The Givenness of Other People: On Singularity and Empathy in Husserl

Human Studies - Other people figure in our experience of the world; they strike us as unique and genuinely other. This paper explores whether a Husserlian account of empathy as the way in which we...     

The Universe as a Saturated Phenomenon: The Christian Concept of Creation in View of Modern Philosophical and Scientific Developments

Abstract

The article develops an argument that the Christian concept of creation of the world, being an issue of the modern dialogue between theology and science, must be rethought and reformulated along the lines of recent advancements in cosmology and philosophy. It is argued that the prevailing natural attitude to the issue of the creation of the universe (whether based on Biblical hermeneutics or scientific theories) is philosophically inadequate because it does not account for the facticity of the articulating consciousness, which itself is the modality of the created. Correspondingly, the issue of creation receives a different interpretation: it is the coming into existence of personal life in the Divine image, capable of recognizing its createdness, and articulating creation as hypostatically distant from the comprehending subjectivity. Creation as inseparable from the life of subjectivity thus acquires the status of a saturated phenomenon to which neither successive quantitative, nor qualitative synthesis, nor temporal synthesis can be applied; it also escapes a rubric of relation. The created world, or the universe as a whole, gives itself to us from its own “self” to such an extent that it affects us, changes us and almost constitutes us, and stages us out of its own giving itself to us. The universe is present in the background of our existence through relationship and communion in such a way that we can express this presence ecstatically—through music, painting, poetry etc.—that presence which cannot be formalized in definitions of physics and mathematics. It is the living humanity that is the only and ultimate manifestation of God through its creation.     

意识和无意识权衡现象的四个特征

本实验以探讨意识和无意识之间的复杂关系为目的 ,采用 5 (年龄 :老年、中年、大学生、初三和高小 )× 2 (贡献来源 :意识和无意识 )的两因素混合设计 ,通过加工分离程序 (PDP)的包含和排除测验 ,计算意识和无意识的贡献大小。结果表明在对具体图片的记忆中 ,1)意识和无意识贡献出现了发展上的分离 ;2 )老年组的无意识贡献高于意识贡献 ,但未达到显著水平 ,其余四个组别则表现出意识贡献水平极其显著地高于无意识贡献水平。在此基础上 ,本研究对意识和无意识的权衡现象的四个特征 (相互独立、相互作用、互为主次、互相依存 )分别进行了阐述     

Consciousness and Self‐Regulation in Mobile Communication

The everyday use of mobile devices is sometimes performed in a minimally conscious manner (e.g., automaticity, habits, impulses), whereas other times it is performed in a highly conscious manner (e.g., immersion, presence, absorption). In Study 1, we surveyed individuals (n = 250) to evaluate the seemingly oppositional relationship between automatic (less conscious) and immersive (more conscious) tendencies toward texting. Despite their standard separation, confirmatory factor analyses revealed that automaticity and immersion were actually positively related independent of usage frequency. In Study 2 (n = 526), these consciousness tendencies were related to select facets of trait self‐control and mindfulness. Together, these studies underline the importance of media cognition in combination with personality factors for understanding the psychology of mobile device use.     

Brentano's Dual‐Framing Theory of Consciousness

Brentano's theory of consciousness has garnered a surprising amount of attention in recent philosophy of mind (Thomasson 2000 , Caston 2002, Hossack 2002, 2006, Kriegel 2003a, 2003b, 2009, Thomas 2003 , Smith 2004 , Zahavi 2004, Drummond 2006, Textor 2006, 2013 ). Here I argue for a novel interpretation of Brentano's theory that casts it as more original than previously appreciated and yet quite plausible upon inspection. According to Brentano's theory, as interpreted here, a conscious experience of a tree is a mental state that can be simultaneously thought of, or framed, equally accurately as (i) an awareness of a tree or (ii) an awareness of an awareness of a tree.     

一种新马克思主义解释学的建构:哈贝马斯的批判解释学论纲

哈贝马斯的批判解释学把传统注重文本理解的解释学改造为注重现实实践与理性批判的解释学,即一种意识形态批判,它本质上是一种新马克思主义的解释学。在哈贝马斯看来,伽达默尔强调前见、权威、传统、教化的合理性,导致其缺乏彻底的意识形态反省与批判精神。批判解释学也是深度解释学,即心理反思分析的解释学,它以弗洛伊德精神分析为榜样,注重挖掘潜藏在各种扭曲交往、虚假交往、神经病症等的意识形态压抑与控制。最后批判解释学也是一种政治解释学或社会解释学,它珍视平等交往、自由解放等价值理念。哈贝马斯的批判解释学产生了双重历史效应,它实现了解释学的实践哲学转向和社会批判理论的解释学转向。     

解释学分类及其他

本文之所以要讲解释学分类,因为研究、实施解释学的人往往有三个忽略:(一)不注意海德格尔为什么要中断解释学循环;(二)不反省"现代人比古代人更好的理解古代人"的启蒙教条;(三)还原解释经验比作为知识学的解释学更能面向事物(文本)本身.     

训诂与义理:中国传统释义学的两难选择--戴震的释义理论及其所反映的问题

通过训诂考据来探求儒家经典所蕴含的义理,是戴震释义理论的核心,但戴震同时又强调义理对训诂的指导意义.实际上,戴震对训诂的重视,很大程度上来源于它的破坏力量,即通过训诂的方法来否定理学的一些概念的含义,同时为他的义理之学找到文献上的依据.在他探求经典义理的实践中,有些地方违背了训诂方法的原则,而其根源就在于他的训诂只是为批判理学服务的.理解戴震的身世背景是理解他的训诂与义理关系理论的基础.     

诠释学：心理治疗理论的构建路径与展望

从自然科学和人文精神科学的区别开始,回顾了诠释学的源始与发展过程,尤其与心理科学的相互关系,指出诠释学是心理学的自然科学与精神科学特征之间沟通的桥梁。从心理现象和病理心理现象出发,探讨了西方心理治疗理论构建路径的诠释学特征,结合心理学质性研究方法的解释性,提出诠释学是西方心理治疗理论的构建路径,并从诠释学视角讨论了构建具有中国传统文化特征的心理治疗方法的可能性和可行性。指出心理诠释学的研究可作为心理治疗本土化的哲学基础,同时对诠释学在心理治疗本土化方面的作用进行了展望。

     

The Effect of Self‐Consciousness on the Expression of Gender Views1

This study examines the effect of public self‐consciousness on the expression of gender‐role attitudes. It was hypothesized that high publics were more likely to alter their gender‐view expressions to meet situational expectations than were high privates and that, under an activated state of public self‐attention, people were more likely to alter their gender views. Tested in 156 college students in a quasi‐experiment conducted in classrooms, these hypotheses were supported only in work‐related gender‐role attitude expressions, but not in domestic gender‐view expressions The experimental manipulation of public self‐consciousness in a classroom setting might have made work‐related identities more salient. Correspondingly, participants were more responsive to regulating work but not domestic gender views.