Let's Not Do Responsibility Skepticism

I argue for three conclusions. First, responsibility skeptics are committed to the position that the criminal justice system should adopt a universal nonresponsibility excuse. Second, a universal nonresponsibility excuse would diminish some of our most deeply held values, further dehumanize criminals, exacerbate mass incarceration, and cause an even greater number of innocent people (nonwrongdoers) to be punished. Third, while Saul Smilansky's ‘illusionist’ response to responsibility skeptics – that even if responsibility skepticism is correct, society should maintain a responsibility-realist/retributivist criminal justice system – is generally compelling, it would not work if a majority of society were to convert, theoretically and psychologically, to responsibility skepticism. In this (highly improbable) scenario, and only in this (highly improbable) scenario, the criminal justice system would need to be reformed in such a way that it aligned with the majority's responsibility-skeptical beliefs and attitudes.     

State-Dependent Memory Effects Using Caffeine and Placebo Do Not Extend to Metamemory

The authors examined the impact of caffeine on human memory and predictions of memory (i.e., metamemory). On Day 1, 83 college students drank a sweetened beverage containing either caffeine (4 mg/kg body weight) or a placebo before they studied 40 pairs of words. While the participants studied, they predicted their future memory performance for each word pair. On Day 2, the participants again received caffeine or a placebo before the memory test. The participants who drank the same beverage on both days (either caffeine or a placebo) recalled more word pairs than did those who drank different beverages (caffeine on 1 day and a placebo on the other day). In contrast, memory predictions were more accurate when the beverages did not match on both days. These data provide evidence for state-dependent memory when caffeine is used, but not for state-dependent metamemory. People's memory and their predictions of memory can be influenced in different ways if they drink caffeine before they study or take a test.     

科学思维为心肺复苏注入活力

笔者结合近30年临床心肺复苏的实践,系统总结了善用科学思维模式,破解心肺复苏过程中的诸多疑难问题的心得体会,充分阐述了科学思维在获得学术发明成果方面所发挥的巨大作用.     

科学思维为心肺复苏注入活力

笔者结合近30年临床心肺复苏的实践,系统总结了善用科学思维模式,破解心肺复苏过程中的诸多疑难问题的心得体会,充分阐述了科学思维在获得学术发明成果方面所发挥的巨大作用。     

远离苏格拉底

在西方哲学的谱系中,苏格拉底可谓哲学精神的典范和化身,备受后人景仰。本文以阿里斯托芬对苏格拉底的喜剧刻划作为切入点,指出了远离苏格拉底的警告实际上从苏格拉底生前就一直伴随着对苏格拉底及其哲学精神的崇拜。通过对柏拉图《会饮》文本细节的分析,文章表明了《会饮》这篇对话生动体现了日神精神和酒神精神的紧张和互动,同时强调了哲学的危险始终与其崇高相伴随。     

心肺复苏时肾上腺素剂量变迁的思考

肾上腺素是临床上心肺复苏的一线药物,但在最近二十几年以来,其剂量应用方案几经变迁,从20世纪80年代的小剂量,到90年代大剂量方案的兴起,又经历了个体化方案阶段,近几年又重新回归到小剂量给药方案。从唯物辩证法的基本思想出发,阐述心肺复苏时肾上腺素剂量变迁的哲学基础,并运用辩证唯物主义原理来探讨肾上腺素剂量研究的发展方向,这将有助于心肺复苏研究的理论与实践。     

成功心肺复苏的合适急救团队人数的研究

探讨成功心肺复苏中合适的急救团队人数。采用回顾性分析方法,对64例实施心肺复苏成功的心搏骤停患者临床资料进行对比分析。医生3人～4人组完成高质量胸外按压（46．9％）、气管插管（42．2％）的比率高于1人～2人组（P〈0．05）,护士4人～5人组高质量完成相关操作优于2人～3人组（P〈0．05）。医师3人～4人、护士4...     

We Do Not Count by Identity

It is widely assumed in psychology, philosophy, and linguistics that we count by identity. For example, to count the dogs by identity, we correlate each dog that isn't identical to the rest with a natural number, starting with one and assigning each successive dog the successive natural number. When we run out of distinct dogs, we've yielded a correct count. I argue that this model of counting is incorrect. We do not count by identity.     

唯物辩证法在院前心肺复苏实践中的指导作用

在院前心肺复苏实践中,我们会遇到很多矛盾的问题.本文从唯物辩证法的角度出发,分析了院前心肺复苏中一些比较棘手的问题,并为解决这些问题提出建议,对从事院前急救的医学专业人士以及非医学专业人士均具有一定的启发意义.     

唯物辩证法在院前心肺复苏实践中的指导作用

在院前心肺复苏实践中,我们会遇到很多矛盾的问题。本文从唯物辩证法的角度出发,分析了院前心肺复苏中一些比较棘手的问题,并为解决这些问题提出建议,对从事院前急救的医学专业人士以及非医学专业人士均具有一定的启发意义。     

Do Not Revise Ockham's Razor Without Necessity

Ockham's razor asks that we not multiply entities beyond necessity. The razor is a powerful methodological tool, enabling us to articulate reasons for preferring one theory to another. There are those, however, who would modify the razor. Schaffer (2010: 313—our italics), for one, tells us that, ‘I think the proper rendering of Ockham's razor should be ‘Do not multiply fundamental entities without necessity’’. Our aim, here, is to challenge such re‐workings of Ockham's razor.     

All Roads Do Not Lead to Rome

In commenting on Philip A. Ringstrom's paper I add a few caveats of my own regarding the comparison of intersubjective theories under consideration, then go on to take up some of the topics Ringstrom highlights including projective identification, mutual recognition, reified language, and analytic authority. The strength of Ringstrom's paper is to return us to the type of critical inquiry regarding comparative psychoanalysis that Mitchell made the hallmark of his own intellectual project.     

Sincerely Asserting What You Do Not Believe

I offer examples showing that, pace G. E. Moore, it is possible to assert ‘Q and I don't believe that Q’ sincerely, truly, and without any absurdity. The examples also refute the following principles: (a) justification to assert p entails justification to assert that one believes p (Gareth Evans); (b) the sincerity condition on assertion is that one believes what one says (John Searle); and (c) to assert (to someone) something that one believes to be false is to lie (Don Fallis).     

2005国际心肺复苏和心血管病急救指南的若干问题

2005年国际心肺复苏和心血管病急救指南制订中有5个最有争议的问题以及一些重要的新改变.这5个问题分别是:(1)室颤时,按压与电击何者优先;(2)按压-通气比;(3)一次电击与三次电击除颤的争议;(4)电击剂量;(5)复苏后处理.有利于在心肺复苏和心血管病急救工作中施行.     

2005国际心肺复苏和心血管病急救指南的若干问题

2005年国际心肺复苏和心血管病急救指南制订中有5个最有争议的问题以及一些重要的新改变。这5个问题分别是:(1)室颤时,按压与电击何者优先;(2)按压—通气比;(3)一次电击与三次电击除颤的争议;(4)电击剂量;(5)复苏后处理。有利于在心肺复苏和心血管病急救工作中施行。