspectives are important to improving care, these perspectives have not been systematically examined for this population in the CMH sector. Twenty-one semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with parents of children with ASD who received services in CMH clinics. Themes related to child clinical histories, service access and experiences with the CMH system revealed a specific trajectory of service need identification, obtaining a diagnosis, and experience with services. Each trajectory stage was marked by high parent stress. Results provide information about the characteristics of children with ASD served in community mental health clinics and direction for targeted improvement efforts. 相似文献
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Deborah K. Anderson Rosalind S. Oti Catherine Lord Kathleen Welch 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(7):1019-1034
Adaptive social skills were assessed longitudinally at approximately ages 2, 3, 5, 9, and 13 years in a sample of 192 children
with a clinical diagnosis of autism (n = 93), PDD-NOS (n = 51), or nonspectrum developmental disabilities (n = 46) at age 2. Growth curve analyses with SAS proc mixed were used to analyze social trajectories over time. Both individual
characteristics and environmental resources emerged as key predictors of adaptive social behavior outcome. The gap between
children with autism and the other two diagnostic groups widened with time as the social skills of the latter groups improved
at a higher rate. However, within diagnostic groups, improvement ranged from minimal to very dramatic. Children with autism
most at risk for problems with social adaptive abilities later in life can be identified with considerable accuracy at a very
young age so they can be targeted for appropriate early intervention services. 相似文献
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Brookman-Frazee L Stahmer A Baker-Ericzén MJ Tsai K 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2006,9(3-4):181-200
Empirical support exists for parent training/education (PT/PE) interventions for children with disruptive behavior disorders
(DBD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While the models share common roots, current approaches have largely developed
independently and the research findings have been disseminated in two different literature traditions: mental health and developmental
disabilities. Given that these populations often have overlapping clinical needs and are likely to receive services in similar
settings, efforts to integrate the knowledge gained in the disparate literature may be beneficial. This article provides a
systematic overview of the current (1995–2005) empirical research on PT/PE for children with DBD and ASD; attending to factors
for cross-fertilization. Twenty-two ASD and 38 DBD studies were coded for review. Literature was compared in three main areas:
(1) research methodology, (2) focus of PT/PE intervention, and (3) PT/PE procedures. There was no overlap in publication outlets
between the studies for the two populations. Results indicate that there are opportunities for cross-fertilization in the
areas of (1) research methodology, (2) intervention targets, and (3) format of parenting interventions. The practical implications
of integrating these two highly related areas of research are identified and discussed. 相似文献
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Reduction of Pain Sensitivity after Somatosensory Therapy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Inmaculada Riquelme Samar M. Hatem Pedro Montoya 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2018,46(8):1731-1740
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often present with somatosensory dysfunction including an abnormal reactivity to tactile stimuli and altered pain perception. A therapy based on somatosensory stimuli has shown effectiveness in reducing pain sensitivity among adults with cerebral palsy. The present study aims at exploring the influence of somatosensory therapy on somatosensory parameters in children with ASD. Children with high-functioning ASD were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n?=?29) or the control group (n?=?30). The intervention group received a somatosensory therapy consisting of four types of exercises (touch, proprioception, vibration, stereognosis). Somatosensory function (pressure pain thresholds, tactile thresholds, stereognosis, proprioception) was assessed before and immediately after the therapy. Children in the intervention group showed a significant reduction of pain sensitivity and increase of tactile sensitivity after treatment, whereas children in the control group displayed increased pain sensitivity in the absence of changes of tactile sensitivity. No changes were observed for proprioception or stereognosis. The repetitive somatosensory stimulation therapy led to a decrease of pain sensitivity and an increase of tactile sensitivity. These findings may have important research and clinical implications, as promoting early tactile interventions in children with ASD may lead to a more adequate development of somatosensory processing and less somatosensory abnormalities upon adult life. 相似文献
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Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) present unique challenges for psychotherapists. Those with autism, Asperger’s
Disorder and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) show impairments in social communication and
social relationships as well as unusual behavioral features that set them apart from peers. Further, individuals affected
with autism spectrum disorders may experience anxiety, depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder and other psychiatric symptoms
that can be distressing and, at times, disabling. At present, there is limited information regarding evidence-based approaches
for addressing either core impairments of ASDs or associated conditions in a psychotherapy setting. Nevertheless, information
about how persons with ASD experience their world and learn can provide clues about what interventions might be useful to
assist them such that they can reach their fullest potential. From this standpoint, new or modified approaches to therapy
can be tested and further refined to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the psychotherapeutic challenges and the
most efficacious therapeutic approach to maximize functioning in this population. 相似文献
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Lynn Koegel Rosy Matos-Freden Russell Lang Robert Koegel 《Cognitive and behavioral practice》2012,19(3):401-412
Students with ASD present unique challenges to school systems. Despite these challenges, federal laws require that schools implement research-based practices in the least restrictive environment (LRE). The LRE is often deemed to be the general education classroom and the primary intervention agent is often the classroom teacher. Ensuring students with ASD receive effective intervention in these least restrictive and inclusive school settings will depend, in part, on the extent to which teachers and school personnel are prepared to implement research-based interventions. The purpose of this article is to provide a summary of research-based interventions for students with ASD. Our focus in this summary is on interventions that can be implemented in inclusive school settings by teachers and classroom support personnel. We first provide a general overview of interventions designed to reduce challenging behavior, teach communication skills, and improve social relationships. This is followed by a discussion of the obstacles to intervention implementation that may be present in school settings. Finally, we conclude by offering a list of intervention guidelines. 相似文献
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This study investigated the effectiveness of a behavioral treatment package for sleep problems in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Treatment consisted of four behaviorally based components: circadian rhythm management, positive bedtime routines, white noise, and graduated extinction. A multiple-baseline design across three participants was used. Families completed a baseline of various lengths followed by 1 month of intervention. Results indicated the treatment package was effective in decreasing sleep onset latency and the frequency of night awakenings. A week of follow-up data showed continued improvement. Parents reported their children slept better and satisfaction with the four intervention components. 相似文献
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Micah O. Mazurek Roma A. Vasa Luther G. Kalb Stephen M. Kanne Daniel Rosenberg Amy Keefer Donna S. Murray Brian Freedman Lea Ann Lowery 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2013,41(1):165-176
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience high rates of anxiety, sensory processing problems, and gastrointestinal (GI) problems; however, the associations among these symptoms in children with ASD have not been previously examined. The current study examined bivariate and multivariate relations among anxiety, sensory over-responsivity, and chronic GI problems in a sample of 2,973 children with ASD enrolled in the Autism Treatment Network (ages 2–17 years, 81.6 % male). Twenty-four percent of the sample experienced at least one type of chronic GI problem (constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and/or nausea lasting three or more months). Children with each type of GI problem had significantly higher rates of both anxiety and sensory over-responsivity. Sensory over-responsivity and anxiety were highly associated, and each provided unique contributions to the prediction of chronic GI problems in logistic regression analyses. The results indicate that anxiety, sensory over-responsivity and GI problems are possibly interrelated phenomenon for children with ASD, and may have common underlying mechanisms. 相似文献
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Tomislav Benjak 《Applied research in quality of life》2011,6(1):91-102
The purpose of this study was to investigate the subjective quality of life (SQoL) of parents of children with autism spectrum
disorders (ASD) who are primary carers. The study included 346 parents: 177 parents of children with ASD and 169 parents of
non-disabled children comprised the control group. The Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) was used to assess SQoL. Parents’ general
health perception was assessed with a single question scored on a scale from 1 (poor health) to 5 (excellent health). Parents
of children with ASD reported a significantly lower SQoL and general health perception with more physiological symptoms as
compared to parents of non-disabled children. In Croatia parents of children with ASD, as primary caregivers, is an especially
vulnerable part of the population and need increased social support and assistance in order to achieve and maintain the well-being
of the whole family. 相似文献